一、实验拓扑
二、实验要求
1、R6为ISP,接口IP地址均为公有地址,该设备只能配置I地址之后不能冉对其进行任何配置
2、R1-R5为局域网,私有Ip地址192.168.1.0/24,请合理分配;
3、R1、R2、R4,各有两个环回IP地址;R5,R6各有一个环回地址;所有路由器上环回均代表连接用户的接口,
4、R3下面的两台Pc通过DHCP自动获取IP地址;
5、选路最佳,路由表尽量小,避免环路;
6、R1-R5均可以访问R6的环回;
7、在R1上配置te1net服务,使R6能通过R5的公有地址te1net到R1上;
8、R4与R5正常通过1000M链路,故障时通过10gm链路;
三、实验思路
1、划分IP(划分IP的方式有多种,以下划分方式可做为参考),并给相应设备配置IP地址。
分析:纵观整个网络拓扑(包括环回网段,考虑汇总),可将192.168.1.0/24划分为6个大的网段。
(1)192.168.1.0/27----骨干链路
分析:骨干链路有6条,继续将192.168.1.0/27网段,划分成6个小网段。30位的掩码。也可保证每条链路只有两个IP地址可配,节约IP地址。
192.168.1.0/30
192.168.1.4/30
192.168.1.8/30
192.168.1.12/30
192.168.1.16/30
192.168.1.20/30
(2)192.168.1.32/27----R1环回
分析:考虑到环回地址,最后需要汇总,故为了汇总方便,可将192.168.1.32/27继续划分出两个连续的小网段,分别给两个环回口,同理R2/R4的环回划分也是一样的思想。
L0: 192.168.1.32/28
L1: 192.168.1.48/28
(3)192.168.1.64/27----R2环回
L0: 192.168.1.64/28
L1: 192.168.1.80/28
(4)192.168.1.96/27----R3
(5)192.168.1.128/27----R4环回
L0: 192.168.1.128/28
L1: 192.168.1.144/28
(6)192.168.1.160/27----R4环回
2、配置DHCP,使R3下面的两台PC通过DHCP自动获取IP地址。
3、编写除了到达1.0.0.0/24之外,到达其他网段的静态路由。
4、配置缺省路由,实现到1.0.0.0/24互通。此时实现内网通;
在R5路由器上配置nat,可用esay ip,此时实现全网通
5、做汇总,做防环,做黑洞路由配置
6、做备份,通过改变路由条目优先级实现
7、测试,观察1000Mb/s链路故障时,数据能否走100Mb/s链路。
8、R6 telnet R5的公有地址时,实际登录到R1上,在R1上配置telnet服务,通过nat server发布到R5的公网接口。
四、实验步骤
1、配置ip地址
R1:
R2:
R3:
R4:
R5:
R6:
2、配置DHCP服务
[AR3]dhcp enable
[AR3]ip pool aa
[AR3-ip-pool-aa]network 192.168.1.96 mask 27
[AR3-ip-pool-aa]gateway-list 192.168.1.97
[AR3-ip-pool-aa]dns-list 8.8.8.8
[AR3-ip-pool-aa] quit
[AR3]
[AR3]int g 0/0/2
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.1.97/ 27
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]dhcp select global
PC1配置结果:
PC2配置结果:
3、配置除了到达1.0.0.0/24之外的静态路由
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 30 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.6
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.10
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.14
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.18
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.22
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21
4、配置全网通
(1)配置缺省路由,实现到1.0.0.0/24互通。此时实现内网通
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.6
[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10
[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.14
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22
[R5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 12.0.0.6
(2)在R5路由器上配置nat
[R5]acl 2000
[R5-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[R5-acl-basic-2000]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat outbound 2000
测试全网通
5、防环,做黑洞路由配置
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 NULL 0
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 NULL 0
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 NULL 0
6、做备份
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.21 preference 61
查看路由表变化
测试是否可以通过100M/s,实现全网通:
7、R6 telnet R5的公有地址时,实际登录到R1上;
[R1-aaa]local-user wangdaye password cipher wdy12345 privilege level 15
[R1-aaa]local-user wangdaye service-type telnet
[R1]user-interface vty 0 4
[R1-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode aaa
[R5]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat server protocol tcp global current-interface 23 inside 192.168.1.1 23
Warning:The port 23 is well-known port. If you continue it may cause function fa
ilure.
Are you sure to continue?[Y/N]:y