在Ubuntu下进行OpenGL编程——OPENGL的HELLO WORLD

在终端中逐步执行以下命令，即可完成基本编译环境的设置。

安装基本编译环境：
 sudo apt-get install build-essential

安装Opengl工具箱：
 sudo apt-get install freeglut3-dev

cube.cpp

/* Rotating cube with color interpolation */



/* Demonstration of use of homogeneous coordinate 

transformations and simple data structure for representing

cube from Chapter 4 */



/*Both normals and colors are assigned to the vertices */

/*Cube is centered at origin so (unnormalized) normals

are the same as the vertex values */



#include <stdlib.h>

//#include <GL/gl.h>

//#include <GL/glu.h>

#include <GL/glut.h>





	GLfloat vertices[][3] = {{-1.0,-1.0,-1.0},{1.0,-1.0,-1.0},

	{1.0,1.0,-1.0}, {-1.0,1.0,-1.0}, {-1.0,-1.0,1.0}, 

	{1.0,-1.0,1.0}, {1.0,1.0,1.0}, {-1.0,1.0,1.0}};



	GLfloat normals[][3] = {{-1.0,-1.0,-1.0},{1.0,-1.0,-1.0},

	{1.0,1.0,-1.0}, {-1.0,1.0,-1.0}, {-1.0,-1.0,1.0}, 

	{1.0,-1.0,1.0}, {1.0,1.0,1.0}, {-1.0,1.0,1.0}};



	GLfloat colors[][3] = {{0.0,0.0,0.0},{1.0,0.0,0.0},

	{1.0,1.0,0.0}, {0.0,1.0,0.0}, {0.0,0.0,1.0}, 

	{1.0,0.0,1.0}, {1.0,1.0,1.0}, {0.0,1.0,1.0}};



void polygon(int a, int b, int c , int d)

{



/* draw a polygon via list of vertices */



 	glBegin(GL_POLYGON);

		glColor3fv(colors[a]);

		glNormal3fv(normals[a]);

		glVertex3fv(vertices[a]);

		glColor3fv(colors[b]);

		glNormal3fv(normals[b]);

		glVertex3fv(vertices[b]);

		glColor3fv(colors[c]);

		glNormal3fv(normals[c]);

		glVertex3fv(vertices[c]);

		glColor3fv(colors[d]);

		glNormal3fv(normals[d]);

		glVertex3fv(vertices[d]);

	glEnd();

																										}



void colorcube(void)

{



/* map vertices to faces */



	polygon(0,3,2,1);

	polygon(2,3,7,6);

	polygon(0,4,7,3);

	polygon(1,2,6,5);

	polygon(4,5,6,7);

	polygon(0,1,5,4);

}



static GLfloat theta[] = {0.0,0.0,0.0};

static GLint axis = 2;



void display(void)

{

/* display callback, clear frame buffer and z buffer,

   rotate cube and draw, swap buffers */



 glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);

	glLoadIdentity();

	glRotatef(theta[0], 1.0, 0.0, 0.0);

	glRotatef(theta[1], 0.0, 1.0, 0.0);

	glRotatef(theta[2], 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);



 colorcube();



 glFlush();

	glutSwapBuffers();

}



void spinCube()

{



/* Idle callback, spin cube 2 degrees about selected axis */



	theta[axis] += 2.0;

	if( theta[axis] > 360.0 ) theta[axis] -= 360.0;

	display();

}



void mouse(int btn, int state, int x, int y)

{



/* mouse callback, selects an axis about which to rotate */



	if(btn==GLUT_LEFT_BUTTON && state == GLUT_DOWN) axis = 0;

	if(btn==GLUT_MIDDLE_BUTTON && state == GLUT_DOWN) axis = 1;

	if(btn==GLUT_RIGHT_BUTTON && state == GLUT_DOWN) axis = 2;

}



void myReshape(int w, int h)

{

    glViewport(0, 0, w, h);

    glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);

    glLoadIdentity();

    if (w <= h)

        glOrtho(-2.0, 2.0, -2.0 * (GLfloat) h / (GLfloat) w,

            2.0 * (GLfloat) h / (GLfloat) w, -10.0, 10.0);

    else

        glOrtho(-2.0 * (GLfloat) w / (GLfloat) h,

            2.0 * (GLfloat) w / (GLfloat) h, -2.0, 2.0, -10.0, 10.0);

    glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);

}



int

main(int argc, char **argv)

{

    glutInit(&argc, argv);



/* need both double buffering and z buffer */



    glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGB | GLUT_DEPTH);

    glutInitWindowSize(500, 500);

    glutCreateWindow("colorcube");

    glutReshapeFunc(myReshape);

    glutDisplayFunc(display);

	   glutIdleFunc(spinCube);

	   glutMouseFunc(mouse);

	   glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); /* Enable hidden--surface--removal */

    glutMainLoop();

    return 0;

}

makefile
CC = gcc


CFLAGS = -g


INCLUDE = -I. -I/usr/include/ -I/usr/include/X11/ -I/usr/local/include/GL -I/usr/local/src/glut-3.6/include/


LDFLAGS =  -L. -L/usr/lib -L/usr/lib/X11 -L/usr/local/lib


LDLIBS = -lglut -lGL -lGLU -lpthread -lm


SRCS = \
cube.cpp


OBJS = \
cube.o


.c.o:
$(CC) $(DEFS) $(INCLUDE) $(CFLAGS) -c $<


all: cubes


cubes: $(OBJS)
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(INCLUDE) $(OBJS) $(LDFLAGS) $(LDLIBS) -o $@


clean:
rm -f *.o core cubes

命令如下：

root@lihacker-laptop:~/Desktop# make
g++    -c -o cube.o cube.cpp
gcc -g -I. -I/usr/include/ -I/usr/include/X11/ -I/usr/local/include/GL -I/usr/local/src/glut-3.6/include/ cube.o -L. -L/usr/lib -L/usr/lib/X11 -L/usr/local/lib -lglut -lGL -lGLU -lpthread -lm -o cubes
root@lihacker-laptop:~/Desktop# ./cubes 
OpenGL Warning: Failed to connect to host. Make sure 3D acceleration is enabled for this VM.
root@lihacker-laptop:~/Desktop#