matlab人工智能算法模型、模拟退火算法

matlab

by lqx

人工智能算法模型

模拟退火算法

% 目标函数
function y = objective_function(x)
    % 在这里定义你的目标函数
    y = x^2 + sin(x);
end

% 模拟退火算法求解函数最小值
function [best_x, best_y] = simulated_annealing()
    % 初始温度和降温率
    init_temperature = 100;
    cooling_rate = 0.95;

    % 初始解
    current_x = randn(); % 随机初始化初始解
    current_y = objective_function(current_x);

    % 最优解
    best_x = current_x;
    best_y = current_y;

    % 迭代次数和温度
    max_iterations = 1000;
    temperature = init_temperature;

    % 模拟退火主循环
    for iteration = 1:max_iterations
        % 生成新的解
        new_x = current_x + randn() * temperature; % 在邻域内随机生成新解
        new_y = objective_function(new_x);

        % Metropolis条件判断
        if new_y < current_y || exp(-(new_y - current_y) / temperature) > rand()
            current_x = new_x;
            current_y = new_y;

            % 更新最优解
            if new_y < best_y
                best_x = new_x;
                best_y = new_y;
            end
        end

        % 降温
        temperature = temperature * cooling_rate;
    end
end

% 在主程序中调用模拟退火算法
[best_x, best_y] = simulated_annealing();
disp(['最优解 x: ' num2str(best_x)]);
disp(['最小值 y: ' num2str(best_y)]);

a=0.99;
t0=97;tf=3;t=t0;
Markov_length=10000;
coordinates=[1 467 575;2 25 155;3 345 750;
            4 945 890;5 845 235;6 880 567;
           7 25 230;8 525 1000;9 580 890;
         10 650 1130;11 784 620;12 1234 580];
coordinates(:,1)=[];
amount=size(coordinates,1);
dist_matrix=zeros(amount,amount);
coor_x_tmp1=coordinates(:,1)*ones(1,amount);
coor_x_tmp2=coor_x_tmp1';
coor_y_tmp1=coordinates(:,2)*ones(1,amount);
coor_y_tmp2=coor_y_tmp1';
dist_matrix=sqrt((coor_x_tmp1-coor_x_tmp2).^2+...
    (coor_y_tmp1-coor_y_tmp2).^2);
sol_new=1:amount;
E_current=inf;E_best=inf;
sol_current=sol_new;sol_best=sol_new;
p=1;
while t>tf
    for r=1:Markov_length
        if(rand<0.5)
            ind1=0;ind2=0;
            while(ind1==ind2)
                ind1=ceil(rand.*amount);
                ind2=ceil(rand.*amount);
            end
            tmp1=sol_new(ind1);
            sol_new(ind1)=sol_new(ind2);
            sol_new(ind2)=tmp1;
        else
            ind1=0;ind2=0;ind3=0;
            while(ind1==ind2)||(ind1==ind3)...
                    ||(ind2==ind3)||(abs(ind1-ind2)==1)
                ind1=ceil(rand.*amount);
                ind2=ceil(rand.*amount);
                ind3=ceil(rand.*amount);
            end
            tmp1=ind1;tmp2=ind2;tmp3=ind3;
            if(ind1<ind2)&&(ind2<ind3);
            elseif(ind1<ind3)&&(ind3<ind2)
                ind2=tmp3;ind3=tmp2;
            elseif(ind2<ind1)&&(ind1<ind3)
                ind1=tmp2;ind2=tmp1;
            elseif(ind2<ind3)&&(ind3<ind1)
                ind1=tmp2;ind2=tmp3;ind3=tmp1;
             elseif(ind3<ind1)&&(ind1<ind2)
                ind1=tmp3;ind2=tmp1;ind3=tmp2;
             elseif(ind3<ind2)&&(ind2<ind1)
                ind1=tmp3;ind2=tmp2;ind3=tmp1;
            end
            tmplist1=sol_new((ind1+1):(ind2-1));
            sol_new((ind1+1):(ind1+ind3-ind2+1))=...
                sol_new((ind2):ind3);
            sol_new((ind1+ind3-ind2+2):ind3)=tmplist1;
        end
        E_new=0;
        for i=1:(amount-1)
            E_new=E_new+...
                dist_matrix(sol_new(i),sol_new(i+1));
        end
         E_new=E_new+...
                dist_matrix(sol_new(amount),sol_new(1));
            if E_new<E_current
              E_current=E_new;
              sol_current=sol_new;
              if E_new<E_best
                  E_best=E_new;
                  sol_best=sol_new;
              end
            else
                if rand<exp(-(E_new-E_current)./t)
                    E_current=E_new;
                    sol_current=sol_new;
                else
                    sol_new=sol_current;
                end
            end
    end
    t=t.*a;
end
disp('最优解为:')
disp(sol_best)
disp('最短距离:')
disp(E_best)

%展示结果
最优解为:
     7     2     5    11     6    12     4    10     8     9     3     1

最短距离:
   3.9076e+03