从头创建windows窗口程序:
1、创建窗口类;2、注册窗口类;3、创建窗口;4、显示窗口;5、刷新窗口;6、消息循环;
6.1、获取消息;6.2、翻译消息;6.3、分发消息;
7、消息处理函数处理消息。
示例代码如下:
#include <windows.h>
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM) ;
int WINAPI WinMain (HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow)
{
static TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT ("HelloWin") ;
HWND hwnd ;
MSG msg ;
WNDCLASS wndclass ;
wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW ;
wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc ;
wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0 ;
wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0 ;
wndclass.hInstance = hInstance ;
wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon (NULL, IDI_APPLICATION) ;
wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor (NULL, IDC_ARROW) ;
wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH) GetStockObject (WHITE_BRUSH) ;
wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL ;
wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName ;
if (!RegisterClass (&wndclass))
{
MessageBox (NULL, TEXT ("This program requires Windows NT!"),
szAppName, MB_ICONERROR) ;
return 0 ;
}
hwnd = CreateWindow (szAppName, // window class name
TEXT ("The Hello Program"), // window caption
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, // window style
CW_USEDEFAULT, // initial x position
CW_USEDEFAULT, // initial y position
CW_USEDEFAULT, // initial x size
CW_USEDEFAULT, // initial y size
NULL, // parent window handle
NULL, // window menu handle
hInstance, // program instance handle
NULL) ; // creation parameters
ShowWindow (hwnd, iCmdShow) ;
UpdateWindow (hwnd) ;
while (GetMessage (&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
TranslateMessage (&msg) ;
DispatchMessage (&msg) ;
}
return msg.wParam ;
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
HDC hdc ;
PAINTSTRUCT ps ;
RECT rect ;
switch (message)
{
case WM_CREATE:
PlaySound (TEXT ("hellowin.wav"), NULL, SND_FILENAME | SND_ASYNC) ;
return 0 ;
case WM_PAINT:
hdc = BeginPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
GetClientRect (hwnd, &rect) ;
DrawText (hdc, TEXT ("Hello, Windows 98!"), -1, &rect,
DT_SINGLELINE | DT_CENTER | DT_VCENTER) ;
EndPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
return 0 ;
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage (0) ;
return 0 ;
}
return DefWindowProc (hwnd, message, wParam, lParam) ;
}
关键代码解释:
窗口类:
typedef struct tagWNDCLASS {
UINT style; //窗口风格
WNDPROC lpfnWndProc; //窗口消息处理函数
int cbClsExtra; //窗口类结构体后面额外分配的内存空间字节数,系统初始化为0
int cbWndExtra; //窗口实例后额外分配的内存空间自己数,系统初始化为0,
HINSTANCE hInstance; //应用程序实例句柄
HICON hIcon; //程序图标
HCURSOR hCursor; //程序光标
HBRUSH hbrBackground; //客户区背景刷颜色
LPCTSTR lpszMenuName; //菜单
LPCTSTR lpszClassName; //类名
} WNDCLASS, *PWNDCLASS;
创建窗口函数:
HWND WINAPI CreateWindow(
_In_opt_ LPCTSTR lpClassName, //窗口类名称
_In_opt_ LPCTSTR lpWindowName, //窗口名称
_In_ DWORD dwStyle, //窗口风格
_In_ int x, //窗口x坐标
_In_ int y, //窗口y坐标
_In_ int nWidth, //窗口宽
_In_ int nHeight, //窗口高
_In_opt_ HWND hWndParent, //父窗口句柄,没有设为NULL(即父窗口为桌面窗口)
_In_opt_ HMENU hMenu, //窗口菜单句柄
_In_opt_ HINSTANCE hInstance, //窗口实例句柄
_In_opt_ LPVOID lpParam //创建窗口时传给WM_CREATE消息的参数
);