CMake工程开发入门到高级用法

CMake工程开发入门笔记

CMake通过CMakeLists.txt生成makefile，对于含有大量文件的工程编译十分方便。

指令	解释	例
PROJECT	设定工程名（可与生成目标名不同），该指令隐式定义了<PROJECT_NAME>_BINARY_DIR和<PROJECT_NAME>_SOURCE_DIR	PROJECT(helloworld)
SET	设置变量	SET(SRC_LIST main.c fun.c)
MESSAGE	打印消息	MESSAGE(STATUS/SEDN_ERROR/FATAL_ERROR “todisplay” )
ADD_EXEUTABLE	生成目标文件	ADD_EXEUTABLE(your_exe main.c fun.c)
ADD_LIBRARY	生成动态库或静态库	ADD_LIBRARY(your_lib_name STATIC/SHARED> )
SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES	可用于同时生成.so和.lib，设置.so的版本号和api号	NA
ADD_SUBDIRECTORY	添加包含源文件的子目录	NA
TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES	链接需要的library	TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(project_name lib***.so/***) TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(project_name ${GTEST_LIBRARY})
LINK_DIRECTORIES	添加非标准的库搜索库搜索路径	NA
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES	添加头文件搜索路径	(BEFORE {OpenCV_INCLUDE_DIRS}) BEFORE 添加的头文件搜索路径在默认路径的前面，反之AFTER
INSTALL	可以用于安装生成的可执行文件 .so .lib 和 .sh以及一般文件	NA

---

常见错误：

• set(LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/lib)

• 误用 LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY是无法设置输出路径的。 CMakeLists.txt 错误 写的.c文件，C++头文件make找不到，改成.cpp或cc

mkdir Project

cd Project

gedit CMakeLists.txt

mkdir src

cd src

touch main.c

vi main.c

：qw

mkdir build

cd build

gedit CMakeLists.txt

#CMAKE 常用外部构建，out-of-source,  举个例子，将构建过程放到build, 在buil的目录下 cmake ..

cmake .. 

make -j 

CMake进阶

Cross Compile

It is effective to have a cross compiling when debugging

Host PC: x86

Target: TX2 aarch64

sudo apt-get install g++-4.9-aarch64-linux-gnu

#Point out the target

set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Linux)

#Specify the cross compiler

#set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER /path/to/compiler)

set(CAME_CXX_COMPILER /usr/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-g++)

# Just make sure you set the CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH variable to a path where you have #an exact copy of the root filesystem you have on your target device (with libraries and binaries #pre-compiled for the target processor).

set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH /path/to/copied root filesysem of target)

set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PROGRAM NEVER)

set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_LIBRARY ONLY)

set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_INCLUDE ONLY)

CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PROGRAM sets the default behaviour for the FIND_PROGRAM() command. It can be set to NEVER, ONLY or BOTH (default). If set to NEVER, CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH will not be used for FIND_PROGRAM() calls (except where it is enabled explicitely). If set to ONLY, only the search directories with the prefixes coming from CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH will be used in FIND_PROGRAM(). The default is BOTH, which means that at first the prefixed directories and after that the unprefixed directories will be searched. In most cases FIND_PROGRAM() is used to search for an executable which will then be executed e.g. using EXECUTE_PROCESS() or ADD_CUSTOM_COMMAND(). So in most cases an executable from the build host is required, so usually set CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PROGRAM to NEVER.

You can make above file to ba X.cmake, and use CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE

cd build

cmake -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE = ~/X.cmake ..