模电解析 第三章

本次仅包含大题

3-3答案：uc(0+) = 5/3V; ic(0+) = 5/12 mA; uR1(0+) = 25/6Ω

uc(0+) = uc(0-)，注意到换路前R1上有电流通过，故R1会分压，uc(0-) = Us*(R2/(R1+R2)) = 5/3V

换路后瞬间电路总电压为Us - uc(0+) = 25/3V，ic(0+) = (25/3)/(R1+R3) = 5/12 mA

uR1(0+) = R1*ic(0+) = 25/6Ω

3-4答案：(a)i(0+) = 0A; i(∞) = 1.5A; (b)i(0+) = 2A; i(∞) = 1.5A

对于(a)，uc(0+) = Us，故此时电路中无电流。t = ∞时i = Us/(2Ω+2Ω) = 1.5A

对于(b)，uc(0+) = Us*(1/3) = 2V，i(0+) = (Us-uc(0+))/2Ω = 2A，t = ∞时i = Us/(2Ω+2Ω) = 1.5A

注意在分析(b)时，被短路的那个电阻始终被忽略。

3-5答案：iL(0+) = 3A; iL(∞) = 6A

iL(0+) = iL(0-) = 6V/2Ω = 3A; iL(∞) = 6V / ( (2Ω*2Ω) / (2Ω+2Ω)) = 6A

3-6答案：iL(0+) = 2mA; uR(0+) = -10V

iL(0+) = 4V/2kΩ = 2mA; uR(0+) = iL(0+)*R =  10V，注意到R参考方向与iL相同，根据kvl将uR取反。

（注：本题原书中图像的换路方向是错误的，此处的配图进行了修正。）

3-7答案：τ = 8s, uc(τ) = 10/eV

τ = RC = 8Ω*1F = 8s; uc(0+) = 10V; 此响应为零输入响应，uc(t) = Uc(0+)*e^(-t/τ)，代入t =τ求解即可。

（注：本题原书中图像的换路方向是错误的，此处的配图进行了修正。）

3-8答案：uc(t) = (16e^(-t) - 6)V

uc(0+) = 10V; uc(∞) = -0.2A*30Ω = -6V（注意关联参考方向，根据kvl取负号）

τ = RC= 40Ω*0.025F = 1s

uc(t) = uc(0+)e^(-t/τ) + (1 - e^(-t/τ))uc(∞) = (16e^(-t) - 6)V

变化曲线：

3-9答案：uc(t) = (8 - 2e^(-t/0.18))V

uc(∞) = 10V*(40kΩ/(10kΩ+40kΩ)) = 8V; uc(0+) = 6V

由除源等效法得到如图所示等效电路：

端口处等效电阻R = 10kΩ + (10kΩ*40kΩ)/(10kΩ+40kΩ) = 18kΩ

τ = RC = 0.18s

uc(t) = uc(0+)e^(-t/τ) + (1 - e^(-t/τ))uc(∞) = (8 - 2e^(-t/0.18))V

（注：本题原书中图像的换路方向是错误的，此处的配图进行了修正。）

3-10答案：uc(t) = (4 + 4e^(-t))V; ic(t) = 2e^(-t)A

uc(0+) = 8V; uc(∞) = 4V; ic(0+) = uc(0+)/4Ω = 2A

由除源等效法得R = (4Ω*4Ω)/(4Ω+4Ω) = 2Ω（注意8Ω的电阻被短路）

τ = RC = 1s

uc(t) = uc(0+)e^(-t/τ) + (1 - e^(-t/τ))uc(∞) = (4 + 4e^(-t))V

ic(t) = ic(0+)e^(-t/τ) = 2e^(-t)A

uc(t)曲线为：

ic(t)曲线为：

3-11答案：iL(t) =10(1 - e^(-500t))A; iL(3ms) = 7.77A

电路为零状态响应，iL(∞) = 10A，R = 4Ω + (12Ω*12Ω)/(12Ω+12Ω) = 10Ω

τ = L/R = 1/500s

iL(t) = (1 - e^(-t/τ)iL(∞) = 10(1 - e^(-500t))A; iL(0.003) = 7.77A

3-12答案：iL(t) =  (10/3 - (4/3)e^(-300t))A; uab(t) = (100/3 +(80/3)e^(-300t))V

iL(0+) = 2A; iL(∞) = 10/3A; τ = L/R = 1/300s

iL(t) = iL(0+)e^(-t/τ) + (1 - e^(-t/τ)iL(∞) = 2e^(-300t) + 10/3 - (10/3)e^(-300t) = (10/3 - (4/3)e^(-300t))A

uab(t) = 10Ω*iL(t) + L*(diL(t)/dt) = 100/3 - (40/3)e^(-300t) + 0.1(300*(4/3))e^(-300t) = (100/3 +(80/3)e^(-300t))V

3-13答案：iL(t) = 2e^(-8t)A; uL(t) = -16e^(-8t)V

电路为零输入响应，iL(0+) = 2A，τ = L/R = 1/8s

iL(t) = iL(0+)e^(-t/τ) = 2e^(-8t)A

uL(t) = L*(diL(t)/dt) = -16e^(-8t)V

3-14答案：iL(t)= 2(1 - e^(-10t))A;u(t) = (50 + 10e^(-10t))V

电路为零状态响应，将理想电流源等效变化为理想电压源，得iL(∞) = 2A，τ = L/R = 10s

iL(t) = (1 - e^(-t/τ))iL(∞) = 2(1 - e^(-10t))A

uL(t) =L*(diL(t)/dt) = 20e^(-10t)V

由kvl得，u(t) = 10Ω*4A + uL(t) + iL(t)*5Ω = (50 + 10e^(-10t))V