Python实现将DataFrame数据缩放到[-1, 1]之间

最新推荐文章于 2023-04-19 16:58:34 发布

AIHUBEI

最新推荐文章于 2023-04-19 16:58:34 发布

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分类专栏：数据分析库pandas 文章标签： python 归一化标准化

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(9月30号(组内)–数据归一化和数据缩放)

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
print(pd.__version__)
print(np.__version__)

1.2.4
1.18.1

data = pd.read_csv('./datasets1/w.csv')
data.head(10)

	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	...	70	71	72	73	74	75	76	77	78	79
0	1.074976	-0.003486	0.839053	1.485935	-2.858121	1.175112	2.614724	-1.222037	0.476598	-0.208861	...	0.265163	-0.363689	-3.042703	-0.907601	2.724422	1.221209	5.947392	-4.354801	-1.471333	-0.221861
1	0.814110	-1.636881	-4.191376	0.891047	-4.915199	0.317079	-9.022981	-1.212370	-2.257998	-2.314671	...	-2.883088	1.001981	1.610552	6.160359	23.115589	46.653755	36.221663	6.660348	-2.705406	-1.056590
2	-1.309104	-0.762842	-0.368289	-1.136761	0.459684	-0.726486	-2.576024	0.274313	-1.384139	-1.414629	...	-1.133207	0.379681	1.998516	1.429552	2.993371	-0.437239	-13.876722	1.568181	-1.017487	1.128416
3	3.716894	-2.073762	0.177301	0.657652	-4.154504	0.690479	-0.180463	-0.807391	1.227983	4.547871	...	-0.238167	0.107303	-5.691646	-0.234746	-37.402231	-19.824591	-17.335562	7.737781	1.738623	0.148997
4	0.842328	1.981479	2.932353	-1.230799	2.058350	3.628933	9.165882	3.829872	5.239718	7.922007	...	4.610070	-1.358643	-3.528733	-9.755852	-23.324950	14.262729	21.444213	-11.731778	2.287433	-1.618104
5	-3.727015	0.841157	-0.450315	-0.259026	0.852272	-0.389883	-2.093282	-1.504028	-1.748202	-3.250632	...	-0.657490	-0.601560	-0.877620	-0.434384	12.341223	4.692496	6.283854	-1.302435	-0.859832	-0.277448
6	-7.263618	-2.513405	0.042573	-3.090969	6.005198	-1.519355	-9.510431	-3.601906	-5.093238	-10.162780	...	-3.160213	-0.954064	-2.662063	2.188712	1.099265	4.122398	-49.598500	8.121619	-2.904279	-0.183774
7	-0.655134	3.430281	0.156666	-0.105399	-9.913015	4.212342	4.363580	-5.440911	-1.933580	-1.237955	...	1.462460	-0.012792	-5.921198	-0.886514	-10.332600	28.198901	22.906476	-12.097801	-0.449765	0.169355
8	5.451550	-0.005227	-1.217337	2.673751	-2.888979	0.667010	-0.909368	-2.873634	0.289725	-0.234682	...	-0.233804	0.088940	0.987045	1.794845	-2.226260	11.381641	5.099669	3.634347	-0.961769	-0.806350
9	-1.202131	2.486563	-1.730183	0.005607	0.785769	-0.230718	-0.424270	2.432548	-0.438258	0.780148	...	-1.230981	1.099252	7.651658	0.280454	36.548197	21.848391	17.215325	-6.232871	-2.030869	-0.312056

10 rows × 80 columns

data.info()

<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
RangeIndex: 15 entries, 0 to 14
Data columns (total 80 columns):
 #   Column  Non-Null Count  Dtype  
---  ------  --------------  -----  
 0   0       15 non-null     float64
 1   1       15 non-null     float64
 2   2       15 non-null     float64
 3   3       15 non-null     float64
 4   4       15 non-null     float64
 5   5       15 non-null     float64
 6   6       15 non-null     float64
 7   7       15 non-null     float64
 8   8       15 non-null     float64
 9   9       15 non-null     float64
 10  10      15 non-null     float64
 11  11      15 non-null     float64
 12  12      15 non-null     float64
 13  13      15 non-null     float64
 14  14      15 non-null     float64
 15  15      15 non-null     float64
 16  16      15 non-null     float64
 17  17      15 non-null     float64
 18  18      15 non-null     float64
 19  19      15 non-null     float64
 20  20      15 non-null     float64
 21  21      15 non-null     float64
 22  22      15 non-null     float64
 23  23      15 non-null     float64
 24  24      15 non-null     float64
 25  25      15 non-null     float64
 26  26      15 non-null     float64
 27  27      15 non-null     float64
 28  28      15 non-null     float64
 29  29      15 non-null     float64
 30  30      15 non-null     float64
 31  31      15 non-null     float64
 32  32      15 non-null     float64
 33  33      15 non-null     float64
 34  34      15 non-null     float64
 35  35      15 non-null     float64
 36  36      15 non-null     float64
 37  37      15 non-null     float64
 38  38      15 non-null     float64
 39  39      15 non-null     float64
 40  40      15 non-null     float64
 41  41      15 non-null     float64
 42  42      15 non-null     float64
 43  43      15 non-null     float64
 44  44      15 non-null     float64
 45  45      15 non-null     float64
 46  46      15 non-null     float64
 47  47      15 non-null     float64
 48  48      15 non-null     float64
 49  49      15 non-null     float64
 50  50      15 non-null     float64
 51  51      15 non-null     float64
 52  52      15 non-null     float64
 53  53      15 non-null     float64
 54  54      15 non-null     float64
 55  55      15 non-null     float64
 56  56      15 non-null     float64
 57  57      15 non-null     float64
 58  58      15 non-null     float64
 59  59      15 non-null     float64
 60  60      15 non-null     float64
 61  61      15 non-null     float64
 62  62      15 non-null     float64
 63  63      15 non-null     float64
 64  64      15 non-null     float64
 65  65      15 non-null     float64
 66  66      15 non-null     float64
 67  67      15 non-null     float64
 68  68      15 non-null     float64
 69  69      15 non-null     float64
 70  70      15 non-null     float64
 71  71      15 non-null     float64
 72  72      15 non-null     float64
 73  73      15 non-null     float64
 74  74      15 non-null     float64
 75  75      15 non-null     float64
 76  76      15 non-null     float64
 77  77      15 non-null     float64
 78  78      15 non-null     float64
 79  79      15 non-null     float64
dtypes: float64(80)
memory usage: 9.5 KB

数据缩放到正负一之间

$X^* = \frac{X-X_{mean}}{X_{max}-X_{min}}\tag{公式1}$

def Normalization2(x):
    return [(float(i)-np.mean(x))/(max(x)-min(x)) for i in x]

# 测试，列名为“0”这一列
t_data = Normalization2(data['0'])
t_data

[0.0954620096856625,
 0.07494589176462581,
 -0.09203689492770001,
 0.30323893142818004,
 0.07716519135231255,
 -0.28219644517738646,
 -0.5603368969345708,
 -0.040604595646980116,
 0.4396631030654293,
 -0.08362385060824615,
 -0.10378737454709573,
 0.0963441478756865,
 0.3003167867071007,
 -0.10740971005406814,
 -0.11714029398294994]

# 更加直接的方法，作用于整个dataframe.
data_t = (data-data.mean())/(data.max()-data.min())
data_t['0']

0     0.095462
1     0.074946
2    -0.092037
3     0.303239
4     0.077165
5    -0.282196
6    -0.560337
7    -0.040605
8     0.439663
9    -0.083624
10   -0.103787
11    0.096344
12    0.300317
13   -0.107410
14   -0.117140
Name: 0, dtype: float64

data.columns

Index(['0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '10', '11', '12',
       '13', '14', '15', '16', '17', '18', '19', '20', '21', '22', '23', '24',
       '25', '26', '27', '28', '29', '30', '31', '32', '33', '34', '35', '36',
       '37', '38', '39', '40', '41', '42', '43', '44', '45', '46', '47', '48',
       '49', '50', '51', '52', '53', '54', '55', '56', '57', '58', '59', '60',
       '61', '62', '63', '64', '65', '66', '67', '68', '69', '70', '71', '72',
       '73', '74', '75', '76', '77', '78', '79'],
      dtype='object')

# 通过for循环，遍历dataframe的每一列
for i in [data[x] for x in data.columns]:
    print(Normalization2(i))

[0.0954620096856625, 0.07494589176462581, -0.09203689492770001, 0.30323893142818004, 0.07716519135231255, -0.28219644517738646, -0.5603368969345708, -0.040604595646980116, 0.4396631030654293, -0.08362385060824615, -0.10378737454709573, 0.0963441478756865, 0.3003167867071007, -0.10740971005406814, -0.11714029398294994]
[-0.018651633593909346, -0.2934634361047084, -0.14641012383257707, -0.3669667411250456, 0.31531029187083515, 0.12345594942614678, -0.440934852872986, 0.559065147127014, -0.018944584676377666, 0.4002885388719356, -0.04056174229395395, -0.23492649467848806, 0.33469088267620284, -0.3557193687374587, 0.1837681679433706]
[0.11807202263716979, -0.5880790924765349, -0.05140975632535379, 0.025177923374245997, 0.4119209075234651, -0.06292420662055274, 0.006265378332370588, 0.022281316091759967, -0.17059568585778243, -0.24258680374139055, 0.1944972584145445, 0.08990310844127435, 0.09299230880774284, -0.022370350759034423, 0.1768556721580757]
[0.273545148805581, 0.17035056217752478, -0.18141112030322668, 0.12986391442787462, -0.1977237849355327, -0.029151275164435487, -0.5204055557446567, -0.00250179098673849, 0.47959444425534337, 0.016754282606351544, 0.023312580511258212, 0.08608395280659432, 0.17997633350753642, -0.26876665151231177, -0.15952104045116253]
[-0.1750750842354743, -0.3024279222562034, 0.030328832632046915, -0.2553335928862844, 0.12930153830677635, 0.054633738868313075, 0.3736492042475062, -0.6118405798399768, -0.17698550661319498, 0.05051661710084581, 0.31368335096654254, 0.04087743168613927, 0.014663015840613473, 0.3881594201600231, 0.12584953602232707]
[0.14525011369311228, 0.030140747959287815, -0.10985861760469667, 0.08023414818567107, 0.4744422396706293, -0.06470171969925173, -0.2162259607631062, 0.5527094126680133, 0.07708564541455508, -0.04334898526724487, -0.44729058733198673, -0.053916947033013585, -0.028691017226122984, -0.43200453145103, 0.036176058785183984]
[0.13294271603093574, -0.4901837748533066, -0.1449894731034001, -0.0167221082444444, 0.4837163234183803, -0.11914163842508926, -0.5162836765816197, 0.22658299576029448, -0.05575041750064186, -0.029776452069988097, 0.035843814825929125, -0.040830508784762534, 0.3932339466987403, -0.08074501707992186, 0.22210326990889467]
[-0.10591659173132446, -0.10487385731398467, 0.05548832878123288, -0.06119049044613144, 0.43901134112842616, -0.13633375304363565, -0.3626229402762423, -0.5609886588715738, -0.2840673691804953, 0.28828790862539405, 0.06831770213778311, -0.23771875788502445, 0.3702397671256105, 0.23564982286595523, 0.39671754808400983]
[0.04259005516781018, -0.2220579572340831, -0.13748780963112445, 0.11530734386950287, 0.5035539912164828, -0.1727210541996659, -0.49644600878351725, -0.19066152907098777, 0.024504945785836587, -0.04594761886812394, 0.048170234136735345, -0.05706876805337474, 0.36601282678148706, 0.02716860645991076, 0.19508274242311163]
[-0.010566789537404682, -0.12700777284164283, -0.07723983751910231, 0.25245714399947095, 0.4390303057442276, -0.17876178918276425, -0.5609696942557724, -0.06747061205455973, -0.011994546926142423, 0.044120562369823924, 0.05377111189686795, -0.11319598877040499, 0.2791917112058251, -0.1275382342816854, 0.20617443015326356]
[-0.03139159912860769, -0.39930001497907985, -0.10798184882770286, 0.22092279806917753, 0.599883218583689, -0.1316979870778773, -0.37612198267368585, -0.40011678141631096, -0.31794676367180696, -0.11651371332642364, 0.2955968640913949, -0.03970488101744692, 0.3485465373819219, 0.14818143697675215, 0.3076447170160066]
[-0.41656756598872213, 0.4839492171815165, -0.013968925428554192, 0.5834324340112779, 0.20550260163239872, -0.07652059109912948, -0.32008384112654403, 0.03456134165719146, 0.12860046456753677, 0.3287179229685101, -0.3686997409316426, -0.220788674656828, -0.11330007426577132, -0.21025412708643634, -0.02458044143480328]
[-0.15773016953021593, -0.194432617282208, 0.14288944706857656, -0.43512783248403675, 0.5207319369341269, 0.09529116582268524, 0.35428766000067147, -0.06420825410703951, -0.47926806306587316, 0.39867225798713873, 0.03752371327741998, -0.2778512535699131, -0.13843843243174295, -0.10144142070959487, 0.2991018620900053]
[0.2547642811799109, -0.02199265676676721, -0.06458739651161104, 0.15376976755766536, 0.2268307213620084, -0.03157896478488823, 0.4122985194855246, 0.5150472912900831, 0.062009257875765, -0.3570735068538113, -0.16427939611142597, 0.1392304453374128, -0.48495270870991697, -0.4094452534931545, -0.23004040085679495]
[-0.09535064768368941, 0.030851909076253077, 0.057235116921884446, -0.13799771690791993, -0.05143460759887335, 0.14315316949806922, 0.5107267894528633, -0.48927321054713674, -0.2614807778291097, -0.08374097341344931, 0.14909451477468633, -0.011260036544755133, -0.1779575866455624, 0.2809568176486633, 0.13647723979807644]
[0.3356432026396113, 0.10818098771295888, -0.18931939161917608, 0.5325830882904882, -0.158444473942931, -0.060802583805568314, -0.3378191932647196, 0.07765881989004021, -0.0723864548299227, -0.4674169117095117, 0.3039785204188708, 0.039607932692008525, -0.03912962234107596, -0.09475090953870059, 0.02241698940762816]
[0.07802400676663838, -0.04608230785492175, -0.16735718884857953, 0.22395772385617171, 0.4412782659307077, -0.03755352458210628, -0.005615001171720831, -0.10076968704966777, -0.02755430634999025, -0.5587217340692924, -0.010469870079106816, 0.24233486179589528, 0.2463748376313888, -0.12466334548554288, -0.1531827304898733]
[-0.007671900506918196, -0.21932583186229315, -0.11505804796710724, 0.11763137843461972, 0.3157087617978538, -0.0600272548651006, -0.4536047213392952, -0.14293357183571267, -0.19655592685236545, -0.1475604823568142, 0.07745229701079787, -0.013281350748066353, 0.5463952786607048, 0.07300370089013485, 0.22582767153956193]
[0.00578190201944274, -0.1674780721559564, 0.00385415896725352, 0.017225771999830462, 0.38116684472361173, -0.12512719305974743, -0.6174805730930921, -0.07759207086440618, -0.18876893056475788, 0.26147978133676425, -0.05805880227258002, -0.25135316395087526, 0.38251942690690777, 0.16385599562170278, 0.26997492438590204]
[0.058989054421988554, 0.2437757754223011, 0.08084780903556804, -0.06867736228633414, 0.023679702420501568, 0.18631722361253597, 0.4879666809329577, -0.4944818278796223, -0.5120333190670423, -0.1227285994657709, 0.09164975138436397, -0.024379225802165894, -0.17317316696299098, 0.19426130433366604, 0.02798619990004339]
[0.0941221828462217, -0.06739252100027456, -0.05099573332647529, 0.25927561165092894, 0.5469626650665167, -0.1215361087539277, -0.34732454505486593, -0.4530373349334833, -0.4108229815773888, -0.023581895131204945, 0.2510875363654007, -0.266988248530425, 0.068762538033604, 0.020268504895789248, 0.5012003294495841]
[-0.09194422575076823, -0.0009893485464103232, -0.0607271925969748, 0.054158628326318105, 0.23777398870899294, 0.12497560585401112, 0.041194360427421486, 0.08865891914987749, -0.6119190937312157, -0.12307040045368052, -0.08302379410825857, -0.03762074698326905, 0.08911298679124974, -0.014660593356078009, 0.38808090626878433]
[0.04023777348545279, 0.0013430671623419874, -0.21192185226552798, 0.4082740022076668, 0.34643562684742524, -0.056365477404182684, 0.011510962144152648, 0.4883525517149904, 0.18899121778517897, -0.44293430652193205, -0.3206397052330434, 0.25819529078144876, -0.1109202680177146, -0.5116474482850095, -0.08891143440124756]
[0.2604274975650004, 0.173875314311839, -0.06509461555178758, -0.08002013669481862, -0.6603891136708663, 0.1686943454187627, -0.1607841688289463, -0.11765256822194482, 0.17502859233113288, -0.19412532498194207, 0.33961088632913383, -0.005398322872786878, 0.17641434421897237, 0.14665602713362094, -0.1572427564853694]
[0.2190472742983262, 0.06589815103179442, -0.05610377172859049, -0.21302995124244795, 0.19642086393474367, 0.21370247703443992, 0.6184474361886783, 0.14220898540574098, 0.13387416382749093, -0.3815525638113216, -0.1836952380906788, 0.16864086001894027, -0.37807111855046416, -0.21861509820104622, -0.3271724701156055]
[0.037887099975712726, -0.5129566620937166, -0.10128649482145291, 0.048481771446843076, 0.4870433379062834, -0.04730360238846252, 0.2067031197295866, -0.019690015063348568, -0.12013116873265794, -0.2581483679234632, 0.17155215109811828, 0.132223168060494, -0.09394487078317233, 0.0031793277742223854, 0.06639120581501343]
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[0.030378956450111863, 0.3061199787070206, 0.03401583939641546, -0.5122366054210774, -0.32187555697079706, 0.16042284520994946, 0.008402656022544782, -0.1461855676740116, -0.03656699999727361, 0.4877633945789226, 0.07983514275781606, -0.13165981299580903, -0.04599592191902723, 0.18455252709852693, -0.0969708752433118]
[0.010950465587719903, 0.5149959135595522, -0.007448977080454635, -0.2225394199370087, 0.15563790351660256, 0.04946219898060115, 0.043137324389949, 0.3102509418313955, 0.12367405247470081, 0.23979604341606717, -0.4850040864404478, -0.1598427201092059, -0.08396523930972395, -0.40411997749246054, -0.08498442338728697]
[0.05050875107125828, 0.36288234573680783, -0.15403885431292902, -0.1897275779360269, 0.21040682706154087, 0.05398040970451997, -0.5226204736243677, 0.22549462999768408, 0.04176184108352476, 0.16677264783246076, -0.5585969336314058, 0.10602904793563143, 0.4414030663685942, -0.13359521368725333, -0.10066051360003941]
[-0.19582427309562425, 0.3010374430179246, 0.07134443981724846, 0.34963733521827034, -0.5285784584799701, -0.05814082685468231, 0.36695117486053896, -0.5450886953536017, 0.16454322490287435, -0.28053858099242035, 0.2850045415952126, 0.04145090052582421, -0.2355303140728191, 0.4549113046463983, -0.19117921573517388]
[-0.20854295563712105, -0.3715459229945299, -0.1485965391189167, 0.21544531142907908, 0.28793517505406424, -0.1277726238942344, -0.3978142164662068, -0.07360876674114655, -0.14123696976467462, -0.2824495290644446, 0.18451885524236908, 0.19688916547390964, 0.6021857835337934, 0.18124309996308044, 0.08335013298497859]
[-0.03046037370896323, -0.22893769748221363, 0.2906008305127917, 0.05772014569309014, -0.36245131695390725, -0.04367772646435617, -0.021404398574024562, 0.06256061884786766, -0.16943688989763553, -0.05190664421498706, -0.15822105235695536, 0.14707112898007604, 0.15817419422546475, 0.6375486830460928, -0.28717950165234046]

测试上述函数

def Normalization2(x):
    return [(float(i)-np.mean(x))/(max(x)-min(x)) for i in x]

x = [1,2,3,4,5,3,4,7]
x_t = Normalization2(x)
x_t

[-0.4375,
 -0.2708333333333333,
 -0.10416666666666667,
 0.0625,
 0.22916666666666666,
 -0.10416666666666667,
 0.0625,
 0.5625]

数据归一化

$X^* = \frac{X-X_{Min}}{X_{Max}-X_{Min}}\tag{公式2}$

from sklearn.preprocessing import MinMaxScaler, StandardScaler

mm = MinMaxScaler()
data_t = mm.fit_transform(data) # 此时，data_t的数据类型为ndarray
data_t

array([[0.65579891, 0.42228322, 0.70615112, ..., 0.34926442, 0.18927126,
        0.33199094],
       [0.63528279, 0.14747142, 0.        , ..., 0.84612614, 0.02626829,
        0.13351362],
       [0.4683    , 0.29452473, 0.53666934, ..., 0.61643314, 0.24921768,
        0.65305215],
       ...,
       [0.86065368, 0.77562574, 0.6810714 , ..., 0.30955838, 1.        ,
        0.52062551],
       [0.45292719, 0.08521548, 0.56570874, ..., 1.        , 0.57905732,
        1.        ],
       [0.4431966 , 0.62470302, 0.76493476, ..., 0.35390948, 0.48116435,
        0.07527182]])

数据标准化

$X^* = \frac{X- \mu}{\sigma}\tag{公式3}$

std = StandardScaler()
data_t = std.fit_transform(data)
data_t

array([[ 0.40050987, -0.06208115,  0.54212537, ..., -0.62798868,
        -0.77436554, -0.12642186],
       [ 0.31443471, -0.97678024, -2.70015361, ...,  0.9653967 ,
        -1.37963115, -0.95017644],
       [-0.38613983, -0.48731971, -0.23604689, ...,  0.22879442,
        -0.5517714 ,  1.20610133],
       ...,
       [ 1.25997594,  1.11400399,  0.42697236, ..., -0.75532195,
         2.23604732,  0.65648163],
       [-0.45063632, -1.18399639, -0.10271303, ...,  1.45885464,
         0.67299521,  2.64606373],
       [-0.49146088,  0.61166433,  0.81202935, ..., -0.61309245,
         0.30949725, -1.19190155]])

RobustScaler

from sklearn.preprocessing import RobustScaler
rbs = RobustScaler()

data_t = rbs.fit_transform(data)
data_t

array([[ 6.75263080e-01,  5.70238628e-04,  5.88759734e-01, ...,
        -4.66435961e-01, -3.65404219e-01,  0.00000000e+00],
       [ 5.73446937e-01, -5.34359702e-01, -3.75146655e+00, ...,
         5.10295689e-01, -8.06819196e-01, -7.38809352e-01],
       [-2.55245089e-01, -2.48115738e-01, -4.52928449e-01, ...,
         5.87647730e-02, -2.03068241e-01,  1.19511396e+00],
       ...,
       [ 1.69190392e+00,  6.88362719e-01,  4.34611944e-01, ...,
        -5.44490167e-01,  1.83006384e+00,  7.02170808e-01],
       [-3.31536362e-01, -6.55542861e-01, -2.74443152e-01, ...,
         8.12781202e-01,  6.90143454e-01,  2.48658803e+00],
       [-3.79826713e-01,  3.94586840e-01,  9.50062485e-01, ...,
        -4.57304699e-01,  4.25047533e-01, -9.55607869e-01]])

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Python实现将DataFrame数据缩放到[-1, 1]之间

(9月30号(组内)–数据归一化和数据缩放)import pandas as pdimport numpy as npprint(pd.__version__)print(np.__version__)1.2.41.18.1data = pd.read_csv('./datasets1/w.csv')data.head(10) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
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