Hadoop之MapReduce01【自带wordcount案例】

一、什么是mapreduce

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| 组件 | 说明 |

| — | :-- |

| HDFS | 分布式存储系统 |

| MapReduce | 分布式计算系统 |

| YARN | hadoop 的资源调度系统 |

| Common | 三大[HDFS,Mapreduce,Yarn]组件的底层支撑组件，

主要提供基础工具包和 RPC 框架等 |

Mapreduce 是一个分布式运算程序的编程框架，是用户开发“基于 hadoop 的数据分析应用”的核心框架,Mapreduce 核心功能是将用户编写的业务逻辑代码和自带默认组件整合成一个完整的 分布式运算程序，并发运行在一个 hadoop 集群上.

二、为什么需要mapreduce

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1. 海量数据在单机上处理因为硬件资源限制，无法胜任

2. 而一旦将单机版程序扩展到集群来分布式运行，将极大增加程序的复杂度和开发难度

3. 引入 MapReduce 框架后，开发人员可以将绝大部分工作集中在业务逻辑的开发上，而将 分布式计算中的复杂性交由框架来处理

三、mapreduce程序运行实例

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在 MapReduce 组件里， 官方给我们提供了一些样例程序，其中非常有名的就是 wordcount 和 pi程序。这些 MapReduce程序的代码都在hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.6.4.jar包里,这个jar包在 hadoop安装目录下的/share/hadoop/mapreduce/目录里

wordcount案例

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执行wordcount案例来统计文件中单词出现的次数.

1.准备数据

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2.HDFS中创建对应的文件夹

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在hdfs中创建文件夹存储需要统计的文件，及创建输出文件的路径

hadoop fs -mkdir -p /wordcount/input

hadoop fs -put a.txt /wordcount/input/

3.启动yarn

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要做分布式运算必须要启动yarn

start-yarn.sh

4.执行程序

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hadoop jar hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.6.5.jar wordcount /wordcount/input/ /wordcount/output

输出

[root@hadoop-node01 mapreduce]# hadoop jar hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.6.5.jar wordcount /wordcount/input/ /wordcount/output

19/04/02 23:06:03 INFO client.RMProxy: Connecting to ResourceManager at hadoop-node01/192.168.88.61:8032

19/04/02 23:06:07 INFO input.FileInputFormat: Total input paths to process : 1

19/04/02 23:06:09 INFO mapreduce.JobSubmitter: number of splits:1

19/04/02 23:06:09 INFO mapreduce.JobSubmitter: Submitting tokens for job: job_1554217397936_0001

19/04/02 23:06:10 INFO impl.YarnClientImpl: Submitted application application_1554217397936_0001

19/04/02 23:06:11 INFO mapreduce.Job: The url to track the job: http://hadoop-node01:8088/proxy/application_1554217397936_0001/

19/04/02 23:06:11 INFO mapreduce.Job: Running job: job_1554217397936_0001

19/04/02 23:06:30 INFO mapreduce.Job: Job job_1554217397936_0001 running in uber mode : false

19/04/02 23:06:30 INFO mapreduce.Job: map 0% reduce 0%

19/04/02 23:06:46 INFO mapreduce.Job: map 100% reduce 0%

19/04/02 23:06:57 INFO mapreduce.Job: map 100% reduce 100%

19/04/02 23:06:58 INFO mapreduce.Job: Job job_1554217397936_0001 completed successfully

19/04/02 23:06:59 INFO mapreduce.Job: Counters: 49

File System Counters

FILE: Number of bytes read=133

FILE: Number of bytes written=214969

FILE: Number of read operations=0

FILE: Number of large read operations=0

FILE: Number of write operations=0

HDFS: Number of bytes read=240

HDFS: Number of bytes written=79

HDFS: Number of read operations=6

HDFS: Number of large read operations=0

HDFS: Number of write operations=2

Job Counters

Launched map tasks=1

Launched reduce tasks=1

Data-local map tasks=1

Total time spent by all maps in occupied slots (ms)=11386

Total time spent by all reduces in occupied slots (ms)=9511

Total time spent by all map tasks (ms)=11386

Total time spent by all reduce tasks (ms)=9511

Total vcore-milliseconds taken by all map tasks=11386

Total vcore-milliseconds taken by all reduce tasks=9511

Total megabyte-milliseconds taken by all map tasks=11659264

Total megabyte-milliseconds taken by all reduce tasks=9739264

Map-Reduce Framework

Map input records=24

Map output records=27

Map output bytes=236

Map output materialized bytes=133

Input split bytes=112

Combine input records=27

Combine output records=12