怎样产生标准分布或高斯分布的随机数?
这里有一个由Marsaglia 首创Knuth 推荐的方法:
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>
double gaussrand()
{
static double V1, V2, S;
static int phase = 0;
double X;
if(phase == 0)
{
do
{
double U1 = (double)rand() / RAND_MAX;
double U2 = (double)rand() / RAND_MAX;
V1 = 2 * U1 - 1;
V2 = 2 * U2 - 1;
S = V1 * V1 + V2 * V2;
}
while(S >= 1 || S == 0);
X = V1 * sqrt(-2 * log(S) / S);
}
else
{
X = V2 * sqrt(-2 * log(S) / S);
}
phase = 1 - phase;
return X;
}