静态路由综合练习

一、实验拓扑图

二、实验需求

1. R6为ISP，接口IP地址均为公有地址，该设备只能配置IP地址之后不能冉对其进行任何配置；
2. R1-R5为局域网，私有Ip地址192.168.1.0/24，请合理分配;
3. R1、R2、R4，各有两个环回IP地址;R5,R6各有一个环回地址;所有路由器上环回均代表连接用户的接口；
4. R3下面的两台Pc通过DHCP自动获取IP地址;
5. 选路最佳，路由表尽量小，避免环路;
6. R1-R5均可以访问R6的环回;
7. 在R1上配置telnet服务，使R6能通过R5的公有地址te1net到R1上;
8. R4与R5正常通过1000M链路，故障时通过100m链路;三、实验过程及其原理（命令）

1、划分子网配置路由器IP与环回地址

R1路由器IP配置

R2路由器IP配置

R3路由器IP配置

R4路由器IP配置

R5路由器IP配置

R6路由器IP配置

2、配置地址池，通过DHCP让主机自动获取ip

[R3]dhcp enable

[R3]ip pool aa

[R3-ip-pool-aa]network 192.168.1.96 mask 27

[R3-ip-pool-aa]gateway-list 192.168.1.97

[R3-ip-pool-aa]dns-list 8.8.8.8

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]dhcp select global

3、静态路由联通（所要去网段以及下一跳位置）警惕错配漏配

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.6

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.6

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.6

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.6

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.6

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.6

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.10

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.10

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.10

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.10

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.10

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.10

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.1

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.1

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.1

IR3]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.5

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.5

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.14

[R3]ip route static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.14

[R3]route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.14

[R3]route static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.14

[R3]route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.14

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.14

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.13

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.13

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.13

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.9

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.9

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.9

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.18

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.22

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.17

测试内网通

4、设置防环（避免路由黑洞）

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 NULL 0

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 NULL 0

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 NULL 0

5、利用nat下发地址（公网上的用户可以主动访问私网中的服务器）

[R5]acl 2000

[R5-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255

[R5-acl-basic-2000]int g0/0/2

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]nat outbound 2000

6、配置缺省路由

[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.6

[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10

[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.14

[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18

[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22

[R5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 12.0.0.2

7、配置远程登录用户/发布远程登录

[R1]telnet server  enable

[R1]aaa

[R1-aaa]local-user jyt password cipher jyt123456 privilege level 15

[R1-aaa]local-user jyt service-type telnet

[R1-aaa]q

[R1]user-interface vty 0 4

[R1-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode aaa

8、设置优先级

[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22 preference 61

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27  192.168.1.21 preference 61

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61

9、远程登录