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简介
这节课将在第四课的基础上进行扩展,创建3D物体。我们将三角形变为3D的三棱锥形,把四边形变为立方体。同时三棱锥沿Y轴旋转,四边形沿着(1,1,1)方向旋转。
本课与第二课十分类似,只需要多绘制几个面即可,三棱锥的绘制代码如下
- osg::Geometry *triangleGeometry = new osg::Geometry;
- osg::Vec3Array *triangleVertexArray = new osg::Vec3Array;
- for (unsigned i = 0; i < sizeof(TriangleVertices); ++i)
- {
- triangleVertexArray->push_back(osg::Vec3(TriangleVertices[i][0], TriangleVertices[i][1], TriangleVertices[i][2]));
- }
- triangleGeometry->setVertexArray(triangleVertexArray);
- osg::Vec4Array *triangleColorArray = new osg::Vec4Array;
- for (unsigned i = 0; i < sizeof(TriangleColors); ++i)
- {
- triangleColorArray->push_back(osg::Vec4(TriangleColors[i][0], TriangleColors[i][1], TriangleColors[i][2], 1.0f));
- }
- triangleGeometry->setColorArray(triangleColorArray);
- triangleGeometry->setColorBinding(osg::Geometry::BIND_PER_VERTEX);
- triangleGeometry->addPrimitiveSet(new osg::DrawArrays(osg::PrimitiveSet::TRIANGLES, 0, 12));
以下是立方体的绘制代码
- osg::Geometry *quadGeometry = new osg::Geometry;
- osg::Vec3Array *quadVertexArray = new osg::Vec3Array;
- for (unsigned i = 0; i < sizeof(QuadVertices); ++i)
- {
- quadVertexArray->push_back(osg::Vec3(QuadVertices[i][0], QuadVertices[i][1], QuadVertices[i][2]));
- }
- quadGeometry->setVertexArray(quadVertexArray);
- int first = 0;
- for (unsigned i = 0; i < 6; ++i)
- {
- osg::DrawArrays *vertexIndices = new osg::DrawArrays(osg::PrimitiveSet::QUADS, first, 4);
- first += 4;
- quadGeometry->addPrimitiveSet(vertexIndices);
- }
- osg::Vec4Array *quadColorArray = new osg::Vec4Array;
- for (unsigned i = 0; i < sizeof(QuadColors); ++i)
- {
- quadColorArray->push_back(osg::Vec4(QuadColors[i][0], QuadColors[i][1], QuadColors[i][2], 1.0f));
- }
- quadGeometry->setColorArray(quadColorArray);
- quadGeometry->setColorBinding(osg::Geometry::BIND_PER_PRIMITIVE_SET);
注意到颜色绑定的方式是每个PrimitiveSet绑定一次,总共需要6个颜色值。
此处如果使用DrawArrayLengths那么绑定的方式不能设置为BIND_PER_PRIMITIVE_SET,因为它只是一个PrimitiveSet,只会绑定第一个颜色值。
编译运行程序
附:本课源码(源码中可能存在错误和不足,仅供参考)
- #include "../osgNeHe.h"
- #include <QtCore/QTimer>
- #include <QtGui/QApplication>
- #include <QtGui/QVBoxLayout>
- #include <osgViewer/Viewer>
- #include <osgDB/ReadFile>
- #include <osgQt/GraphicsWindowQt>
- #include <osg/MatrixTransform>
- #include <osg/NodeVisitor>
- #include <osg/AnimationPath>
- float TriangleVertices[][3] = { {0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f}, {-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f}, { 1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f},
- {0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f}, {1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f}, { 1.0f,-1.0f, -1.0f},
- {0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f},{1.0f,-1.0f, -1.0f},{ -1.0f,-1.0f, -1.0f},
- {0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f}, {-1.0f,-1.0f, -1.0f}, { -1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f} };
- float TriangleColors[][3] = { { 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}, { 0.0f,1.0f,0.0f}, { 0.0f,0.0f,1.0f},
- { 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}, { 0.0f,0.0f,1.0f}, { 0.0f,1.0f,0.0f},
- { 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}, { 0.0f,1.0f,0.0f}, { 0.0f,0.0f,1.0f},
- { 1.0f,0.0f,0.0f}, { 0.0f,0.0f,1.0f},{ 0.0f,1.0f,0.0f} };
- float QuadVertices[][3] = {
- {1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f}, // Top Right Of The Quad (Top)
- {-1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f}, // Top Left Of The Quad (Top)
- {-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f}, // Bottom Left Of The Quad (Top)
- { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f}, // Bottom Right Of The Quad (Top)};
- { 1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f}, // Top Right Of The Quad {Bottom}
- {-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f}, // Top Left Of The Quad {Bottom}
- {-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f}, // Bottom Left Of The Quad {Bottom}
- { 1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f}, // Bottom Right Of The Quad {Bottom}
- { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f}, // Top Right Of The Quad {Front}
- {-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f}, // Top Left Of The Quad {Front}
- {-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f}, // Bottom Left Of The Quad {Front}
- { 1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f}, // Bottom Right Of The Quad {Front}
- { 1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f}, // Top Right Of The Quad {Back}
- {-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f}, // Top Left Of The Quad {Back}
- {-1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f}, // Bottom Left Of The Quad {Back}
- { 1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f}, // Bottom Right Of The Quad {Back}
- {-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f}, // Top Right Of The Quad {Left}
- {-1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f}, // Top Left Of The Quad {Left}
- {-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f}, // Bottom Left Of The Quad {Left}
- {-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f}, // Bottom Right Of The Quad {Left}
- { 1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f}, // Top Right Of The Quad {Right}
- { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f}, // Top Left Of The Quad {Right}
- { 1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f}, // Bottom Left Of The Quad {Right}
- { 1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f} // Bottom Right Of The Quad {Right}
- };
- const float QuadColors[][3] ={{ 0.0f,1.0f,0.0f },{ 1.0f,0.5f,0.0f },{ 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f },
- { 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f },{ 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f }, { 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f } };
- class ViewerWidget : public QWidget, public osgViewer::Viewer
- {
- public:
- ViewerWidget(osg::Node *scene = NULL)
- {
- QWidget* renderWidget = getRenderWidget( createGraphicsWindow(0,0,100,100), scene);
- QVBoxLayout* layout = new QVBoxLayout;
- layout->addWidget(renderWidget);
- layout->setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 1);
- setLayout( layout );
- connect( &_timer, SIGNAL(timeout()), this, SLOT(update()) );
- _timer.start( 10 );
- }
- QWidget* getRenderWidget( osgQt::GraphicsWindowQt* gw, osg::Node* scene )
- {
- osg::Camera* camera = this->getCamera();
- camera->setGraphicsContext( gw );
- const osg::GraphicsContext::Traits* traits = gw->getTraits();
- camera->setClearColor( osg::Vec4(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0) );
- camera->setViewport( new osg::Viewport(0, 0, traits->width, traits->height) );
- camera->setProjectionMatrixAsPerspective(45.0f, static_cast<double>(traits->width)/static_cast<double>(traits->height), 0.1f, 100.0f );
- camera->setViewMatrixAsLookAt(osg::Vec3d(0, 0, 1), osg::Vec3d(0, 0, 0), osg::Vec3d(0, 1, 0));
- this->setSceneData( scene );
- return gw->getGLWidget();
- }
- osgQt::GraphicsWindowQt* createGraphicsWindow( int x, int y, int w, int h, const std::string& name="", bool windowDecoration=false )
- {
- osg::DisplaySettings* ds = osg::DisplaySettings::instance().get();
- osg::ref_ptr<osg::GraphicsContext::Traits> traits = new osg::GraphicsContext::Traits;
- traits->windowName = name;
- traits->windowDecoration = windowDecoration;
- traits->x = x;
- traits->y = y;
- traits->width = w;
- traits->height = h;
- traits->doubleBuffer = true;
- traits->alpha = ds->getMinimumNumAlphaBits();
- traits->stencil = ds->getMinimumNumStencilBits();
- traits->sampleBuffers = ds->getMultiSamples();
- traits->samples = ds->getNumMultiSamples();
- return new osgQt::GraphicsWindowQt(traits.get());
- }
- virtual void paintEvent( QPaintEvent* event )
- {
- frame();
- }
- protected:
- QTimer _timer;
- };
- //
- osg::Node* buildScene()
- {
- osg::Group *root = new osg::Group;
- osg::MatrixTransform *triangleMT = new osg::MatrixTransform;
- triangleMT->setMatrix(osg::Matrix::translate(-1.5, 0.0, -6.0));
- osg::AnimationPathCallback *triangleAnimationCallback =
- new osg::AnimationPathCallback(osg::Vec3d(0, 0, 0), osg::Y_AXIS, 2);
- osg::MatrixTransform *triangleRotMT = new osg::MatrixTransform;
- triangleRotMT->setUpdateCallback(triangleAnimationCallback);
- osg::Geometry *triangleGeometry = new osg::Geometry;
- osg::Vec3Array *triangleVertexArray = new osg::Vec3Array;
- for (unsigned i = 0; i < sizeof(TriangleVertices); ++i)
- {
- triangleVertexArray->push_back(osg::Vec3(TriangleVertices[i][0], TriangleVertices[i][1], TriangleVertices[i][2]));
- }
- triangleGeometry->setVertexArray(triangleVertexArray);
- osg::Vec4Array *triangleColorArray = new osg::Vec4Array;
- for (unsigned i = 0; i < sizeof(TriangleColors); ++i)
- {
- triangleColorArray->push_back(osg::Vec4(TriangleColors[i][0], TriangleColors[i][1], TriangleColors[i][2], 1.0f));
- }
- triangleGeometry->setColorArray(triangleColorArray);
- triangleGeometry->setColorBinding(osg::Geometry::BIND_PER_VERTEX);
- triangleGeometry->addPrimitiveSet(new osg::DrawArrays(osg::PrimitiveSet::TRIANGLES, 0, 12));
- osg::Geode *triangleGeode = new osg::Geode;
- triangleGeode->getOrCreateStateSet()->setMode(GL_LIGHTING, osg::StateAttribute::OFF);
- triangleGeode->addDrawable(triangleGeometry);
- triangleRotMT->addChild(triangleGeode);
- triangleMT->addChild(triangleRotMT);
- //四边形部分
- osg::MatrixTransform *quadMT = new osg::MatrixTransform;
- quadMT->setMatrix(osg::Matrix::translate(1.5, 0.0, -6.0));
- osg::AnimationPathCallback *quadAnimationCallback =
- new osg::AnimationPathCallback(osg::Vec3d(0, 0, 0), osg::Vec3(1, 1, 1), 2.5);
- osg::MatrixTransform *quadRotMT = new osg::MatrixTransform;
- quadRotMT->setUpdateCallback(quadAnimationCallback);
- osg::Geometry *quadGeometry = new osg::Geometry;
- osg::Vec3Array *quadVertexArray = new osg::Vec3Array;
- for (unsigned i = 0; i < sizeof(QuadVertices); ++i)
- {
- quadVertexArray->push_back(osg::Vec3(QuadVertices[i][0], QuadVertices[i][1], QuadVertices[i][2]));
- }
- quadGeometry->setVertexArray(quadVertexArray);
- int first = 0;
- for (unsigned i = 0; i < 6; ++i)
- {
- osg::DrawArrays *vertexIndices = new osg::DrawArrays(osg::PrimitiveSet::QUADS, first, 4);
- first += 4;
- quadGeometry->addPrimitiveSet(vertexIndices);
- }
- //
- //osg::DrawArrayLengths是一个PrimitiveSet,绑定颜色方式为BIND_PER_PRIMITIVE_SET
- //会出失败,只能显示为一种颜色
- //osg::DrawArrayLengths *v = new osg::DrawArrayLengths(osg::PrimitiveSet::QUADS, 0);
- //for (unsigned i = 0; i < 6; ++i)
- //{
- // v->push_back(4);
- //}
- //quadGeometry->addPrimitiveSet(v);
- osg::Vec4Array *quadColorArray = new osg::Vec4Array;
- for (unsigned i = 0; i < sizeof(QuadColors); ++i)
- {
- quadColorArray->push_back(osg::Vec4(QuadColors[i][0], QuadColors[i][1], QuadColors[i][2], 1.0f));
- }
- quadGeometry->setColorArray(quadColorArray);
- quadGeometry->setColorBinding(osg::Geometry::BIND_PER_PRIMITIVE_SET);
- osg::Geode *quadGeode = new osg::Geode;
- quadGeode->getOrCreateStateSet()->setMode(GL_LIGHTING, osg::StateAttribute::OFF);
- quadGeode->addDrawable(quadGeometry);
- quadRotMT->addChild(quadGeode);
- quadMT->addChild(quadRotMT);
- root->addChild(triangleMT);
- root->addChild(quadMT);
- return root;
- }
- int main( int argc, char** argv )
- {
- QApplication app(argc, argv);
- ViewerWidget* viewWidget = new ViewerWidget(buildScene());
- viewWidget->setGeometry( 100, 100, 640, 480 );
- viewWidget->show();
- return app.exec();
- }