spring-data-mongodb提供了MongoTemplate与MongoRepository两种方式访问mongodb,MongoRepository操作简单,MongoTemplate操作灵活,我们在项目中可以灵活适用这两种方式操作mongodb,MongoRepository的缺点是不够灵活,MongoTemplate正好可以弥补不足。
1.创建工程,添加依赖
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>joda-time</groupId>
<artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
<version>2.10.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
2 添加配置
在application.properties文件添加配置
spring.data.mongodb.uri=mongodb://localhost:27017/test
以上为准备工作。
基于MongoTemplate 开发CRUD
1.添加实体类
package com.wt.demomongo.entity;
import lombok.Data;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.mapping.Document;
@Data
@Document("User")
public class User {
@Id
private String id;
private String name;
private Integer age;
private String email;
private String createDate;
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public String getCreateDate() {
return createDate;
}
public void setCreateDate(String createDate) {
this.createDate = createDate;
}
}
2.测试类
在MongoTemplate中模糊/分页查询用的是Query的正则表达式查询(引入org.springframework.data.mongodb.core的相关工具包)
package com.wt.demomongo;
import com.mongodb.client.result.DeleteResult;
import com.mongodb.client.result.UpdateResult;
import com.wt.demomongo.entity.User;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Criteria;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Query;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Update;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
@SpringBootTest
class DemomongoApplicationTests {
@Autowired
private MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;
//添加
@Test
public void createUser() {
User user = new User();
user.setAge(20);
user.setName("test");
user.setEmail("4932200@qq.com");
User user1 = mongoTemplate.insert(user);
System.out.println(user1);
}
//查询所有
@Test
public void findUser() {
List<User> userList = mongoTemplate.findAll(User.class);
System.out.println(userList);
}
//根据id查询
@Test
public void getById() {
User user =
mongoTemplate.findById("61976cfa8fe4ea011d3e9724", User.class);
System.out.println(user);
}
//条件查询
@Test
public void findUserList() {
Query query = new Query(Criteria
.where("name").is("test")
.and("age").is(20));
List<User> userList = mongoTemplate.find(query, User.class);
System.out.println(userList);
}
//模糊查询
@Test
public void findUsersLikeName() {
String name = "est";
String regex = String.format("%s%s%s", "^.*", name, ".*$");
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(regex, Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
Query query = new Query(Criteria.where("name").regex(pattern));
List<User> userList = mongoTemplate.find(query, User.class);
System.out.println(userList);
}
//分页查询
@Test
public void findUsersPage() {
String name = "est";
int pageNo = 1;
int pageSize = 10;
Query query = new Query();
String regex = String.format("%s%s%s", "^.*", name, ".*$");
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(regex, Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
query.addCriteria(Criteria.where("name").regex(pattern));
int totalCount = (int) mongoTemplate.count(query, User.class);
List<User> userList = mongoTemplate.find(query.skip((pageNo - 1) * pageSize).limit(pageSize), User.class);
Map<String, Object> pageMap = new HashMap<>();
pageMap.put("list", userList);
pageMap.put("totalCount",totalCount);
System.out.println(pageMap);
}
//修改
@Test
public void updateUser() {
User user = mongoTemplate.findById("61976cfa8fe4ea011d3e9724", User.class);
user.setName("test_1");
user.setAge(25);
user.setEmail("493220990@qq.com");
Query query = new Query(Criteria.where("_id").is(user.getId()));
Update update = new Update();
update.set("name", user.getName());
update.set("age", user.getAge());
update.set("email", user.getEmail());
UpdateResult result = mongoTemplate.upsert(query, update, User.class);
long count = result.getModifiedCount();
System.out.println(count);
}
//删除操作
@Test
public void delete() {
Query query =
new Query(Criteria.where("_id").is("61976cfa8fe4ea011d3e9724"));
DeleteResult result = mongoTemplate.remove(query, User.class);
long count = result.getDeletedCount();
System.out.println(count);
}
@Test
void contextLoads() {
}
}
常用方法
mongoTemplate.findAll(User.class): 查询User文档的全部数据
mongoTemplate.findById(<id>, User.class): 查询User文档id为id的数据
mongoTemplate.find(query, User.class);: 根据query内的查询条件查询
mongoTemplate.upsert(query, update, User.class): 修改
mongoTemplate.remove(query, User.class): 删除
mongoTemplate.insert(User): 新增
Query对象
1、创建一个query对象(用来封装所有条件对象),再创建一个criteria对象(用来构建条件)
2、 精准条件:criteria.and(“key”).is(“条件”)
模糊条件:criteria.and(“key”).regex(“条件”)
3、封装条件:query.addCriteria(criteria)
4、大于(创建新的criteria):Criteria gt = Criteria.where(“key”).gt(“条件”)
小于(创建新的criteria):Criteria lt = Criteria.where(“key”).lt(“条件”)
5、Query.addCriteria(new Criteria().andOperator(gt,lt));
6、一个query中只能有一个andOperator()。其参数也可以是Criteria数组。
7、排序 :query.with(new Sort(Sort.Direction.ASC, "age"). and(new Sort(Sort.Direction.DESC, "date")))
基于MongoRepository 开发CRUD
Spring Data提供了对mongodb数据访问的支持,我们只需要继承MongoRepository类,按照Spring Data规范就可以了
SpringData 方法定义规范如下:
1、不是随便声明的,而需要符合一定的规范
2、 查询方法以find | read | get开头
3、 涉及条件查询时,条件的属性用条件关键字连接
4、 要注意的是:条件属性首字母需要大写
5、 支持属性的级联查询,但若当前类有符合条件的属性则优先使用,而不使用级联属性,若需要使用级联属性,则属性之间使用_强制进行连接
1.添加Repository类
package com.wt.demomongo;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class DemomongoApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DemomongoApplication.class, args);
}
}
2.添加测试类
此时分页查询和模糊查询用的是Example的相关类,引入的是org.springframework.data.domain.*的工具包(一般来说写法固定)
package com.wt.demomongo;
import com.wt.demomongo.entity.User;
import com.wt.demomongo.repository.UserRepository;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.*;
import java.util.List;
@SpringBootTest
public class DemomongoApplicationTests1 {
@Autowired
private UserRepository userRepository;
//添加
@Test
public void createUser() {
User user = new User();
user.setAge(20);
user.setName("张三");
user.setEmail("3332200@qq.com");
User user1 = userRepository.save(user);
}
//查询所有
@Test
public void findUser() {
List<User> userList = userRepository.findAll();
System.out.println(userList);
}
//id查询
@Test
public void getById() {
User user = userRepository.findById("619b4d7b7e7f146f2f5e8a51").get();
System.out.println(user);
}
//条件查询
@Test
public void findUserList() {
User user = new User();
user.setName("张三");
user.setAge(20);
Example<User> userExample = Example.of(user);
List<User> userList = userRepository.findAll(userExample);
System.out.println(userList);
}
//模糊查询
@Test
public void findUsersLikeName() {
//创建匹配器,即如何使用查询条件
ExampleMatcher matcher = ExampleMatcher.matching() //构建对象
.withStringMatcher(ExampleMatcher.StringMatcher.CONTAINING) //改变默认字符串匹配方式:模糊查询
.withIgnoreCase(true); //改变默认大小写忽略方式:忽略大小写
User user = new User();
user.setName("三");
Example<User> userExample = Example.of(user, matcher);
List<User> userList = userRepository.findAll(userExample);
System.out.println(userList);
}
//分页查询
@Test
public void findUsersPage() {
//0为第一页
Pageable pageable = PageRequest.of(0, 10);
//创建匹配器,即如何使用查询条件
ExampleMatcher matcher = ExampleMatcher.matching() //构建对象
.withStringMatcher(ExampleMatcher.StringMatcher.CONTAINING) //改变默认字符串匹配方式:模糊查询
.withIgnoreCase(true); //改变默认大小写忽略方式:忽略大小写
User user = new User();
user.setName("三");
//创建实例
Example<User> userExample = Example.of(user, matcher);
Page<User> pages = userRepository.findAll(userExample, pageable);
System.out.println(pages.getContent());
}
//修改
@Test
public void updateUser() {
User user = userRepository.findById("619b4d7b7e7f146f2f5e8a51").get();
user.setName("张三_1");
user.setAge(25);
user.setEmail("883220990@qq.com");
User save = userRepository.save(user);
System.out.println(save);
}
//删除
@Test
public void delete() {
userRepository.deleteById("619b4d7b7e7f146f2f5e8a51");
}
}