matlab人工智能算法模型、粒子群算法 PSO

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-22 09:42:25 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-07-22 09:42:25 发布

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文章标签： matlab 人工智能算法

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/2302_79519348/article/details/136379658

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matlab

by lqx

人工智能算法模型

粒子群算法 PSO

在这里插入图片描述

% 定义目标函数
fitnessFunc = @(x) -x^2 + 4;

% 初始化参数
numParticles = 50;  % 粒子数量
maxIterations = 100;  % 最大迭代次数
inertiaWeight = 0.7;  % 惯性权重
cognitiveWeight = 1.2;  % 认知权重
socialWeight = 1.2;  % 社会权重

% 随机初始化粒子位置和速度
positions = rand(numParticles, 1) * 10 - 5;
velocities = zeros(numParticles, 1);

% 初始化全局最优解和对应的位置
globalBestFitness = -Inf;
globalBestPosition = zeros(numParticles, 1);  % 修改这里，初始化与 positions 相同大小的数组

% 迭代优化过程
for iter = 1:maxIterations
    % 更新粒子速度和位置
    for i = 1:numParticles
        % 更新速度
        velocities(i) = inertiaWeight * velocities(i) ...
            + cognitiveWeight * rand() * (globalBestPosition(i) - positions(i)) ...
            + socialWeight * rand() * (max(positions) - positions(i));

        % 更新位置
        positions(i) = positions(i) + velocities(i);

        % 限制位置在定义域范围内
        positions(i) = max(min(positions(i), 5), -5);

        % 计算适应度并更新全局最优解
        fitness = fitnessFunc(positions(i));
        if fitness > globalBestFitness
            globalBestFitness = fitness;
            globalBestPosition(i) = positions(i);
        end
    end

    % 显示每次迭代的结果
    disp(['迭代次数：', num2str(iter), ', 当前最大值：', num2str(globalBestFitness)]);
end

% 输出最终结果
disp('PSO 求解最大值结果：');
disp(['最大值：', num2str(globalBestFitness)]);
disp('对应位置：');
disp(num2str(globalBestPosition'));

在这里插入图片描述

function [best_path, shortest_distance] = PSO_TSP(cities, num_particles, max_iter)

    num_cities = size(cities, 1);

    % 初始化粒子群的位置和速度
    particles = zeros(num_particles, num_cities);
    velocities = zeros(num_particles, num_cities);

    % 初始化粒子的最佳位置和适应度值
    personal_best_positions = zeros(num_particles, num_cities);
    personal_best_fitness = inf(num_particles, 1);

    % 初始化全局最佳位置和适应度值
    global_best_position = zeros(1, num_cities);
    global_best_fitness = inf;

    % 随机初始化粒子位置
    for i = 1:num_particles
        particles(i, :) = randperm(num_cities);
    end

    % 开始迭代
    for iter = 1:max_iter

        % 更新粒子适应度值
        fitness_values = compute_fitness(particles, cities);

        % 更新个体最佳位置和全局最佳位置
        for i = 1:num_particles
            if fitness_values(i) < personal_best_fitness(i)
                personal_best_positions(i, :) = particles(i, :);
                personal_best_fitness(i) = fitness_values(i);
            end
            if fitness_values(i) < global_best_fitness
                global_best_position = particles(i, :);
                global_best_fitness = fitness_values(i);
            end
        end

        % 更新粒子速度和位置
        for i = 1:num_particles
            velocities(i, :) = update_velocity(particles(i, :), personal_best_positions(i, :), global_best_position);
            particles(i, :) = update_position(particles(i, :), velocities(i, :));
        end
    end

    % 返回最佳路径和最短距离
    best_path = global_best_position;
    shortest_distance = global_best_fitness;
end

% 计算路径的总长度
function distance = compute_distance(path, cities)
    num_cities = size(path, 2);
    distance = 0;
    for i = 1:num_cities-1
        current_city = path(i);
        next_city = path(i+1);
        distance = distance + norm(cities(current_city, 2:3) - cities(next_city, 2:3));
    end
    distance = distance + norm(cities(path(num_cities), 2:3) - cities(path(1), 2:3));  % 回到起点
end

% 计算粒子适应度值
function fitness_values = compute_fitness(particles, cities)
    num_particles = size(particles, 1);
    fitness_values = zeros(num_particles, 1);
    for i = 1:num_particles
        fitness_values(i) = compute_distance(particles(i, :), cities);
    end
end

% 更新粒子速度
function velocity = update_velocity(current_position, personal_best_position, global_best_position)
    w = 0.5;  % 惯性权重
    c1 = 1;   % 个体学习因子
    c2 = 1;   % 全局学习因子

    num_cities = size(current_position, 2);

    velocity = zeros(1, num_cities);

    for i = 1:num_cities
        r1 = rand();
        r2 = rand();

        cognitive_component = c1 * r1 * (personal_best_position(i) - current_position(i));
        social_component = c2 * r2 * (global_best_position(i) - current_position(i));

        velocity(i) = w * velocity(i) + cognitive_component + social_component;
    end
end

% 更新粒子位置
function new_position = update_position(current_position, velocity)
    num_cities = size(current_position, 2);
    [~, index] = sort(velocity);  % 根据速度的大小重新排列城市顺序
    new_position = current_position(index);
end

%展示结果
cities=[1 565 575;2 25 155;3 345 750;
            4 945 685;5 845 655;6 880 660;
           7 25 230;8 525 1000;9 580 1175;
         10 650 1130;11 1605 620;12 1220 580;
         13 1465 200;14 1530 5;15 845 680;
         16 725 370;17 145 665;18 415 635;
         19 510 875;20 560 365;21 300 465;
         22 520 585;23 480 415;24 835 625;
       25 975 580;26 1215 245;27 1320 315;
        28 1250 400;29 660 180;30 410 250;
       31 420 555;32 575 665;33 1150 1160;
       34 700 580;35 685 595;36 685 610;
       37 770 610;38 795 645;39 720 635;
        40 760 650;41 475 960;42 95 260;
       43 875 920;44 700 500;45 555 815;
       46 830 485;47 1170 65;48 830 610;
      49 605 625;50 595 360;51 1340 725;
      52 1740 245;];
num_cities = size(cities, 1);

num_particles = 52;  % 粒子数量
max_iter = 200;      % 最大迭代次数

[best_path, shortest_distance] = PSO_TSP(cities, num_particles, max_iter);

disp('最佳路径：');
disp(best_path);
disp('最短距离：');
disp(shortest_distance);