-
简介
本节课要实现的内容是为立方体的六个面添加纹理
纹理映射(Texture Mapping)是OpenGL程序开发中的一个重要概念。纹理是一个数组的概念,其中每一个数据(RGB颜色以及Alpha值,或者其他系统及用户定义的类型)称为一个纹素(texel)。在描绘具有真实感物体时,使用一幅真实拍摄的照片作为纹理贴到几何体的表面,可以大大丰富物体的表现效果。
OSG使用派生自StateAttribute的Texture类来定义一个纹理对象,其6个子类对象(Texture1D Texture2D等)分别表示一维纹理、二维纹理等
首先我们先要将纹理坐标加入到几何体Geometry的纹理数组之中
- float textureVertices[][2] = {
- //Front Face
- {0.0f, 0.0f},
- {1.0f, 0.0f},
- {1.0f, 1.0f},
- {0.0f, 1.0f},
- // Back Face
- {1.0f, 0.0f},
- {1.0f, 1.0f},
- {0.0f, 1.0f},
- {0.0f, 0.0f},
- // Top Face
- {0.0f, 1.0f},
- {0.0f, 0.0f},
- {1.0f, 0.0f},
- {1.0f, 1.0f},
- // Bottom Face
- {1.0f, 1.0f},
- {0.0f, 1.0f},
- {0.0f, 0.0f},
- {1.0f, 0.0f},
- // Right face
- {1.0f, 0.0f},
- {1.0f, 1.0f},
- {0.0f, 1.0f},
- {0.0f, 0.0f},
- // Left Face
- {0.0f, 0.0f},
- {1.0f, 0.0f},
- {1.0f, 1.0f},
- {0.0f, 1.0f}
- };
- osg::Vec2Array* texcoords = new osg::Vec2Array;
- for (unsigned i = 0; i < sizeof(textureVertices); ++i)
- {
- texcoords->push_back(osg::Vec2(textureVertices[i][0], textureVertices[i][1]));
- }
- quadGeometry->setTexCoordArray(0,texcoords);
- osg::Image *textureImage = osgDB::readImageFile("Data/NeHe.bmp");
- osg::Texture2D *texture2D = new osg::Texture2D;
- texture2D->setImage(textureImage);
- texture2D->setFilter(osg::Texture::MIN_FILTER, osg::Texture::LINEAR);
- texture2D->setFilter(osg::Texture::MAG_FILTER, osg::Texture::LINEAR);
最后将纹理设置给节点
- quadGeode->getOrCreateStateSet()->setTextureAttributeAndModes(0, texture2D);
编译运行程序
附:本课源码(源码中可能存在错误和不足,仅供参考)
- #include "../osgNeHe.h"
- #include <QtCore/QTimer>
- #include <QtGui/QApplication>
- #include <QtGui/QVBoxLayout>
- #include <osgViewer/Viewer>
- #include <osgDB/ReadFile>
- #include <osgQt/GraphicsWindowQt>
- #include <osg/MatrixTransform>
- #include <osg/NodeVisitor>
- #include <osg/AnimationPath>
- #include <osg/Texture2D>
- float textureVertices[][2] = {
- //Front Face
- {0.0f, 0.0f},
- {1.0f, 0.0f},
- {1.0f, 1.0f},
- {0.0f, 1.0f},
- // Back Face
- {1.0f, 0.0f},
- {1.0f, 1.0f},
- {0.0f, 1.0f},
- {0.0f, 0.0f},
- // Top Face
- {0.0f, 1.0f},
- {0.0f, 0.0f},
- {1.0f, 0.0f},
- {1.0f, 1.0f},
- // Bottom Face
- {1.0f, 1.0f},
- {0.0f, 1.0f},
- {0.0f, 0.0f},
- {1.0f, 0.0f},
- // Right face
- {1.0f, 0.0f},
- {1.0f, 1.0f},
- {0.0f, 1.0f},
- {0.0f, 0.0f},
- // Left Face
- {0.0f, 0.0f},
- {1.0f, 0.0f},
- {1.0f, 1.0f},
- {0.0f, 1.0f}
- };
- float QuadVertices[][3] = {
- {-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f},
- { 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f},
- { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f},
- {-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f},
- {-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f},
- {-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f},
- { 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f},
- { 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f},
- {-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f},
- {-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f},
- { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f},
- { 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f},
- {-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f},
- { 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f},
- { 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f},
- {-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f},
- { 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f},
- { 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f},
- { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f},
- { 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f},
- {-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f},
- {-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f},
- {-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f},
- {-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f}
- };
- class ViewerWidget : public QWidget, public osgViewer::Viewer
- {
- public:
- ViewerWidget(osg::Node *scene = NULL)
- {
- QWidget* renderWidget = getRenderWidget( createGraphicsWindow(0,0,100,100), scene);
- QVBoxLayout* layout = new QVBoxLayout;
- layout->addWidget(renderWidget);
- layout->setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 1);
- setLayout( layout );
- connect( &_timer, SIGNAL(timeout()), this, SLOT(update()) );
- _timer.start( 10 );
- }
- QWidget* getRenderWidget( osgQt::GraphicsWindowQt* gw, osg::Node* scene )
- {
- osg::Camera* camera = this->getCamera();
- camera->setGraphicsContext( gw );
- const osg::GraphicsContext::Traits* traits = gw->getTraits();
- camera->setClearColor( osg::Vec4(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0) );
- camera->setViewport( new osg::Viewport(0, 0, traits->width, traits->height) );
- camera->setProjectionMatrixAsPerspective(45.0f, static_cast<double>(traits->width)/static_cast<double>(traits->height), 0.1f, 100.0f );
- camera->setViewMatrixAsLookAt(osg::Vec3d(0, 0, 1), osg::Vec3d(0, 0, 0), osg::Vec3d(0, 1, 0));
- this->setSceneData( scene );
- return gw->getGLWidget();
- }
- osgQt::GraphicsWindowQt* createGraphicsWindow( int x, int y, int w, int h, const std::string& name="", bool windowDecoration=false )
- {
- osg::DisplaySettings* ds = osg::DisplaySettings::instance().get();
- osg::ref_ptr<osg::GraphicsContext::Traits> traits = new osg::GraphicsContext::Traits;
- traits->windowName = name;
- traits->windowDecoration = windowDecoration;
- traits->x = x;
- traits->y = y;
- traits->width = w;
- traits->height = h;
- traits->doubleBuffer = true;
- traits->alpha = ds->getMinimumNumAlphaBits();
- traits->stencil = ds->getMinimumNumStencilBits();
- traits->sampleBuffers = ds->getMultiSamples();
- traits->samples = ds->getNumMultiSamples();
- return new osgQt::GraphicsWindowQt(traits.get());
- }
- virtual void paintEvent( QPaintEvent* event )
- {
- frame();
- }
- protected:
- QTimer _timer;
- };
- //
- osg::Node* buildScene()
- {
- osg::Group *root = new osg::Group;
- osg::MatrixTransform *quadMT = new osg::MatrixTransform;
- quadMT->setMatrix(osg::Matrix::translate(0.0, 0.0, -5.0));
- osg::AnimationPathCallback *quadAnimationCallback =
- new osg::AnimationPathCallback(osg::Vec3d(0, 0, 0), osg::Vec3(1, 1, 1), 2.5);
- osg::MatrixTransform *quadRotMT = new osg::MatrixTransform;
- quadRotMT->setUpdateCallback(quadAnimationCallback);
- osg::Geometry *quadGeometry = new osg::Geometry;
- osg::Vec3Array *quadVertexArray = new osg::Vec3Array;
- for (unsigned i = 0; i < sizeof(QuadVertices); ++i)
- {
- quadVertexArray->push_back(osg::Vec3(QuadVertices[i][0], QuadVertices[i][1], QuadVertices[i][2]));
- }
- quadGeometry->setVertexArray(quadVertexArray);
- osg::Vec2Array* texcoords = new osg::Vec2Array;
- for (unsigned i = 0; i < sizeof(textureVertices); ++i)
- {
- texcoords->push_back(osg::Vec2(textureVertices[i][0], textureVertices[i][1]));
- }
- quadGeometry->setTexCoordArray(0,texcoords);
- int first = 0;
- for (unsigned i = 0; i < 6; ++i)
- {
- osg::DrawArrays *vertexIndices = new osg::DrawArrays(osg::PrimitiveSet::QUADS, first, 4);
- first += 4;
- quadGeometry->addPrimitiveSet(vertexIndices);
- }
- osg::Image *textureImage = osgDB::readImageFile("Data/NeHe.bmp");
- osg::Texture2D *texture2D = new osg::Texture2D;
- texture2D->setImage(textureImage);
- texture2D->setFilter(osg::Texture::MIN_FILTER, osg::Texture::LINEAR);
- texture2D->setFilter(osg::Texture::MAG_FILTER, osg::Texture::LINEAR);
- osg::Geode *quadGeode = new osg::Geode;
- quadGeode->getOrCreateStateSet()->setTextureAttributeAndModes(0, texture2D);
- quadGeode->getOrCreateStateSet()->setMode(GL_LIGHTING, osg::StateAttribute::OFF);
- quadGeode->addDrawable(quadGeometry);
- quadRotMT->addChild(quadGeode);
- quadMT->addChild(quadRotMT);
- root->addChild(quadMT);
- return root;
- }
- int main( int argc, char** argv )
- {
- QApplication app(argc, argv);
- ViewerWidget* viewWidget = new ViewerWidget(buildScene());
- viewWidget->setGeometry( 100, 100, 640, 480 );
- viewWidget->show();
- return app.exec();
- }