直接法解线性方程组-高斯消元法
1.高斯消元法思想
设有线性方程组如下所示:
{ a 11 x 1 + a 12 x 2 + ⋯ + a 1 n x n = b 1 , a 21 x 1 + a 22 x 2 + ⋯ + a 2 n x n = b 2 , ⋮ a n 1 x 1 + a n 2 x 2 + ⋯ + a n n x n = b n , \begin{cases}a_{11}x_{1}+a_{12}x_{2}+\cdots+a_{1n}x_{n}=b_{1},\\a_{21}x_{1}+a_{22}x_{2}+\cdots+a_{2n}x_{n}=b_{2},\\\vdots\\a_{n1}x_{1}+a_{n2}x_{2}+\cdots+a_{nn}x_{n}=b_{n},\end{cases} ⎩⎪⎪⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪⎪⎪⎧a11x1+a12x2+⋯+a1nxn=b1,a21x1+a22x2+⋯+a2nxn=b2,⋮an1x1+an2x2+⋯+annx