1、观察者Observer模式
- 观察者模式是行为型模式;
- 行为型模式: 主要关注的是对象之间的通信
- 观察者模式又叫做观察者(Observer)监听者(Listener)模式,也叫发布(Publish)订阅(Subscribe)模式
- 主要关注的是对象的一对多的关系,也就是多个对象都依赖一个对象,当该对象的状态发生改变时,其它对象都能够接收到相应的通知。
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <list>
using namespace std;
class Observer
{
public:
virtual void handle(int msgid) = 0;
};
class Observer1 : public Observer
{
public:
void handle(int msgid)
{
switch (msgid)
{
case 1:
cout << "Observer1 recv 1 msg!" << endl;
break;
case 2:
cout << "Observer1 recv 2 msg!" << endl;
break;
default:
cout << "Observer1 recv unknow msg!" << endl;
break;
}
}
};
class Observer2 : public Observer
{
public:
void handle(int msgid)
{
switch (msgid)
{
case 2:
cout << "Observer2 recv 2 msg!" << endl;
break;
default:
cout << "Observer2 recv unknow msg!" << endl;
break;
}
}
};
class Observer3 : public Observer
{
public:
void handle(int msgid)
{
switch (msgid)
{
case 1:
cout << "Observer3 recv 1 msg!" << endl;
break;
case 3:
cout << "Observer3 recv 3 msg!" << endl;
break;
default:
cout << "Observer3 recv unknow msg!" << endl;
break;
}
}
};
class Subject
{
public:
void addObserver(Observer* obser, int msgid)
{
_subMap[msgid].push_back(obser);
}
void dispatch(int msgid)
{
auto it = _subMap.find(msgid);
if (it != _subMap.end())
{
for (Observer* pObser : it->second)
{
pObser->handle(msgid);
}
}
}
private:
unordered_map<int, list<Observer*>> _subMap;
};
int main()
{
Subject subject;
Observer* p1 = new Observer1();
Observer* p2 = new Observer2();
Observer* p3 = new Observer3();
subject.addObserver(p1, 1);
subject.addObserver(p1, 2);
subject.addObserver(p2, 2);
subject.addObserver(p3, 1);
subject.addObserver(p3, 3);
int msgid = 0;
for (;;)
{
cout << "输入消息id:";
cin >> msgid;
if (msgid == -1)
break;
subject.dispatch(msgid);
}
return 0;
}