GRE和MGRE综合实验

• 实验拓扑图

• 实验思路

1. 根据图中所属网段，配置ip地址和网关
2. R1,R2,R3,R4配置缺省路由，可以是公网互通
3. 使用ppp验证，R1与R5为PAP验证，R5:aaa地址池，创建用户名以及密码，同时进行pap服务认证，同时在R1-R5连接直连，R5端口认证该用户。R1：s4/0/0端口输入账号，密码，进行认证。
4. R2-R5的CHAP与PAP认证相识，只是认证协议不同，以及R2端口认证配置不同。
5. R3-R5之间的端口，使用link-protocol hdlc进行封装。
6. R1、R2、R3用MGRE环境，创建tunnel0/0/0,配置使用协议，源ip,目标ip.
7. R1、R4用GRE环境，创建tunnel0/0/1,源ip,目标ip,
8. R1、R5间用RIP宣告网段，使网络互通；

R1、R2、R3不仅要宣告网段，还要在中心上开启伪广播，为了只有中心获取到分支的路由信息，但是分支并没有获取到中心的路由信息；每个路由器关闭接口的水平分割，因为分支在中心开启伪广播后，分支只能获取到中心的路由信息，但是无法获取分支之间的路由信息。

• 实验IP配置

R1

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 192.168.1.254 24

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int s 4/0/0

[R1-Serial4/0/0]ip ad 15.1.1.1 24

[R1-Serial4/0/0]int t0/0/0

[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip ad 10.1.2.1 24

[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]int t0/0/1

[R1-Tunnel0/0/1]ip ad 10.1.1.1 24

[R1-Tunnel0/0/1]q

[R1]dis ip in b

*down: administratively down

^down: standby

(l): loopback

(s): spoofing

The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 5

The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 3

The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 3

The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 5



Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol 

GigabitEthernet0/0/0              192.168.1.254/24     up         up       

GigabitEthernet0/0/1              unassigned           down       down     

GigabitEthernet0/0/2              unassigned           down       down     

NULL0                             unassigned           up         up(s)    

Serial4/0/0                       15.1.1.1/24          up         up       

Serial4/0/1                       unassigned           down       down     

Tunnel0/0/0                       10.1.2.1/24          up         down     

Tunnel0/0/1                       10.1.1.1/24          up         down    

 

R2

[R2]int g0/0/0

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 192.168.2.254 24

Mar 30 2024 18:26:59-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP

on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int s 4/0/0

[R2-Serial4/0/0]ip ad 25.1.1.2 24

[R2-Serial4/0/0]int t0/0/0

[R2-Tunnel0/0/0]ip ad 10.1.2.2 24

R3

[R3]int g0/0/0

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 192.168.3.254 24

Mar 30 2024 18:29:24-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP

on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int s 4/0/0

[R3-Serial4/0/0]ip ad 35.1.1.3 24

[R3-Serial4/0/0]int t0/0/0

[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip ad  10.1.2.3 24

[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]

R4

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 45.1.1.4 24

Mar 30 2024 18:32:01-08:00 R4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[2]:The line protocol IP

on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 192.168.4.254 24

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int t0/0/1

[R4-Tunnel0/0/1]ip ad 10.1.1.4 24

R5

[R5]int s 4/0/1

[R5-Serial4/0/1]ip ad 15.1.1.5 24

[R5-Serial4/0/1]

[R5-Serial4/0/1]int s 3/0/1

[R5-Serial3/0/1]ip ad 25.1.1.5 24

[R5-Serial3/0/1]int s 4/0/0

[R5-Serial4/0/0]ip ad 35.1.1.5 24

[R5-Serial4/0/0]int g0/0/0

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 45.1.1.5 24

[R5-LoopBack0]ip ad 5.5.5.5 24

• 实验配置

1. 实现公私网互通

[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 15.1.1.5

[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 25.1.1.5

[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0  35.1.1.5

[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 45.1.1.5

[R1]ping 25.1.1.2

  PING 25.1.1.2: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

    Reply from 25.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=60 ms

    Reply from 25.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=30 ms

    Reply from 25.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=20 ms

    Reply from 25.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=20 ms

    Reply from 25.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=20 ms

2、

（1）R1和R5间使用PPP的PAP认证，R5为主认证方；

R5

[R5]aaa

[R5-aaa]local-user zhangdaye password cipher zdy12345

Info: Add a new user.

[R5-aaa]local-user zhangdaye service-type ppp

[R5-aaa]q

[R5]int s 4/0/1

[R5-Serial4/0/1]ppp authentication-mode pap

R1

[R1]int s 4/0/0

[R1-Serial4/0/0]ppp pap local-user zhangdaye password cipher zdy12345

测试

[R1-Serial4/0/0]shutdown

[R1-Serial4/0/0]undo shutdown

[R1-Serial4/0/0]

Mar 30 2024 18:56:39-08:00 R1 %%01IFPDT/4/IF_STATE(l)[5]:Interface Serial4/0/0 h

as turned into UP state.

[R1-Serial4/0/0]

Mar 30 2024 18:56:42-08:00 R1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[6]:The line protocol PPP

 on the interface Serial4/0/0 has entered the UP state.

[R1-Serial4/0/0]

Mar 30 2024 18:56:42-08:00 R1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[7]:The line protocol PPP

 IPCP on the interface Serial4/0/0 has entered the UP state.

  （2）R2与R5之间使用ppp的CHAP认证，R5为主认证方;

R5

[R5]aaa

[R5-aaa]local-user wangdaye password cipher wdy12345

Info: Add a new user.

[R5-aaa]local-user wangdaye service-type ppp.

[R5-aaa]q

[R5]int s 3/0/1

[R5-Serial3/0/1]ppp authentication-mode chap

R2

[R2]int s 4/0/0

[R2-Serial4/0/0]ppp chap user wangdaye

[R2-Serial4/0/0]ppp chap password cipher wdy12345

[R2-Serial4/0/0]shutdown

[R2-Serial4/0/0]undo shutdown

[R2-Serial4/0/0]

Mar 30 2024 19:04:38-08:00 R2 %%01IFPDT/4/IF_STATE(l)[5]:Interface Serial4/0/0 h

as turned into UP state.

[R2-Serial4/0/0]

Mar 30 2024 19:04:41-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[6]:The line protocol PPP

 on the interface Serial4/0/0 has entered the UP state.

[R2-Serial4/0/0]

Mar 30 2024 19:04:41-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[7]:The line protocol PPP

 IPCP on the interface Serial4/0/0 has entered the UP state.

  （3）R3与R5之间使用HDLC封装;

R5

[R5-Serial4/0/0]link-protocol hdlc

Warning: The encapsulation protocol of the link will be changed. Continue? [Y/N]

:y

Mar 30 2024 19:13:29-08:00 R5 %%01IFNET/4/CHANGE_ENCAP(l)[8]:The user performed

the configuration that will change the encapsulation protocol of the link and th

en selected Y.

[R5-Serial4/0/0]

[R5-Serial4/0/0]

Mar 30 2024 19:13:29-08:00 R5 %%01PPP/4/PHYSICALDOWN(l)[9]:On the interface Seri

al4/0/0, PPP link was closed because the status of the physical layer was Down.



[R5-Serial4/0/0]

Mar 30 2024 19:13:29-08:00 R5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[10]:The line protocol PP

P on the interface Serial4/0/0 has entered the DOWN state.

[R5-Serial4/0/0]

Mar 30 2024 19:13:29-08:00 R5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[11]:The line protocol PP

P IPCP on the interface Serial4/0/0 has entered the DOWN state.

[R5-Serial4/0/0]

Mar 30 2024 19:13:29-08:00 R5 %%01IFPDT/4/IF_STATE(l)[12]:Interface Serial4/0/0

has turned into DOWN state.

[R5-Serial4/0/0]

Mar 30 2024 19:13:29-08:00 R5 %%01IFPDT/4/IF_STATE(l)[13]:Interface Serial4/0/0

has turned into UP state.

[R5-Serial4/0/0]

Mar 30 2024 19:13:29-08:00 R5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[14]:The line protocol IP

 on the interface Serial4/0/0 has entered the UP state.

[R5-Serial4/0/0]

Mar 30 2024 19:14:29-08:00 R5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[15]:The line protocol IP

 on the interface Serial4/0/0 has entered the DOWN state.

R3

[R3-Serial4/0/0]link-protocol hdlc

Warning: The encapsulation protocol of the link will be changed. Continue? [Y/N]

:

Mar 30 2024 19:14:15-08:00 R3 %%01PPP/4/TIMEOUT(l)[0]:On the interface Serial4/0

/0, PPP link was closed because the keepalive timer expired.

[R3-Serial4/0/0]

Mar 30 2024 19:14:15-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol PPP

 on the interface Serial4/0/0 has entered the DOWN state.

[R3-Serial4/0/0]

Mar 30 2024 19:14:15-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[2]:The line protocol PPP

 IPCP on the interface Serial4/0/0 has entered the DOWN state.

[R3-Serial4/0/0]

Mar 30 2024 19:14:15-08:00 R3 %%01RM/4/IPV4_DEFT_RT_CHG(l)[3]:IPV4 default Route

 is changed. (ChangeType=Delete, InstanceId=0, Protocol=Static, ExitIf=Unknown,

Nexthop=35.1.1.5, Neighbour=0.0.0.0, Preference=1006632960, Label=NULL, Metric=0

)

[R3-Serial4/0/0]

[R3-Serial4/0/0]

Mar 30 2024 19:15:21-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/CHANGE_ENCAP(l)[4]:The user performed

the configuration that will change the encapsulation protocol of the link and th

en selected N.

3、

（1）R1、R2、R3构建一个MGRE环境，

R1

[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp

[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 15.1.1.1

Mar 30 2024 19:36:08-08:00 R1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[3]:The line protocol IP

on the interface Tunnel0/0/0 has entered the UP state.

[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100

R2 

[R2-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp

[R2-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0

[R2-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100 

[R2-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 10.1.2.1 15.1.1.1 register

R3

[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp

[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0

Mar 30 2024 19:49:41-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[6]:The line protocol IP

on the interface Tunnel0/0/0 has entered the UP state.

[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100

[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 10.1.2.1 15.1.1.1 register

（2）R1为中心站点，R1、R4间为点到点的GRE;

R1

[R1-Tunnel0/0/1]tunnel-protocol gre

[R1-Tunnel0/0/1]source 15.1.1.1

[R1-Tunnel0/0/1]destination 45.1.1.4

Mar 30 2024 19:31:31-08:00 R1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP

on the interface Tunnel0/0/1 has entered the DOWN state.

R4

[R4-Tunnel0/0/1]tunnel-protocol gre

[R4-Tunnel0/0/1]source 45.1.1.4

[R4-Tunnel0/0/1]destination 15.1.1.1

Mar 30 2024 19:33:12-08:00 R4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP

on the interface Tunnel0/0/1 has entered the UP state.

4、整个私有网络基本RIP全网可达，

[R1]rip 1

[R1-rip-1]v 2

[R1-rip-1]undo summary

[R1-rip-1]net 192.168.1.0

[R1-rip-1]net 10.0.0.0

[R1-rip-1]q

[R1]int t0/0/0

[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic

[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]undo rip split-horizon

[R2]rip 1

[R2-rip-1]v 2

[R2-rip-1]undo summary

[R2-rip-1]net 192.168.2.0

[R2-rip-1]net 10.0.0.0

[R2-rip-1]q

[R2]int t0/0/0

[R2-Tunnel0/0/0]undo rip s 

[R2-Tunnel0/0/0]undo rip split-horizon

[R3]rip 1

[R3-rip-1]v 2

[R3-rip-1]undo summary

[R3-rip-1]net 192.168.3.0

[R3-rip-1]net 10.0.0.0

[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]undo rip split-horizon

在p1 p2 p3中互ping ,达到实验效果。

[R1]dis nhrp peer all

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Protocol-addr   Mask  NBMA-addr       NextHop-addr    Type         Flag        

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

10.1.2.2        32    25.1.1.2        10.1.2.2        dynamic      route tunnel

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Tunnel interface: Tunnel0/0/0

Created time    : 00:23:07

Expire time     : 01:36:53

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Protocol-addr   Mask  NBMA-addr       NextHop-addr    Type         Flag        

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

10.1.2.3        32    35.1.1.3        10.1.2.3        dynamic      route tunnel

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Tunnel interface: Tunnel0/0/0

Created time    : 00:22:25

Expire time     : 01:37:35

[R2]dis nhrp peer all

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Protocol-addr   Mask  NBMA-addr       NextHop-addr    Type         Flag        

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

10.1.2.1        32    15.1.1.1        10.1.2.1        static       hub         

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Tunnel interface: Tunnel0/0/0

Created time    : 00:21:33

Expire time     : --

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Protocol-addr   Mask  NBMA-addr       NextHop-addr    Type         Flag        

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

10.1.2.3        32    35.1.1.3        10.1.2.3        dynamic      route tunnel

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Tunnel interface: Tunnel0/0/0

Created time    : 00:02:23

Expire time     : 01:57:37

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Protocol-addr   Mask  NBMA-addr       NextHop-addr    Type         Flag        

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

10.1.2.2        32    25.1.1.2        10.1.2.2        dynamic      local       

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Tunnel interface: Tunnel0/0/0

Created time    : 00:02:23

Expire time     : 01:57:37



Number of nhrp peers: 3

[R3]dis nhrp peer all

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Protocol-addr   Mask  NBMA-addr       NextHop-addr    Type         Flag        

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

10.1.2.1        32    15.1.1.1        10.1.2.1        static       hub         

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Tunnel interface: Tunnel0/0/0

Created time    : 00:21:11

Expire time     : --

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Protocol-addr   Mask  NBMA-addr       NextHop-addr    Type         Flag        

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

10.1.2.2        32    25.1.1.2        10.1.2.2        dynamic      route tunnel

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Tunnel interface: Tunnel0/0/0

Created time    : 00:02:43

Expire time     : 01:57:17

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Protocol-addr   Mask  NBMA-addr       NextHop-addr    Type         Flag        

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

10.1.2.3        32    35.1.1.3        10.1.2.3        dynamic      local       

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Tunnel interface: Tunnel0/0/0

Created time    : 00:02:43

Expire time     : 01:57:17



Number of nhrp peers: 3

5、所有pc设置私有IP为源IP，可以访问R5环回,达到全网通

R1

[R1]acl 2000

[R1-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255

[R1-acl-basic-2000]q

[R1]int s 4/0/0]

[R1-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

R2

[R2]acl 2000

[R2-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255

[R2-acl-basic-2000]q

[R2]int s 4/0/0

[R2-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

R3

[R3]acl 2000

[R3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255

[R3-acl-basic-2000]q

[R3]int s 4/0/0

[R3-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

R4

[R4]acl 2000

[R4-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 192.168.4.0 0.0.0.255

[R4-acl-basic-2000]q

[R4]int g0/0/0

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000

测试

PC1

ping 5.5.5.5



Ping 5.5.5.5: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break

From 5.5.5.5: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=254 time=16 ms

From 5.5.5.5: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=254 time<1 ms

From 5.5.5.5: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=254 time<1 ms

From 5.5.5.5: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=254 time=15 ms

From 5.5.5.5: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=254 time=16 ms