异步方法中取消异步操作

1、在异步方法中取消异步操作，第一步必须声明CancellationToken和CancellationTokenSource两个类对象，并将两个类通过 CancellationTokenSource 对象的token属性关联；

CancellationTokenSource cts = new CancellationTokenSource();
CancellationToken token = cts.Token; //将CancellationTokenSource cts对象与CancellationToken token对象关联

2 、通过调用CancellationTokenSource的Cancel()方法使异步方法中或异步方法中的await表达式中的CancellationToken的IsCancellationRequested属性为True，从而终止异步方法或异步方法中的await表达式的执行。

 public async Task RunAsync(CancellationToken ct)//异步方法中多了CancellationToken类类型的形参
        {
            if(ct.IsCancellationRequested)
            {
                return;
            }
            await Task.Run(() => CycleMethod(ct), ct);//public static Task Run(Action action, CancellationToken cancellationToken); Action是一个无参数无返回值的委托，为什么CycleMethod方法明明是一个有参数的委托
        }                                             //确能够在Run中使用

3、异步方法或异步方法中的await表达式都包含一个CancellationToken类型的形参，只要程序调用CancellationTokenSource类的Cancel()方法，异步方法和await表达式中的方法检测到CancellationToken的IsCancellationRequested属性为True都会终止。

程序一：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace _CancellationToken
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            CancellationTokenSource cts = new CancellationTokenSource();
            CancellationToken token = cts.Token;        //将CancellationTokenSource cts对象与CancellationToken token对象关联
            MyClass mc = new MyClass();
            Task t = mc.RunAsync(token);
            Thread.Sleep(3000);//等待3秒
            cts.Cancel();
            t.Wait();
            Console.WriteLine("Was Cancelled: {0}",token.IsCancellationRequested);
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }
    class MyClass
    {
        public async Task RunAsync(CancellationToken ct)//异步方法中多了CancellationToken类类型的形参
        {
            if(ct.IsCancellationRequested)
            {
                return;
            }
            await Task.Run(() => CycleMethod(ct), ct);//public static Task Run(Action action, CancellationToken cancellationToken); Action是一个无参数无返回值的委托，为什么CycleMethod方法明明是一个有参数的委托
        }                                             //确能够在Run中使用

        void  CycleMethod(CancellationToken ct)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Starting CycleMethod");
            const int Max = 5;
            for (int i = 0; i < Max; i++)
			{
                if (ct.IsCancellationRequested)
                {
                    return;
                }
                Thread.Sleep(1000);
                Console.WriteLine("   {0} of {1} iterations completed",i+1,Max);
			}
        }
    }
}

程序二：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace Process
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        CancellationTokenSource _cancellationTokenSource;
        CancellationToken _cancellationToken;
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
        }
       

        private async  void btnprocess_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            btnprocess.Enabled = false;
            _cancellationTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();
            _cancellationToken = new CancellationToken();
            _cancellationToken = _cancellationTokenSource.Token;                 //使_cancellationTokenSource对象和_cancellationToken对象关联

            int completedPercent = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
            {
                if (_cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
                {
                    break;
                }
                try                                                              //异步方法中的await表达式异常处理
                {
                    await Task.Delay(500, _cancellationToken);                    //await Task.Delay(50); 效果一样
                    //Thread.Sleep(1000);
                    completedPercent = (i+1)*10;
                }
                catch (TaskCanceledException ex)
                {
                    completedPercent = i * 10;
                }
                progressBar1.Value = (i+1) * 10;                                 //设置进度条的值
                this.textBox1.Text = progressBar1.Value.ToString();              //Text文档中显示进度条的进度值
            }
            string message = _cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested ? string.Format("Process was canceled at {0}%", completedPercent) : "Process completed normally";
            MessageBox.Show(message,"Completion Status");
            progressBar1.Value = 0;
            btnprocess.Enabled = true;
            btnCancel.Enabled = true;
        }

        private void btnCancel_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (!btnprocess.Enabled)
            {
                btnCancel.Enabled = false;
                _cancellationTokenSource.Cancel();                             //调用CancellationTokenSource中的Cancel方法使CancellationToken中的IsCancellationRequested为True ,设备中的急停响应按钮
                this.textBox1.Text = "";
            }
        }
    }
}