Rust基础-关于trait之四-不得不说一下rust fat point

DarcyZ_SSM

已于 2022-04-24 22:09:17 修改

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分类专栏： rust 文章标签： rust

于 2022-04-22 23:59:10 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/DarcyZ_SSM/article/details/124351982

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这张图相信C++的同学非常熟悉了，不就是继承、多态、虚函数、balabala嘛，是的没错。

那么rust是什么布局呢？

它看起来下下面这样子所谓的fat point

有啥好处呢？

1、可以为已有类型实现 trait（比如 blanket implementations）

2、调用虚表中的函数时，只需要引用一次，而在 C++ 中，需要两次。

以下代码是为了深入了解一下关于fat point的机制，

use std::mem::transmute;
use std::fmt::{Debug, Formatter, Error};

struct Fmtfn<'a, T: 'a>(&'a fn(&T, &mut Formatter) -> Result<(), Error>, &'a T);

impl<'a, T> Debug for Fmtfn<'a, T> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> Result<(), Error> {
        println!("self.0: {:?}", self.0 as *const _ as usize);
        println!("self.1: {:?}", self.1 as *const _ as usize);
        println!("f: {:?}", f as *const _ as usize);
        self.0(self.1, f)
    }
}

fn main() {
     let v: Vec<u64> = vec![1, 2, 3, 4];
     let a: &Vec<u64> = &v;
     let b: &[u64] = &v;
     let c: &dyn Debug = &v;

     let (_, vtable) = unsafe { transmute::<_, (usize, usize)>(c) };
     let fmt3 = unsafe { &*((vtable as *const fn(&Vec<u64>, &mut Formatter) -> Result<(), Error>).offset(3)) };
     let fmt0= unsafe { &*((vtable as *const fn(&Vec<u64>, &mut Formatter) -> Result<(), Error>).offset(0)) };
     let fmt1= unsafe { &*((vtable as *const fn(&Vec<u64>, &mut Formatter) -> Result<(), Error>).offset(1)) };
     let fmt2= unsafe { &*((vtable as *const fn(&Vec<u64>, &mut Formatter) -> Result<(), Error>).offset(2)) };
     println!("a: {}", a as *const _ as usize);
     println!("b: {:?}", unsafe { transmute::<_, (usize, usize)>(b) });
     println!("c: {:?}", unsafe { transmute::<_, (usize, usize)>(c) });
     println!("fmt0: {}", fmt0 as *const _ as usize);
     println!("fmt1: {}", fmt1 as *const _ as usize);
     println!("fmt2: {}", fmt2 as *const _ as usize);
     println!("fmt3: {}", fmt3 as *const _ as usize);
     println!("{:?}", unsafe { &*(vtable as *const [usize; 3]) });
     println!("{:?}", Fmtfn(fmt3, &v));
}

输出：