基本方法
./test.sh &
让shell关闭，进程而不死
nohup ./test.sh &
同上
setsid ./test.sh &
文章目录
20230816
Linux Bash 后台运行脚本三种方法：&、nohup、setsid
在许多Linux系统管理任务中，我们经常需要在后台运行一些进程或者脚本，以便它们能够无人干预地持续工作。本文将深入讨论三种在Linux bash中运行后台进程的常见方法：&、nohup、setsid。我们将对每种方法进行详细的解释和比较，并提供实际应用示例。
&操作符
定义和使用
&操作符是一种在bash shell中将进程放入后台执行的简单方法。通常，在命令末尾添加&就可以使命令在后台运行。
例如：
./your-script.sh &
这里，./your-script.sh是你想要在后台运行的bash脚本。加上&操作符后，该脚本会立即在后台启动并执行。
注意事项
使用&操作符启动的后台进程会在当前shell会话结束时被终止。这意味着如果你关闭了启动这个进程的终端或者窗口，那么这个进程也会随之结束。
nohup 命令
定义和使用
nohup是一个允许在后台无挂起地运行命令的程序。nohup是“no hang up”的缩写，直译为“不挂断”，它可以在你退出帐户/关闭终端后继续运行相应的进程。
例如：
nohup ./your-script.sh &
注意事项
默认情况下，nohup命令会将stdout（标准输出）和stderr（标准错误）重定向到一个名为nohup.out的文件中，除非另外指定。如果你想将输出重定向到其他文件，可以使用以下方式：
nohup ./your-script.sh > output.txt &
此处，output.txt是存储所有输出的文件。
setsid 命令
定义和使用
setsid命令在新的会话中运行程序，使其成为新会话的领导者。使用setsid，我们可以创建一个完全独立的会话来运行我们的进程，从而避免在原始会话结束时进程被杀死的问题。
例如：
setsid ./your-script.sh
注意事项
使用setsid时，需要注意与前两种方法的主要区别：setsid并不会自动将进程的输入、输出或错误重定向到/dev/null，所以如果你想忽略这些，需要显式地重定向它们。
例如：
setsid ./your-script.sh >/dev/null 2>&1 < /dev/null
总结
&、nohup和setsid都是在Linux bash中运行后台进程的有效方法，但它们各有优势和适用场景。&操作符简单易用，适合临时后台运行进程；nohup命令适合长期运行的进程，特别是在用户注销或终端关闭的情况下；setsid命令则为进程创建了一个新的会话，使其与原始会话完全分离，适合需要完全独立运行的进程。
参考文章
- Linux Nohup: Run a Command or Shell-Script Even after You Logout
- Running Bash commands in the background the right way
- Using the setsid command
ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ ᅟᅠ
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