python+opencv 超大图像二值化方法

超大图像二值化一般用局部阈值法或者先分块再用全局阈值。

import cv2 as cv
import numpy as np


def big_image_binary(image):
    print(image.shape)
    cw = 256
    ch = 256
    h, w = image.shape[:2]  # 图像大小获取
    gray = cv.cvtColor(image, cv.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    for row in range(0, h, ch):
        for col in range(0, w, cw):
            roi = gray[row: row+ch, col: col+cw]
            print(np.std(roi), np.mean(roi))
            dev = np.std(roi)
            # 方差小于15的设为255，是空白图像，称为空白图像过滤，可以减少噪声
            if dev < 15:
                gray[row: row+ch, col: col+cw] = 255
            else:
                # 局部阈值
                # dst = cv.adaptiveThreshold(roi, 255, cv.ADAPTIVE_THRESH_GAUSSIAN_C, cv.THRESH_BINARY, 127, 20)
                # 全局阈值
                ret, dst = cv.threshold(roi, 0, 255, cv.THRESH_BINARY | cv.THRESH_OTSU)
                gray[row: row + ch, col: col + cw] = dst
                print(np.std(dst), np.mean(dst))

    cv.imwrite('C:/Users/Y/Pictures/Saved Pictures/result_binary', gray)


src = cv.imread('C:/Users/Y/Pictures/Saved Pictures/demo.png')
# cv.namedWindow('input image', cv.WINDOW_AUTOSIZE)
# cv.imshow('input image', src)
big_image_binary(src)
cv.waitKey(0)
cv.destroyAllWindows()