C++入门 （五、日期类的实现）

Data.h

#pragma once
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <assert.h>

class Date
{
public:
	bool CheckInvalid() const;
	Date(int year = 1, int month = 1, int day = 1);
	bool operator<(const Date& d) const;
	bool operator<=(const Date& d) const;
	bool operator>(const Date& d) const;
	bool operator>=(const Date& d) const;
	bool operator==(const Date& d) const;
	bool operator!=(const Date& d) const;
	Date operator+(int day) const;
	Date& operator+=(int day);
	Date operator-(int day) const;
	Date& operator-=(int day);
	//前置++
	Date& operator++();
	//后置++
	Date operator++(int);
	//后置--
	Date operator--(int);
	//前置--
	Date& operator--();
	//日期相减算天数
	int operator-(const Date& d) const;

	//不声明定义分离就是内敛函数
	int GetMonthDay(int year, int month) const
	{
		assert(month > 0 && month < 13);

		int monthDays[13] = { 0,31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31 };
		if ((month == 2) && ((year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0) || (year % 400 == 0)))
		{
			return 29;
		}

		return monthDays[month];
	}

	void print();

	//全局函数没有this 所以比价const
	//自定义类型流提取
	friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Date& d);
	//自定义类型流插入
	friend istream& operator>>(istream& in, Date& d);

private:
	int _year;
	int _month;
	int _day;
};

ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Date& d);
istream& operator>>(istream& in, Date& d);

Data.cpp

#include "Date.h"

bool Date::CheckInvalid() const
{
	if (_year <= 0
		|| _month < 1 || _month>12
		|| _day < 1 || _day > GetMonthDay(_year, _month))
	{
		return false;
	}

	return true;
}


Date::Date(int year, int month, int day)
{
	_year = year;
	_month = month;
	_day = day;

	//检查是否合法
	if (!CheckInvalid())
	{
		cout << "您输入的日期不合法" << endl;
	}
}

bool Date::operator<(const Date& d) const
{
	//this指针可以省略
	if (_year < d._year)
	{
		return true;
	}
	else if (_year == d._year)
	{
		if (_month < d._month)
		{
			return true;
		}
		else if (_month == d._month)
		{
			if (_day < d._day)
			{
				return true;
			}
		}
	}

	return false;
}

bool Date::operator==(const Date& d) const
{
	return _year == d._year
		&& _month == d._month
		&& _day == d._day;
}

void Date::print()
{
	cout << _year << '/' << _month << '/' << _day << endl;
}

bool Date::operator<=(const Date& d) const
{
	if (*this < d || *this == d)
	{
		return true;
	}
	return false;
}

bool Date::operator>(const Date& d) const
{
	return !(*this <= d);
}

bool Date::operator>=(const Date& d) const
{
	return !(*this < d);
}

bool Date::operator!=(const Date& d) const
{
	return !(*this == d);
}

Date& Date::operator+=(int day)
{
	_day += day;
	while (_day > GetMonthDay(_year, _month))
	{
		_day -= GetMonthDay(_year, _month);
		++_month;
		if (_month > 12)
		{
			++_year;
			_month = 1;
		}
	}

	return *this;
}

Date Date::operator+(int day) const
{
	Date tmp = *this;
	tmp += day;

	return tmp;
}

Date Date::operator-(int day) const
{
	Date tmp = *this;
	tmp -= day;
	return tmp;
}

Date& Date::operator-=(int day)
{
	_day -= day;
	while (_day < 0)
	{
		--_month;
		//!!!BUG
		if (_month == 0)
		{
			--_year;
			_month = 12;
		}

		_day += GetMonthDay(_year, _month);
	}

	return *this;
}

//前置++
Date& Date::operator++()
{
	/*++_day;

	if (_day > GetMonthDay(_year, _month))
	{
		_day = 1;
		++_month;
		if (_month == 13)
		{
			++_year;
			_month = 1;
		}
	}*/

	*this += 1;

	return *this;
}

//后置++
Date Date::operator++(int)
{
	Date tmp = *this;

	*this += 1;

	return tmp;
}

//前置--
Date& Date::operator--()
{
	*this -= 1;

	return *this;
}

//后置--
Date Date::operator--(int)
{
	Date tmp = *this;
	*this -= 1;
	return tmp;
}

int Date::operator-(const Date& d) const
{
	Date max = *this;
	Date min = d;
	int count = 0;
	int flag = 1;

	if (*this < d)
	{
		max = d;
		min = *this;
		flag = -1;
	}

	while (max != min)
	{
		--max;
		++count;
	}

	return count * flag;
}

ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Date& d)
{
	out << d._year << "年" << d._month << "月" << d._day << "日" << endl;
	return out;
}

istream& operator>>(istream& in, Date& d)
{
	while (1)
	{
		cout << "请以此输入年月日:>";
		in >> d._year >> d._month >> d._day;
		if (!d.CheckInvalid())
		{
			cout << "你输入的值非法，请重新出入" << endl;
		}
		else
		{
			break;
		}
	}

	return in;
}