多普勒频率的推导(纯公式版)
前奏
d
=
v
Δ
t
d=v\Delta t
d=vΔt
c
τ
=
c
Δ
t
+
v
Δ
t
c\tau=c\Delta t+v\Delta t
cτ=cΔt+vΔt
c
τ
′
=
c
Δ
t
−
v
Δ
t
c\tau'=c\Delta t-v\Delta t
cτ′=cΔt−vΔt
c
τ
′
c
τ
=
c
Δ
t
−
v
Δ
t
c
Δ
t
+
v
Δ
t
\frac{c\tau'}{c\tau}=\frac{c\Delta t-v\Delta t}{c\Delta t+v\Delta t}
cτcτ′=cΔt+vΔtcΔt−vΔt
τ
′
=
c
−
v
c
+
v
τ
\tau'=\frac{c-v}{c+v}\tau
τ′=c+vc−vτ
方法一
d
=
v
Δ
t
d=v\Delta t
d=vΔt
c
f
r
−
d
=
c
Δ
t
\frac{c}{f_r}-d=c\Delta t
frc−d=cΔt
Δ
t
=
1
c
+
v
c
f
r
\Delta t=\frac{1}{c+v}\frac{c}{f_r}
Δt=c+v1frc
d
=
1
f
r
c
v
c
+
v
d = \frac{1}{f_r}\frac{cv}{c+v}
d=fr1c+vcv
c
f
r
′
=
c
Δ
t
−
v
Δ
t
\frac{c}{f_r'}=c\Delta t-v\Delta t
fr′c=cΔt−vΔt
f
r
′
=
c
+
v
c
−
v
f
r
f_r'=\frac{c+v}{c-v}f_r
fr′=c−vc+vfr
f
0
′
=
c
+
v
c
−
v
f
0
f_0'=\frac{c+v}{c-v}f_0
f0′=c−vc+vf0
f
d
=
f
0
′
−
f
0
=
c
+
v
c
−
v
f
0
−
f
0
f_d=f_0'-f_0=\frac{c+v}{c-v}f_0-f_0
fd=f0′−f0=c−vc+vf0−f0
v
<
<
c
v<<c
v<<c
c
=
λ
f
0
c=\lambda f_0
c=λf0
f
d
=
2
v
c
f
0
=
2
v
λ
f_d=\frac{2v}{c}f_0=\frac{2v}{\lambda}
fd=c2vf0=λ2v
方法二
R
(
t
)
=
R
0
−
v
∗
(
t
−
t
0
)
R(t)=R_0-v*(t-t_0)
R(t)=R0−v∗(t−t0)
x
r
(
t
)
=
x
(
t
−
ϕ
(
t
)
)
x_r(t)=x(t-\phi (t))
xr(t)=x(t−ϕ(t))
ϕ
(
t
)
=
2
c
R
(
t
)
=
2
c
(
R
0
−
v
t
+
v
t
0
)
\phi (t)=\frac{2}{c}R(t)=\frac{2}{c}(R_0-vt+vt_0)
ϕ(t)=c2R(t)=c2(R0−vt+vt0)
x
r
(
t
)
=
x
(
(
1
+
2
v
c
)
t
−
ϕ
0
)
x_r(t)=x((1+\frac{2v}{c})t-\phi_0)
xr(t)=x((1+c2v)t−ϕ0)
ϕ
0
=
2
R
0
c
+
2
v
c
t
0
\phi_0=\frac{2R_0}{c}+\frac{2v}{c}t_0
ϕ0=c2R0+c2vt0
γ
=
1
+
2
v
c
\gamma=1+\frac{2v}{c}
γ=1+c2v
x
r
(
t
)
=
x
(
γ
t
−
ϕ
0
)
x_r(t)=x(\gamma t-\phi_0)
xr(t)=x(γt−ϕ0)
x
(
t
)
=
y
(
t
)
c
o
s
ω
0
t
x(t)=y(t)cos\omega_0 t
x(t)=y(t)cosω0t
x
r
(
t
)
=
y
(
γ
t
−
ϕ
0
)
c
o
s
(
γ
ω
0
t
−
ω
0
ϕ
0
)
x_r(t)=y(\gamma t-\phi_0)cos(\gamma \omega_0 t-\omega_0\phi_0)
xr(t)=y(γt−ϕ0)cos(γω0t−ω0ϕ0)
X
r
(
ω
)
=
1
2
γ
(
Y
(
ω
γ
−
ω
0
)
+
Y
(
ω
γ
+
ω
0
)
)
X_r(\omega)=\frac{1}{2\gamma}(Y(\frac{\omega}{\gamma}-\omega_0)+Y(\frac{\omega}{\gamma}+\omega_0))
Xr(ω)=2γ1(Y(γω−ω0)+Y(γω+ω0))
ω
d
=
ω
0
−
γ
ω
0
\omega_d=\omega_0-\gamma\omega_0
ωd=ω0−γω0
f
d
=
f
0
−
γ
f
0
f_d=f_0-\gamma f_0
fd=f0−γf0
f
d
=
2
v
c
f
0
=
2
v
λ
f_d=\frac{2v}{c}f_0=\frac{2v}{\lambda}
fd=c2vf0=λ2v