极坐标格式下的二维傅里叶变换与逆变换推导
直角坐标系下的二维傅里叶变换和逆变换分别如下:
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G(u,v)=\iint g(x,y)e^{-j2\pi (ux+vy)}dxdy \\ g(x,y)=\iint G(u,v)e^{j2\pi(ux+vy)}dudv
G(u,v)=∬g(x,y)e−j2π(ux+vy)dxdyg(x,y)=∬G(u,v)ej2π(ux+vy)dudv
现在,令
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x=rcos\theta \quad y=rsin\theta \quad u=fcos\phi \quad v=fsin\phi
x=rcosθy=rsinθu=fcosϕv=fsinϕ
由于
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J(r,\theta)=\begin{vmatrix} \frac{\partial x}{\partial r} & \frac{\partial x}{\partial \theta} \\ \frac{\partial y}{\partial r} & \frac{\partial y}{\partial \theta} \end{vmatrix}
J(r,θ)=∣∣∣∣∂r∂x∂r∂y∂θ∂x∂θ∂y∣∣∣∣
则,
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J(r,\theta)=\begin{vmatrix} cos\theta & -rsin\theta \\ sin\theta & rcos\theta \end{vmatrix}=r
J(r,θ)=∣∣∣∣cosθsinθ−rsinθrcosθ∣∣∣∣=r
同理, J ( f , ϕ ) = ∣ c o s ϕ − f s i n ϕ s i n ϕ f c o s ϕ ∣ = f J(f,\phi)=\begin{vmatrix} cos\phi & -fsin\phi \\ sin\phi & fcos\phi \end{vmatrix}=f J(f,ϕ)=∣∣∣∣cosϕsinϕ−fsinϕfcosϕ∣∣∣∣=f
又由于
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ux+vy=fcos\phi \space rcos\theta+fsin\phi \space rsin\theta \\=fr(cos\phi cos\theta+sin\phi sin\theta)=frcos(\phi-\theta)
ux+vy=fcosϕ rcosθ+fsinϕ rsinθ=fr(cosϕcosθ+sinϕsinθ)=frcos(ϕ−θ)
可得
极坐标格式下的二维傅里叶变换为:
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G(f,\phi)=\iint g(r,\theta)e^{-j2\pi frcos(\phi-\theta)}rdrd\theta
G(f,ϕ)=∬g(r,θ)e−j2πfrcos(ϕ−θ)rdrdθ
极坐标格式下的二维逆傅里叶变换为:
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g(r,\theta)=\iint G(f,\phi)e^{j2\pi frcos(\phi-\theta)}fdfd\phi
g(r,θ)=∬G(f,ϕ)ej2πfrcos(ϕ−θ)fdfdϕ