多边形的绘制
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.patches as mpathes
1.#【在画布的任意位置添加任意大小的坐标系】
ax = plt.axes((0.3,0.3,0.5,0.5))
2.#【绘制多边形】
polygon = mpathes.RegularPolygon((0.5,0.5),4,0.2)#创建一个多边形实例
circle1 = mpathes.Circle((0.5,0.5),0.5)#创建一个圆实例
circle2= mpathes.CirclePolygon((0.5,0.5),0.2,8)#创建一个逼近圆实例
circle3 = mpathes.Ellipse((0.4,0.4),0.5,0.25,45)#创建一个椭圆实例
3.#【将多边形实例绘制到坐标系上】
ax.add_patch(polygon )#把步骤2的变量放在括号中
1. 2.
3. 4.
【定制x轴的样式(轴脊、刻度线(刻度的范围默认值在0-1)、刻度标签)】
轴样式的定制:
#(1).利用Axes类方法实现轴样式的定制
ax.tick_params(axis='x', direction = 'inout',length = 10, width = 4 ,pad = 40 ,
bottom = True, left = False,right = True, top = True,labelrotation = 45)
plt.show()
(2)利用Xaxis/Yaxis类方法实现轴样式的定制
ax.xaxis.set_tick_params(direction = 'in',length = 20, width = 8 ,pad = 10 ,color = 'm')
ax.yaxis.set_tick_params(direction = 'in',length = 20, width = 8 ,pad = 10 ,color = 'm')
隐藏轴脊:
隐藏轴脊【获取对应轴脊实例,设置颜色为透明色--相当于隐藏了轴脊(不包括刻度线和刻度标签)】
ax.spines['top'].set_color('none')
ax.spines['right'].set_color('none')
隐藏刻度线:
隐藏x轴刻度线--三者皆可(隐藏y轴把xaxis改成yaxis即可)
(1)ax.xaxis.set_tick_params(color='none')
(2)ax.xaxis.set_ticks_position('none')
(3)ax.set_xticks([])
隐藏刻度标签:
隐藏刻度标签--隐藏x轴的刻度标签
ax.set_xticklabels([])
隐藏x,y轴的所有坐标轴(轴脊,刻度线,刻度标签):
直接隐藏所有坐标轴(轴脊,刻度线,刻度标签)的显示
ax.axis('off')
轴脊的移动--以下展示的是底部轴脊和左边轴脊的移动
移动轴脊
ax.spines['bottom'].set_position(('data',0.5))
ax.spines['left'].set_position(('data',0.5))