查看Python函数含义的快速，准确方法unique

 

代码是：n_digits = len(np.unique(digits.target))
我想查看unique意义，

运行代码：

import numpy as np

print(help(np.unique))

得到：
Help on function unique in module numpy.lib.arraysetops:

unique(ar, return_index=False, return_inverse=False, return_counts=False, axis=None)
    Find the unique elements of an array.
    
    Returns the sorted unique elements of an array. There are three optional
    outputs in addition to the unique elements: the indices of the input array
    that give the unique values, the indices of the unique array that
    reconstruct the input array, and the number of times each unique value
    comes up in the input array.
    
    Parameters
    ----------
    ar : array_like
        Input array. Unless `axis` is specified, this will be flattened if it
        is not already 1-D.
    return_index : bool, optional
        If True, also return the indices of `ar` (along the specified axis,
        if provided, or in the flattened array) that result in the unique array.
    return_inverse : bool, optional
        If True, also return the indices of the unique array (for the specified
        axis, if provided) that can be used to reconstruct `ar`.
    return_counts : bool, optional
        If True, also return the number of times each unique item appears
        in `ar`.
    
        .. versionadded:: 1.9.0
    
    axis : int or None, optional
        The axis to operate on. If None, `ar` will be flattened. If an integer,
        the subarrays indexed by the given axis will be flattened and treated
        as the elements of a 1-D array with the dimension of the given axis,
        see the notes for more details.  Object arrays or structured arrays
        that contain objects are not supported if the `axis` kwarg is used. The
        default is None.
    
        .. versionadded:: 1.13.0
    
    Returns
    -------
    unique : ndarray
        The sorted unique values.
    unique_indices : ndarray, optional
        The indices of the first occurrences of the unique values in the
        original array. Only provided if `return_index` is True.
    unique_inverse : ndarray, optional
        The indices to reconstruct the original array from the
        unique array. Only provided if `return_inverse` is True.
    unique_counts : ndarray, optional
        The number of times each of the unique values comes up in the
        original array. Only provided if `return_counts` is True.
        .. versionadded:: 1.9.0
    
    See Also
    --------
    numpy.lib.arraysetops : Module with a number of other functions for
                            performing set operations on arrays.
    
    Notes
    -----
    When an axis is specified the subarrays indexed by the axis are sorted.
    This is done by making the specified axis the first dimension of the array
    and then flattening the subarrays in C order. The flattened subarrays are
    then viewed as a structured type with each element given a label, with the
    effect that we end up with a 1-D array of structured types that can be
    treated in the same way as any other 1-D array. The result is that the
    flattened subarrays are sorted in lexicographic order starting with the
    first element.
    
    Examples
    --------
    >>> np.unique([1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3])
    array([1, 2, 3])
    >>> a = np.array([[1, 1], [2, 3]])
    >>> np.unique(a)
    array([1, 2, 3])
    
    Return the unique rows of a 2D array
    
    >>> a = np.array([[1, 0, 0], [1, 0, 0], [2, 3, 4]])
    >>> np.unique(a, axis=0)
    array([[1, 0, 0], [2, 3, 4]])
    
    Return the indices of the original array that give the unique values:
    
    >>> a = np.array(['a', 'b', 'b', 'c', 'a'])
    >>> u, indices = np.unique(a, return_index=True)
    >>> u
    array(['a', 'b', 'c'],
           dtype='|S1')
    >>> indices
    array([0, 1, 3])
    >>> a[indices]
    array(['a', 'b', 'c'],
           dtype='|S1')
    
    Reconstruct the input array from the unique values:
    
    >>> a = np.array([1, 2, 6, 4, 2, 3, 2])
    >>> u, indices = np.unique(a, return_inverse=True)
    >>> u
    array([1, 2, 3, 4, 6])
    >>> indices
    array([0, 1, 4, 3, 1, 2, 1])
    >>> u[indices]
    array([1, 2, 6, 4, 2, 3, 2])

None
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