静态路由实验要求思路过程

一、实验拓扑

二、实验需求

（1）除了R5的环回地址固定5.5.5.5/24，其他网段基于192.168.1.0/24进行合理划分。

（2）R1-R4每个路由器存在两个环回接口，模拟PC，地址也在192.168.1.0/24网络内。

（3）R1-R4不能直接编写到达5.5.5.5/24的静态路由，但依然可以访问。

（4）全网可达，尽量减少每台路由器路由条目数量，避免环路。

（5）R4与R5间，正常1000链路通信，故障时自动改为100。

三、实验过程及其原理（命令）

1、划分子网配置路由器IP与环回地址

<Huawei>sy

[Huawei]sysname R1

[R1]int g0/0/0

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.1 30

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.5 30

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0

[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.33 28

[R1-LoopBack0]int l1

[R1-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.49 28

[R1]dis ip int brief     //查看R1 IP地址//

<Huawei>SY

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

[Huawei]SYSNAME R2

[R2]int g0/0/0

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.2 30

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.9 30

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0

[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.65 28

[R2-LoopBack0]int l1

[R2-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.81 28

[R2-LoopBack1]q

[R2]dis ip int brief  //查看R2 IP地址//

<Huawei>SY

[Huawei]SYSNAME R3

[R3]int g0/0/1

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.6 30

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/0

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.13 30

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0

[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.97 28

[R3-LoopBack0]int l1

[R3-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.113 28

[R3-LoopBack1]q

[R3]dis ip int brief  //查看R3 IP地址//

<Huawei>SY

[Huawei]SYSNAME R4

[R4]int g0/0/0

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.10 30

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.14 30

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.1.17 30

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g4/0/0

[R4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.21 30

[R4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]int l0

[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.129 28

[R4-LoopBack0]int l1

[R4-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.145 28

[R4-LoopBack1]q

[R4]dis ip int brief   //查看R4 IP地址

<Huawei>SY

[Huawei]SYSNAME R5

[R5]int g0/0/0

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.18 30

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.22 30

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0

[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 5.5.5.5 24

[R5-LoopBack0]q

[R5]dis ip int brief  //查看R5 IP地址//

2、静态路由联通

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.6

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.6

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.6

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.6

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.6

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.10

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.10

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.10

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.10

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.10

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.1

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.1

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.1

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.5

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.14

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.5

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.14

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.14

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.14

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.14

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.13

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.13

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.13

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.9

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.9

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.9

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27  192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.17

3、配置缺省路由

[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2

[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10

[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.14

[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18

[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22

1. 设置防环（避免路由黑洞）

[AR1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 NULL 0

[AR2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 NULL 0

[AR3]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 NULL 0

[AR4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 NULL 0

5、设置优先级

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27  192.168.1.21 preference 61

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61

四、测试连通性