【电赛day1】G题，麦克风IIS协议读取数据

1.IIS通信原理

除了电源引脚和芯片使能引脚，INMP441的引脚还包括SCK、SD、WS和L\R：
SCK：I2S时钟线，是由主机产生的高频方波，用来控制每位数据的传输时序
SD：I2S数据线，从机通过这根线把AD采样值发送给主机
WS：I2S声道选择线，I2S协议可以传输左右两个声道的数据，WS信号是由主机发送给从机的，从机根据WS的电平高低，判断当前数据帧发送左声道还是右声道数据，WS低电平时，从机发送左声道数据，高电平发送右声道。
L/R：芯片左右声道选择线，每个麦克风只能检测一处声源，因此若要进行双声道录音，就要使用两个模块，一左一右放置。

2.代码

2.1c库重定向

#include <stdio.h>

//c函数库的重定向
int fputc(int c,FILE* s)
{
	HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1,(const uint8_t*)&c,1,0xFFFF );
	return c;
}

2.2全局变量

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
uint32_t dma[4];
uint32_t val24;
int val32;
/* USER CODE END PV */

2.3回调函数

/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
unsigned cb_cnt=0;
//I2S接收完成回调函数
void HAL_I2S_RxCpltCallback(I2S_HandleTypeDef *hi2s)
{
	if(hi2s==&hi2s2){
		cb_cnt++;//回调次数计数
		//将两个32整型合并为一个
		//dat32 example: 0000fffb 00004f00
		val24=(dma[0]<<8)+(dma[1]>>8);
		//将24位有符号整型扩展到32位
		if(val24 & 0x800000){//negative
			val32=0xff000000 | val24;
		}else{//positive
			val32=val24;
		}
		//以采样频率的十分之一，串口发送采样值
		if(cb_cnt%10==0)
			printf("%d\r\n",val32);
	}
}
/* USER CODE END 0 */

2.4主函数

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file           : main.c
  * @brief          : Main program body
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2022 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
  * in the root directory of this software component.
  * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "dma.h"
#include "i2s.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include <stdio.h>
//#include "stm32f1xx_hal.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */

/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
uint32_t dma[4];
uint32_t val24;
int val32;
/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
unsigned cb_cnt=0;
//I2S接收完成回调函数
void HAL_I2S_RxCpltCallback(I2S_HandleTypeDef *hi2s)
{
	if(hi2s==&hi2s2){
		cb_cnt++;//回调次数计数
		//将两个32整型合并为一个
		//dat32 example: 0000fffb 00004f00
		val24=(dma[0]<<8)+(dma[1]>>8);
		//将24位有符号整型扩展到32位
		if(val24 & 0x800000){//negative
			val32=0xff000000 | val24;
		}else{//positive
			val32=val24;
		}
		//以采样频率的十分之一，串口发送采样值
		if(cb_cnt%10==0)
			printf("%d\r\n",val32);
	}
}
/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**
  * @brief  The application entry point.
  * @retval int
  */
int main(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_USART1_UART_Init();
  MX_DMA_Init();
  MX_I2S2_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */

  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  //开启DMA传输
  HAL_I2S_Receive_DMA(&hi2s2,(uint16_t*)dma,4);	
  while (1)
  {
  	HAL_Delay(10);
	
    /* USER CODE END WHILE */

    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}
//后面都是Cube自动生成的代码，省略

3.完成图