///
/// * Transient callbacks, triggered by the system’s [Window.onBeginFrame]
/// callback, for synchronizing the application’s behavior to the system’s
/// display. For example, [Ticker]s and [AnimationController]s trigger from
/// these.
///
/// * Persistent callbacks, triggered by the system’s [Window.onDrawFrame]
/// callback, for updating the system’s display after transient callbacks have
/// executed. For example, the rendering layer uses this to drive its
/// rendering pipeline.
///
/// * Post-frame callbacks, which are run after persistent callbacks, just
/// before returning from the [Window.onDrawFrame] callback.
///
/// * Non-rendering tasks, to be run between frames. These are given a
/// priority and are executed in priority order according to a
/// [schedulingStrategy].
调度运行时的这些回调
-
Transient callbacks，由系统的[Window.onBeginFrame]回调，用于同步应用程序的行为到系统的展示。例如，[Ticker]s和[AnimationController]s触发器来自与它。
-
Persistent callbacks 由系统的[Window.onDrawFrame]方法触发回调，用于在TransientCallback执行后更新系统的展示。例如，渲染层使用他来驱动渲染管道进行build，layout，paint
-
_Post-frame callbacks_在下一帧绘制前回调，主要做一些清理和准备工作
-
Non-rendering tasks 非渲染的任务，在帧构造之间，他们具有优先级，通过[schedulingStrategy]的优先级进行执行，例如用户的输入
**总结：**FrameCallback：SchedulerBinding 类中有三个FrameCallback回调队列， 在一次绘制过程中，这三个回调队列会放在不同时机被执行：
-
transientCallbacks：用于存放一些临时回调，一般存放动画回调。可以通过
SchedulerBinding.instance.scheduleFrameCallback添加回调。 -
persistentCallbacks：用于存放一些持久的回调，不能在此类回调中再请求新的绘制帧，持久回调一经注册则不能移除。
SchedulerBinding.instance.addPersitentFrameCallback()，这个回调中处理了布局与绘制工作。 -
postFrameCallbacks：在Frame结束时只会被调用一次，调用后会被系统移除，可由
SchedulerBinding.instance.addPostFrameCallback()注册，注意，不要在此类回调中再触发新的Frame，这可以会导致循环刷新。
/// Schedules the given transient frame callback.
///
/// Adds the given callback to the list of frame callbacks and ensures that a
/// frame is scheduled.
///
/// If this is a one-off registration, ignore the rescheduling argument.
///
/// If this is a callback that will be re-registered each time it fires, then
/// when you re-register the callback, set the rescheduling argument to
/// true. This has no effect in release builds, but in debug builds, it
/// ensures that the stack trace that is stored for this callback is the
/// original stack trace for when the callback was first registered, rather
/// than the stack trace for when the callback is re-registered. This makes it
/// easier to track down the original reason that a particular callback was
/// called. If rescheduling is true, the call must be in the context of a
/// frame callback.
///
/// Callbacks registered with this method can be canceled using
/// [cancelFrameCallbackWithId].
int scheduleFrameCallback(FrameCallback callback, { bool rescheduling = false }) {
scheduleFrame();
_nextFrameCallbackId += 1;
_transientCallbacks[_nextFrameCallbackId] = _FrameCallbackEntry(callback, rescheduling: rescheduling);
return _nextFrameCallbackId;
}
调度 transient frame callback队列
添加一个callBack，确保fram绘制之前能够回调到他
void scheduleFrame() {
if (_hasScheduledFrame || !_framesEnabled)
return;
assert(() {
if (debugPrintScheduleFrameStacks)
debugPrintStack(label: ‘scheduleFrame() called. Current phase is $schedulerPhase.’);
return true;
}());
ensureFrameCallbacksRegistered();
window.scheduleFrame();
_hasScheduledFrame = true;
}
@protected
void ensureFrameCallbacksRegistered() {
window.onBeginFrame ??= _handleBeginFrame;
window.onDrawFrame ??= _handleDrawFrame;
}
赋给了window.onBeginFram方法
/// Called by the engine to prepare the framework to produce a new frame.
///
/// This function calls all the transient frame callbacks registered by
/// [scheduleFrameCallback]. It then returns, any scheduled microtasks are run
/// (e.g. handlers for any [Future]s resolved by transient frame callbacks),
/// and [handleDrawFrame] is called to continue the frame.
///
/// If the given time stamp is null, the time stamp from the last frame is
/// reused.
///
/// To have a banner shown at the start of every frame in debug mode, set
/// [debugPrintBeginFrameBanner] to true. The banner will be printed to the
/// console using [debugPrint] and will contain the frame number (which
/// increments by one for each frame), and the time stamp of the frame. If the
/// given time stamp was null, then the string “warm-up frame” is shown
/// instead of the time stamp. This allows frames eagerly pushed by the
/// framework to be distinguished from those requested by the engine in
/// response to the “Vsync” signal from the operating system.
///
/// You can also show a banner at the end of every frame by setting
/// [debugPrintEndFrameBanner] to true. This allows you to distinguish log
/// statements printed during a frame from those printed between frames (e.g.
/// in response to events or timers).
void handleBeginFrame(Duration rawTimeStamp) {
Timeline.startSync(‘Frame’, arguments: timelineWhitelistArguments);
_firstRawTimeStampInEpoch ??= rawTimeStamp;
_currentFrameTimeStamp = _adjustForEpoch(rawTimeStamp ?? _lastRawTimeStamp);
if (rawTimeStamp != null)
_lastRawTimeStamp = rawTimeStamp;
_hasScheduledFrame = false;
try {
// TRANSIENT FRAME CALLBACKS
Timeline.startSync(‘Animate’, arguments: timelineWhitelistArguments);
_schedulerPhase = SchedulerPhase.transientCallbacks;
final Map<int, _FrameCallbackEntry> callbacks = _transientCallbacks;
//调用callBack******
_transientCallbacks = <int, _FrameCallbackEntry>{};
callbacks.forEach((int id, _FrameCallbackEntry callbackEntry) {
if (!_removedIds.contains(id))
_invokeFrameCallback(callbackEntry.callback, _currentFrameTimeStamp, callbackEntry.debugStack);
//**************************callback(timeStamp);
});
_removedIds.clear();
} finally {
_schedulerPhase = SchedulerPhase.midFrameMicrotasks;
}
}
-
当框架准备构建一帧的时候由engine调用，可以猜想endgine调用的实际上是window的onBegainFrame
-
它会回调[scheduleFrameCallback]中的所有方法（包括一些future的方法），当执行完成后，系统会调用[handleDrawFrame]
/// Signature for frame-related callbacks from the scheduler.
///
/// The timeStamp is the number of milliseconds since the beginning of the
/// scheduler’s epoch. Use timeStamp to determine how far to advance animation
/// timelines so that all the animations in the system are synchronized to a
/// common time base.
typedef FrameCallback = void Function(Duration timeStamp);
callback(timeStamp);
- “时间戳”是自scheduler开始以来的毫秒数。使用时间戳来确定动画时间线要前进多远，以便系统中的所有动画都同步到一通用的时间线上。
**总结：**当每次系统绘制的之前，会回调到ui.windows的onBegainFrame，而这个onBegainFrame执行的是handleBeginFrame，将时间值回调给了每一个callback。这里注意的是，是在在绘制之前，因为我们一般在绘制之前去通过改变控件的属性值完成动画，而这个动作必须在绘制前完成。
Ticker
反向搜索谁调用了scheduleFrameCallback，发现是在Ticker中的scheduleTick，而scheduleTick有几个地方调用后面来看
/// Schedules a tick for the next frame.
///
/// This should only be called if [shouldScheduleTick] is true.
@protected
void scheduleTick({ bool rescheduling = false }) {
assert(!scheduled);
assert(shouldScheduleTick);
_animationId = SchedulerBinding.instance.scheduleFrameCallback(_tick, rescheduling: rescheduling);
}
这里发现ticker传入了一个_tick对象到scheduleFrameCallback中
void _tick(Duration timeStamp) {
assert(isTicking);
assert(scheduled);
_animationId = null;
_startTime ??= timeStamp;
_onTick(timeStamp - _startTime);
// The onTick callback may have scheduled another tick already, for
// example by calling stop then start again.
if (shouldScheduleTick)
scheduleTick(rescheduling: true);
}
final TickerCallback _onTick;
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