Dubbo学习记录(十五) - 服务调用【一】-之 服务端Netty的hander包装过程与 服务端线程模型_dispacterhander

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ExchangeHandlerAdapter

当请求到来的时候, 首先是调用received(Channel channel, Object message),然后会调用reply(ExchangeChannel channel, Object message)处理ing求,message就是请求的数据, channel则表示与客户端的长连接;
工作过程: 最终就是通过反射技术调用Method.invoke执行服务;

  1. 类型转换, 将Object转换为Invocation;
  2. 调用getInvoker获取服务提供者的执行器;(这个Invoker会被多层包装)
  3. 设置远程地址remoteAddress给RpcContext
  4. 调用执行器的invoke方法, 返回结果;
  5. 返回一个CompletionFuture实例;
private ExchangeHandler requestHandler = new ExchangeHandlerAdapter() {

        @Override
        public CompletableFuture<Object> reply(ExchangeChannel channel, Object message) throws RemotingException {
            Invocation inv = (Invocation) message;
            Invoker<?> invoker = getInvoker(channel, inv); 
			//省略部分代码
            RpcContext.getContext().setRemoteAddress(channel.getRemoteAddress());
            Result result = invoker.invoke(inv);
            return result.completionFuture().thenApply(Function.identity());
        }

        @Override
        public void received(Channel channel, Object message) throws RemotingException {
            if (message instanceof Invocation) {
                // 这是服务端接收到Invocation时的处理逻辑
                reply((ExchangeChannel) channel, message);
            } else {
                super.received(channel, message);
            }
        }
}

Exchangers.bind(url, requestHandler)

过程:

  1. 调用getExchanger(url),通过SPI机制获取Exchanger的扩展实现类, 默认的实现类是HeaderExhanger
  2. 调用bind方法启动netty;
    public static ExchangeServer bind(URL url, ExchangeHandler handler) throws RemotingException {
        // codec表示协议编码方式
        url = url.addParameterIfAbsent(Constants.CODEC_KEY, "exchange");
        // 通过url得到HeaderExchanger, 利用HeaderExchanger进行bind,将得到一个HeaderExchangeServer
        return getExchanger(url).bind(url, handler);
    }

HeaderExchanger#bind(Url, hander)

工作:

  1. 首先会传进来的ExchangeHandlerAdapter实例handler进行包装, 包装为HeaderExchangerHandler;
  2. 再对HeaderExchangerHandler包装为DecodeHandler的实例;
  3. 调用Transporters#bind方法创建一个NettyServer,
  4. 将NettyServer实例包装为HeaderExchangerServer; 返回;
    @Override
    public ExchangeServer bind(URL url, ExchangeHandler handler) throws RemotingException {

        // 下面会去启动Netty
        // 对handler包装了两层,表示当处理一个请求时,每层Handler负责不同的处理逻辑
        // 为什么在connect和bind时都是DecodeHandler,解码,解的是把InputStream解析成RpcInvocation对象
        return new HeaderExchangeServer(Transporters.bind(url, new DecodeHandler(new HeaderExchangeHandler(handler))));
    }

Transporters.bind(url, handlers)

工作流程:

  1. 如果bind了多个handler,那么当有一个连接过来时,会循环每个handler去处理连接
  2. 调用getTransport()方法通过SPI机制获取一个Transporter实例, 默认情况下是NettyTransporter实例;
  3. 调用NettyTransport#bind方法,创建一个nettyServer;
    public static Server bind(URL url, ChannelHandler... handlers) throws RemotingException {
		//....

        // 
        ChannelHandler handler;
        if (handlers.length == 1) {
            handler = handlers[0];
        } else {
            handler = new ChannelHandlerDispatcher(handlers);
        }
        // 调用NettyTransporter去绑定,Transporter表示网络传输层
        return getTransporter().bind(url, handler);
    }


NettyTransporter#bind(url, listener)

创建Nettyserver实例;

public class NettyTransporter implements Transporter {

    public static final String NAME = "netty";

    @Override
    public Server bind(URL url, ChannelHandler listener) throws RemotingException {
        return new NettyServer(url, listener);
    }

    @Override
    public Client connect(URL url, ChannelHandler listener) throws RemotingException {
        return new NettyClient(url, listener);
    }

}


NettyServer(URL url, ChannelHandler handler)
  1. 调用ChannerHandlers.wrap方法包装DecoderHandler实例;
  2. 调用父类构造方法;
public class NettyServer extends AbstractServer implements Server {
    private Map<String, Channel> channels;

    private ServerBootstrap bootstrap;

	private io.netty.channel.Channel channel;

    private EventLoopGroup bossGroup;
    private EventLoopGroup workerGroup;

    public NettyServer(URL url, ChannelHandler handler) throws RemotingException {
        super(url, ChannelHandlers.wrap(handler, ExecutorUtil.setThreadName(url, SERVER_THREAD_POOL_NAME)));
    }

ChannelHandlers.wrap(ChannelHandler handler, URL url)
  1. 调用ChannelHandlers#getInstance()方法获取单例ChannelHandlers, 使用的是饿汉式;
  2. 调用wrapInternal(handler, url) 包装DecoderHandler实例handler:
    public static ChannelHandler wrap(ChannelHandler handler, URL url) {
        return ChannelHandlers.getInstance().wrapInternal(handler, url);
    }

ChannelHandlers#wrapInternal(handler, url)

工作流程:

  1. 通过Spi机制调用将DecoderHandler实例包装为AllChannelHandler实例;
  2. 再将AllChannelHandler包装为MultiMessageHandler实例;
public class ChannelHandlers {
    // 单例模式
    private static ChannelHandlers INSTANCE = new ChannelHandlers();

    protected ChannelHandlers() {
    }

    public static ChannelHandler wrap(ChannelHandler handler, URL url) {
        return ChannelHandlers.getInstance().wrapInternal(handler, url);
    }

    protected static ChannelHandlers getInstance() {
        return INSTANCE;
    }

    static void setTestingChannelHandlers(ChannelHandlers instance) {
        INSTANCE = instance;
    }

    protected ChannelHandler wrapInternal(ChannelHandler handler, URL url) {
        // 先通过ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(Dispatcher.class).getAdaptiveExtension().dispatch(handler, url)
        // 得到一个AllChannelHandler(handler, url)
        // 然后把AllChannelHandler包装成HeartbeatHandler,HeartbeatHandler包装成MultiMessageHandler
        // 所以当Netty接收到一个数据时,会经历MultiMessageHandler--->HeartbeatHandler---->AllChannelHandler
        // 而AllChannelHandler会调用handler
        return new MultiMessageHandler(new HeartbeatHandler(ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(Dispatcher.class)
                .getAdaptiveExtension().dispatch(handler, url)));
    }
}


这里Dispacter涉及到服务端的线程模型, 标记

AbstractServer(URL url, ChannelHandler handler)

创建NettyServer实例会将调用父类构造方法, 父类式AbstractServer, 抽象类;
工作流程:

  1. 调用父类的构造方法, 将handler赋值给父类AbstractPeer的handler属性;
  2. 获取本地地址localAddress;
  3. 获取服务绑定的IP;
  4. 获取服务绑定的端口号;
  5. 创建InetSocketAddress实例, 用来创建Socke连接的构造参数;
  6. 调用doOpen()启动netty;
public AbstractServer(URL url, ChannelHandler handler) throws RemotingException {
        super(url, handler);
        localAddress = getUrl().toInetSocketAddress();

        String bindIp = getUrl().getParameter(Constants.BIND_IP_KEY, getUrl().getHost());
        int bindPort = getUrl().getParameter(Constants.BIND_PORT_KEY, getUrl().getPort());
        if (url.getParameter(ANYHOST_KEY, false) || NetUtils.isInvalidLocalHost(bindIp)) {
            bindIp = ANYHOST_VALUE;
        }
        bindAddress = new InetSocketAddress(bindIp, bindPort);
        this.accepts = url.getParameter(ACCEPTS_KEY, DEFAULT_ACCEPTS);
        this.idleTimeout = url.getParameter(IDLE_TIMEOUT_KEY, DEFAULT_IDLE_TIMEOUT);
        try {
            doOpen();
            if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
                logger.info("Start " + getClass().getSimpleName() + " bind " + getBindAddress() + ", export " + getLocalAddress());
            }
        } catch (Throwable t) {
           //....
        }
//...
    }


AbstractEndpoint(url, handler)

调用父类构造方法, 设置编码方式, 设置服务提供者的超时时间, 设置创建连接的超时时间。

    public AbstractEndpoint(URL url, ChannelHandler handler) {
        super(url, handler);
        this.codec = getChannelCodec(url);
        this.timeout = url.getPositiveParameter(TIMEOUT_KEY, DEFAULT_TIMEOUT);
        this.connectTimeout = url.getPositiveParameter(Constants.CONNECT_TIMEOUT_KEY, Constants.DEFAULT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT);
    }

AbstractPeer(URL url, ChannelHandler handler)

将handler保存起来;

public abstract class AbstractPeer implements Endpoint, ChannelHandler {

    private final ChannelHandler handler;
    private volatile URL url;
    private volatile boolean closing;
    private volatile boolean closed;
    public AbstractPeer(URL url, ChannelHandler handler) {
        this.url = url;
        this.handler = handler;
    }

NettyServer#doOpen()

上面过程中,调用new NettyServer, 会将MultiMessageHandler赋值给NettyServer的Handler属性;
因此,NettyServer另一种身份是一个MultiMessageHandler:
工作流程:

  1. 创建ServerBootstrap服务端;
  2. 创建工作线程组,IO事件线程组;
  3. 创建NettyServerHandler, 将this传进去, 即传了一个MultiMessageHandler,包装为一个NettyServerHandler实例;
  4. 服务端参数的设置;
@Override
    protected void doOpen() throws Throwable {
        bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();

        bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1, new DefaultThreadFactory("NettyServerBoss", true));
        workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(getUrl().getPositiveParameter(IO_THREADS_KEY, Constants.DEFAULT_IO_THREADS),
                new DefaultThreadFactory("NettyServerWorker", true));

        final NettyServerHandler nettyServerHandler = new NettyServerHandler(getUrl(), this);
        channels = nettyServerHandler.getChannels();

        bootstrap.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
                .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                .childOption(ChannelOption.TCP_NODELAY, Boolean.TRUE)
                .childOption(ChannelOption.SO_REUSEADDR, Boolean.TRUE)
                .childOption(ChannelOption.ALLOCATOR, PooledByteBufAllocator.DEFAULT)
                .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<NioSocketChannel>() {
                    @Override
                    protected void initChannel(NioSocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                        // FIXME: should we use getTimeout()?
                        int idleTimeout = UrlUtils.getIdleTimeout(getUrl());
                        NettyCodecAdapter adapter = new NettyCodecAdapter(getCodec(), getUrl(), NettyServer.this);
                        ch.pipeline()//.addLast("logging",new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))//for debug
                                .addLast("decoder", adapter.getDecoder())
                                .addLast("encoder", adapter.getEncoder())
                                .addLast("server-idle-handler", new IdleStateHandler(0, 0, idleTimeout, MILLISECONDS))
                                .addLast("handler", nettyServerHandler);
                    }
                });
        // bind
        ChannelFuture channelFuture = bootstrap.bind(getBindAddress());
        channelFuture.syncUninterruptibly();
        channel = channelFuture.channel();

    }

服务端Netty的hander包装过程总结

  1. ExchangeHandlerAdapter的requestHandler实例包装为HeaderExchangerhandler
  2. 将HandlerExchangerHandler实例包装为Decodehandler;
  3. 将DecodeHandler实例包装为AllChannelHandler;
  4. 将AllChannelHandler实例包装为MultiMessageHandler实例;
  5. 将MultiMessageHandler实例包装为NettyServerHandler;
  6. 最终将NettyServerHandler绑定到PipeLine种的handler处理器;

服务端线程模型

涉及的过程是 : 将DecodeHandler包装为AllChannelhandler的过程;

    protected ChannelHandler wrapInternal(ChannelHandler handler, URL url) {
        return new MultiMessageHandler(new HeartbeatHandler(ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(Dispatcher.class)
                .getAdaptiveExtension().dispatch(handler, url)));
    }

通过SPI机制获取Dispatcher的扩展实现类,

@SPI(AllDispatcher.NAME)
public interface Dispatcher {

    /\*\*
 \* dispatch the message to threadpool.
 \*
 \* @param handler
 \* @param url
 \* @return channel handler
 \*/
    @Adaptive({Constants.DISPATCHER_KEY, "dispather", "channel.handler"})
    // The last two parameters are reserved for compatibility with the old configuration
    ChannelHandler dispatch(ChannelHandler handler, URL url);

}

默认使用AllDispatcher#dispatch方法;

AllDispatcher #dispatch(handler, url)

创建AllChannelHandler实例, 包装了一个handler;

public class AllDispatcher implements Dispatcher {

    public static final String NAME = "all";

    @Override
    public ChannelHandler dispatch(ChannelHandler handler, URL url) {
        return new AllChannelHandler(handler, url);
    }

}


AllChannelHandler

当netty接收到数据后,会调用received方法

img
img

网上学习资料一大堆,但如果学到的知识不成体系,遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止,不再深入研究,那么很难做到真正的技术提升。

需要这份系统化的资料的朋友,可以添加戳这里获取

一个人可以走的很快,但一群人才能走的更远!不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人,都欢迎加入我们的的圈子(技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导),让我们一起学习成长!

{
return new AllChannelHandler(handler, url);
}

}


##### AllChannelHandler


当netty接收到数据后,会调用received方法





[外链图片转存中...(img-Iu6HAGuO-1715744560750)]
[外链图片转存中...(img-XX8iKggC-1715744560751)]

**网上学习资料一大堆,但如果学到的知识不成体系,遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止,不再深入研究,那么很难做到真正的技术提升。**

**[需要这份系统化的资料的朋友,可以添加戳这里获取](https://bbs.csdn.net/topics/618668825)**


**一个人可以走的很快,但一群人才能走的更远!不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人,都欢迎加入我们的的圈子(技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导),让我们一起学习成长!**

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