Hadoop学习-MapReducer

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-12 18:33:36 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-05-12 18:33:36 发布

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文章标签： hadoop 学习大数据

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/2301_77836489/article/details/138188888

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MapReducer

1.Hadoop是干嘛的

1）分布式存储 HDFS

2）处理大规模数据 MapReducer

2.maven

1）maven是用来下载jar包和加载依赖的

2）项目管理打jar包项目之前依赖

3）如何在maven中下载jar包

通过组id 工程名和版本号就能确定一个工程确定一个jar包

4）下载jar包要给他一个下载的网址

3.MapReducer

1）分析数据写sql

我们现在有一份订单数据

orderinfo

dt name money

2024-04-23,zhangsan,90

2024-04-23,lisi,50

2024-04-24,zhangsan,95

2024-04-24,lisi,55

现在求商家每天的收入金额假设我们现在使用sql语句求这个值

select sum(money),dt from orderinfo group by dt;

2）写程序

a.mapper程序

①用来接收每一行数据

②确定kv对并输出kv对

k就是group后面的字段 v就是money

        //KEYIN, VALUEIN, KEYOUT, VALUEOUT
//在Hadoop的输入输出中 不让我们用Java类型 使用Hadoop对应的类型
//long对应LongWritable String对应Text Float对应FloatWritable
public class OrderMapper extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text,Text, FloatWritable> {


}

Hadoop为什么不让使用Java类型？

map的输出kv或reduce的输出kv最后写到磁盘上，而用java类型写入磁盘（序列化）速度非常慢，也就是说，Java在作序列化的时候，速度非常慢，所以要用Hadoop类型，对Java的序列化做了改进。

package com.pracle.mr;

import org.apache.hadoop.io.FloatWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;

import java.io.IOException;

//KEYIN, VALUEIN, KEYOUT, VALUEOUT
//在Hadoop的输入输出中 不让我们用Java类型 使用Hadoop对应的类型
//long对应LongWritable String对应Text Float对应FloatWritable
public class OrderMapper extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text,Text, FloatWritable> {
        
        @Override
        protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, FloatWritable>.Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
                String[] orders = value.toString().split(",");
                String okey=orders[0];
                String ovalue=orders[2];
                //context表示输出 输入输出都是Hadoop类型
                context.write(new Text(okey),new FloatWritable(Float.parseFloat(ovalue)));
        }
}

练习：求流量和写一下Mapper程序

182133434,2020-12-12,9000

2123444343,2020-12-13,900

2323432424,2020-12-12,900

23234344,2020-12-13,900

package com.pracle.mr;

import org.apache.hadoop.io.DoubleWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;

import java.io.IOException;

public class FlowMapper extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text,LongWritable, DoubleWritable> {
    @Override
    protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Mapper<LongWritable, Text, LongWritable, DoubleWritable>.Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
        String[] flow = value.toString().split(",");
        String telephone=flow[0];
        String flo=flow[2];
        context.write(new LongWritable(Integer.parseInt(telephone)),new DoubleWritable(Double.parseDouble(flo)));
    }
}

Mapper<LongWritable, Text,Text, FloatWritable>

LongWritable：字符个数

Text：每一行数据

Text：SQL语句中group ｂｙ后面的字段　ｋｅｙ

FloatWritable：SQL语句中ｓｕｍ里面的字段　value

b.洗牌分组排序

Mapper运行完以后将数据交给shuffle shuffle根据key默认升序对数据进行分组排序

c.reducer程序

一组一组读取数据

reducer有四个参数

kin：shuffle中已经分好组的数据的key

vin：key对应的数据可能会有多个我们可以联想到list 数组

okey：就是kin

ovalue:sum(money)

package com.pracle.mr;

import org.apache.hadoop.io.FloatWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Iterator;

public class OrderReducer extends Reducer<Text, FloatWritable,Text,FloatWritable> {
    @Override
    protected void reduce(Text key, Iterable<FloatWritable> values, Reducer<Text, FloatWritable, Text, FloatWritable>.Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
        Iterator<FloatWritable> it = values.iterator();
        float sum=0;
        while (true){
            if(it.hasNext()){
                FloatWritable f = it.next();
                sum+=f.get();//类对象不能做+ - * /
            }
            else {
                break;
            }
            
        }
context.write(key,new FloatWritable(sum));
    }
}

d.Test类

Test类主要用来创建一个作业完成对一份数据的处理

package com.pracle.mr;

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.FloatWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;


import java.io.IOException;
//Test用于提交我们的Job作业
public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException, ClassNotFoundException {
//      System.setProperty("hadoop.home.dir","D:\\ALidownload\\hadoop-27");


        Configuration configuration=new Configuration();
        //获取Job的实例对象
        Job job = Job.getInstance(configuration);
        //设置驱动的类
        job.setJarByClass(Test.class);
        //设置Mapper的具体实现类
        job.setMapperClass(OrderMapper.class);
        //设置Map端输出的数据类型
        job.setMapOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
        job.setMapOutputValueClass(FloatWritable.class);
        //设置Reducer的具体实现类
        job.setReducerClass(OrderReducer.class);
        //设置Reduce端输出的数据类型
        job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
        job.setOutputValueClass(FloatWritable.class);
        //设置输入输出路径
        FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job,new Path("D:\\IDEA_workplace\\jtxy_hdfs\\data\\a.txt"));
        FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job,new Path("D:\\IDEA_workplace\\jtxy_hdfs\\output\\a_out.txt"));

        if(job.waitForCompletion(true)){
            System.out.println("程序运行成功！");
        }else{
            System.out.println("程序运行失败！");
        }
    }
}

在运行程序之前我们先配置一下Hadoop的环境变量