C 贪吃蛇小游戏 （附代码

最终效果呈现：

---

实现的基本功能：

• 贪吃蛇地图绘制

• 蛇吃食物的功能 （上、下、左、右方向键控制蛇的动作）

• 蛇撞墙死亡

• 蛇撞自己死亡

• 计算得分

• 蛇身加速、减速

• 暂停游戏

游戏的主逻辑：

程序开始就设置程序⽀持本地模式，然后进⼊游戏的主逻辑。

主逻辑分为3个过程：

• 游戏开始（GameStart）完成游戏的初始化

• 游戏运行（GameRun）完成游戏运行逻辑的实现

• 游戏结束（GameEnd）完成游戏结束的说明，实现资源释放

为了养成模块化好习惯，我们把代码分开来写

snake.h   

#pragma once
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdbool.h>
#include<time.h>
#include<windows.h>

#define POS_X 24
#define POS_Y 5

#define WALL L'□'
#define BODY L'●'
#define FOOD L'★'
//类型的声明

//蛇身的节点类型
typedef struct SnakeNode
{
	//坐标
	int x;
	int y;
	struct SnakeNode* next;

}SnakeNode,*pSnakeNode;
//typedef struct SnakeNode* pSnakeNode;

enum DIRECTION//蛇的方向
{
	UP = 1,
    DOWN,
    LEFT,
    RIGHT
};
enum GAME_STATUS//蛇的状态
{
	OK,
	KILL_BY_WALL,
	KILL_BY_SELF,
	END_NORMAL
};

//贪吃蛇
typedef struct Snake
{
	pSnakeNode _pSnake;//指向蛇头的指针
	pSnakeNode _pFood;//指向蛇头的指针
	enum DIRECTION _dir;//方向
	enum GAME_STATUS _status;//状态
	int _food_weight;//一个食物的分数
	int _score;//总成绩
	int _sleep_time;//休息时间

}Snake,*pSnake;


//函数的声明
void set_pos(short x, short y);//设置光标位置
void GameStart(pSnake ps);//游戏初始化
void WelcomeToGame();//欢迎界面的打印
void CreateMap();//创建地图
void InitSnake(pSnake ps);//初始化蛇身
void CreateFood(pSnake ps);//创建食物
void GameRun(pSnake ps);//游戏运行的逻辑
void SnakeMove(pSnake ps);//蛇的移动
int NextIsFood(pSnakeNode pn,pSnake ps);//判断下一个坐标是否是食物
void EatFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps);//是---吃掉食物
void NoFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps);//不是食物
void KillByWall(pSnake ps);//检测蛇是否撞墙
void KillBySelf(pSnake ps);//检测蛇是否撞到自己
void GameEnd(pSnake ps);//游戏善后工作

snake.c

#include"snake.h"

void SetPos(short x, short y)//设置光标位置
{
	HANDLE houtput = NULL;//获得标准输出设备句柄
	houtput = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
	//定位光标的位置
	COORD pos = { x,y };
	SetConsoleCursorPosition(houtput, pos);
}
void WelcomeToGame()
{
	SetPos(38, 12);
	wprintf(L"！欢迎来到贪吃蛇小游戏！\n");
	SetPos(38, 13);
	wprintf(L"       熊大王版本\n");
	SetPos(42, 20);
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
	SetPos(35, 12);
	wprintf(L"用↑.↓.←.→来控制蛇的移动\n");
	SetPos(35, 13);
	wprintf(L"按F3加速，F4减速\n");
	SetPos(35, 14);
	wprintf(L"加速能够得到更高的分数\n");
	SetPos(42, 20);
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}

void CreateMap()
{
	//上
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < 29; i++)
	{
		wprintf(L"%lc", WALL);
	}
	//下
	SetPos(0, 26);
	for (i = 0; i < 29; i++)
	{
		wprintf(L"%lc", WALL);
	}
	//左
	for (i = 1; i <= 25; i++)
	{
		SetPos(0, i);
		wprintf(L"%lc", WALL);
	}
	//右
	for (i = 1; i <= 25; i++)
	{
		SetPos(56, i);
		wprintf(L"%lc", WALL);
	}
}

void InitSnake(pSnake ps)
{
	int i = 0;
	pSnakeNode cur = NULL;

	for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)
	{
		cur = (pSnakeNode)malloc(sizeof(SnakeNode));
		if (cur == NULL)
		{
			perror("InitSnake()::malloc()");
			return;
		}
		cur->next = NULL;
		cur->x = POS_X + 2 * i;
		cur->y = POS_Y;

		//头插法插入链表
		if (ps->_pSnake == NULL)//空链表
		{
			ps->_pSnake = cur;
		}
		else
		{
			cur->next = ps->_pSnake;
			ps->_pSnake = cur;
		}
	}
	cur = ps->_pSnake;
	while (cur)
	{
		SetPos(cur->x, cur->y);
		wprintf(L"%lc", BODY);
		cur = cur->next;
	}
	//设置贪吃蛇的属性
	ps->_dir = RIGHT;//默认向右
	ps->_score = 0;
	ps->_food_weight = 10;
	ps->_sleep_time = 200;//ms
	ps->_status = OK;
}
void CreateFood(pSnake ps)
{
	int x = 0;
	int y = 0;
	//生成x是2的倍数
	//x:2-54
	//y:1-25
again:
	do
	{
		x = rand() % 53 + 2;
		y = rand() % 25 + 1;
	} while (x % 2 != 0);

	//x与y的坐标不能与蛇的身体坐标冲突
	pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake;
	while (cur)
	{
		if (x == cur->x && y == cur->y)
		{
			goto again;
		}
		cur = cur->next;
	}

	//创建食物节点
	pSnakeNode pFood = (pSnakeNode)malloc(sizeof(SnakeNode));
	if (pFood == NULL)
	{
		perror("CreateFood()::malloc()");
		return;
	}
	pFood->x = x;
	pFood->y = y;
	pFood->next = NULL;

	SetPos(x, y);//定位位置
	wprintf(L"%lc", FOOD);

	ps->_pFood = pFood;
}


void GameStart(pSnake ps)
{
	//1.设置窗口大小
	system("mode con cols=100 lines=30");
	system("title 贪吃蛇");

	HANDLE houtput = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);//输出句柄
	//2.光标隐藏
	
	CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO CursorInfo;//定义结构体
	GetConsoleCursorInfo(houtput, &CursorInfo);//获取控制台光标信息
	CursorInfo.bVisible = false;//可见性隐藏
	SetConsoleCursorInfo(houtput, &CursorInfo);//设置光标
	int input = 0;
	//3.打印欢迎界面
	WelcomeToGame();
	//难度选择
	//int op_input();


	//4.绘制地图
	CreateMap();
	//5.绘制蛇
	InitSnake(ps);
	//6.创建食物
	CreateFood(ps);

}
void PrintHelpInfo()
{
	SetPos(64, 14);
	wprintf(L"%ls", L"-不能穿墙，不能咬到自己");
	SetPos(64, 15);
	wprintf(L"%ls", L"-用↑.↓.←.→来控制蛇的移动");
	SetPos(64, 16);
	wprintf(L"%ls", L"-按F3加速，F4减速");
	SetPos(64, 17);
	wprintf(L"%ls", L"-按ESC退出游戏，按空格暂停游戏");
	SetPos(64, 19);
	wprintf(L"%ls", L" 熊大王 制作完成");
}

#define KEY_PRESS(vk)((GetAsyncKeyState(vk)&1)?1:0)

void Pause()
{
	while (1)
	{
		//int t=op_input();
		Sleep(1);
		if (KEY_PRESS(VK_SPACE))
		{
			break;
		}
	}
}
int NextIsFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps)
{
	return(ps->_pFood->x == pn->x && ps->_pFood->y == pn->y);
}
void EatFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps)
{
	//头插法
	ps->_pFood->next = ps->_pSnake;
	ps->_pSnake = ps->_pFood;
	//释放下一个位置的节点
	free(pn);
	pn = NULL;
	pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake;
	//打印蛇
	while (cur)
	{
		SetPos(cur->x, cur->y);
		wprintf(L"%lc", BODY);
		cur = cur->next;
	}
	ps->_score += ps->_food_weight;

	//重新创建食物
	CreateFood(ps);
}
void NoFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps)
{
	//头插法
	pn->next = ps->_pSnake;
	ps->_pSnake = pn;

	pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake;
	while (cur->next->next != NULL)
	{
		SetPos(cur->x, cur->y);
		wprintf(L"%lc", BODY);
		cur = cur->next;
	}
	//把最后一个节点打印成空格
	SetPos(cur->next->x, cur->next->y);
	printf("  ");
	//释放最后一个节点
	free(cur->next);
	//把倒数第二个节点的地址置为NULL
	cur->next = NULL;
}
void KillByWall(pSnake ps)
{
	if (ps->_pSnake->x == 0 || ps->_pSnake->x == 56 ||
		ps->_pSnake->y == 0 || ps->_pSnake->y == 26)
	{
		ps->_status = KILL_BY_WALL;
	}
}

void KillBySelf(pSnake ps)
{
	pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake->next;
	while (cur)
	{
		if (cur->x == ps->_pSnake->x && cur->y == ps->_pSnake->y)
		{
			ps->_status = KILL_BY_SELF;
			break;
		}
		cur = cur->next;
	}
}

void SnakeMove(pSnake ps)
{
	//创建一个结点，表示蛇即将到的下一个节点
	pSnakeNode pNextNode = (pSnakeNode)malloc(sizeof(SnakeNode));
	if (pNextNode == NULL)
	{
		perror("SnakeMove()::malloc()");
		return;
	}

	switch (ps->_dir)
	{
	case UP:
		pNextNode->x = ps->_pSnake->x;
		pNextNode->y = ps->_pSnake->y - 1;
		break;
	case DOWN:
		pNextNode->x = ps->_pSnake->x;
		pNextNode->y = ps->_pSnake->y + 1;
		break;
	case LEFT:
		pNextNode->x = ps->_pSnake->x - 2;
		pNextNode->y = ps->_pSnake->y;
		break;
	case RIGHT:
		pNextNode->x = ps->_pSnake->x + 2;
		pNextNode->y = ps->_pSnake->y;
		break;
	}

	//检测下一个坐标处是否是食物
	if (NextIsFood(pNextNode, ps))
	{
		EatFood(pNextNode, ps);
	}
	else
	{
		NoFood(pNextNode, ps);
	}

	//检测蛇是否撞墙
	KillByWall(ps);
	//检测蛇是否撞到自己
	KillBySelf(ps);
}

void GameRun(pSnake ps,int t)
{
	
	//打印帮助信息
	PrintHelpInfo();
	do
	{
		//打印总分数和食物的分值
		SetPos(64, 10);
		printf("总分数:%d\n", ps->_score);
		SetPos(64, 11);
		printf("当前食物的分数:%2d\n", ps->_food_weight);

		if (KEY_PRESS(VK_UP) && ps->_dir != DOWN)
		{
			ps->_dir = UP;
		}
		else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_DOWN) && ps->_dir != UP)
		{
			ps->_dir = DOWN;
		}
		else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_RIGHT) && ps->_dir != LEFT)
		{
			ps->_dir = RIGHT;
		}
		else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_LEFT) && ps->_dir != RIGHT)
		{
			ps->_dir = LEFT;
		}
		else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_SPACE))
		{
			Pause();
		}
		else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_ESCAPE))
		{
			//正常退出游戏
			ps->_status = END_NORMAL;
		}
		else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_F3))
		{
			//加速
			if (ps->_sleep_time > 80)
			{
				ps->_sleep_time -= 30;
				ps->_food_weight += 2;
			}
		}
		else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_F4))
		{
			//减速
			if (ps->_food_weight > 2)
			{
				ps->_sleep_time += 30;
				ps->_food_weight -= 2;
			}
		}
		SnakeMove(ps);

		Sleep(ps->_sleep_time);
	} while (ps->_status == OK);
}
void GameEnd(pSnake ps)
{
	SetPos(24, 12);
	switch (ps->_status)
	{
	case END_NORMAL:
		wprintf(L"您主动结束游戏\n");
		break;
	case KILL_BY_WALL:
		wprintf(L"您撞到墙上，死掉了，游戏结束\n");
		break;
	case KILL_BY_SELF:
		wprintf(L"您撞到了自己，死掉了，游戏结束\n");
		break;
	}

	//释放蛇身的链表

	pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake;
	while (cur)
	{
		pSnakeNode del = cur;
		cur = cur->next;
		free(del);
	}
}

test.c

#include"snake.h"
#include<locale.h>
void test()
{
	int ch = 0;
	do
	{
		system("cls");
		Snake snake = { 0 };

	   //初始化游戏
	  GameStart(&snake);
	  //运行游戏
	  GameRun(&snake);
	  //结束游戏
	  GameEnd(&snake);
	  SetPos(20, 15);
	  printf("还想再来一局吗？(Y/N):");
	  while (getchar() != '\n');

	 } while (ch == 'Y' || ch == 'y');
	 SetPos(0, 27); 
 }
int main()
{
	//设置适配本地环境
	setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
	srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
	test();

	return 0;
}

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