注:写了一系列的结构体的分析的文章,在这里列一个列表:
FFMPEG结构体分析:AVFrame
FFMPEG结构体分析:AVFormatContext
FFMPEG结构体分析:AVCodecContext
FFMPEG结构体分析:AVIOContext
FFMPEG结构体分析:AVCodec
FFMPEG结构体分析:AVStream
FFMPEG结构体分析:AVPacket
FFMPEG有几个最重要的结构体,包含了解协议,解封装,解码操作,此前已经进行过分析:
在此不再详述,其中AVStream是存储每一个视频/音频流信息的结构体。本文将会分析一下该结构体里重要变量的含义和作用。
首先看一下结构体的定义(位于avformat.h文件中):
- /* 雷霄骅
- * 中国传媒大学/数字电视技术
- * leixiaohua1020@126.com
- *
- */
- /**
- * Stream structure.
- * New fields can be added to the end with minor version bumps.
- * Removal, reordering and changes to existing fields require a major
- * version bump.
- * sizeof(AVStream) must not be used outside libav*.
- */
- typedef struct AVStream {
- int index; /**< stream index in AVFormatContext */
- /**
- * Format-specific stream ID.
- * decoding: set by libavformat
- * encoding: set by the user
- */
- int id;
- AVCodecContext *codec; /**< codec context */
- /**
- * Real base framerate of the stream.
- * This is the lowest framerate with which all timestamps can be
- * represented accurately (it is the least common multiple of all
- * framerates in the stream). Note, this value is just a guess!
- * For example, if the time base is 1/90000 and all frames have either
- * approximately 3600 or 1800 timer ticks, then r_frame_rate will be 50/1.
- */
- AVRational r_frame_rate;
- void *priv_data;
- /**
- * encoding: pts generation when outputting stream
- */
- struct AVFrac pts;
- /**
- * This is the fundamental unit of time (in seconds) in terms
- * of which frame timestamps are represented. For fixed-fps content,
- * time base should be 1/framerate and timestamp increments should be 1.
- * decoding: set by libavformat
- * encoding: set by libavformat in av_write_header
- */
- AVRational time_base;
- /**
- * Decoding: pts of the first frame of the stream in presentation order, in stream time base.
- * Only set this if you are absolutely 100% sure that the value you set
- * it to really is the pts of the first frame.
- * This may be undefined (AV_NOPTS_VALUE).
- * @note The ASF header does NOT contain a correct start_time the ASF
- * demuxer must NOT set this.
- */
- int64_t start_time;
- /**
- * Decoding: duration of the stream, in stream time base.
- * If a source file does not specify a duration, but does specify
- * a bitrate, this value will be estimated from bitrate and file size.
- */
- int64_t duration;
- int64_t nb_frames; ///< number of frames in this stream if known or 0
- int disposition; /**< AV_DISPOSITION_* bit field */
- enum AVDiscard discard; ///< Selects which packets can be discarded at will and do not need to be demuxed.
- /**
- * sample aspect ratio (0 if unknown)
- * - encoding: Set by user.
- * - decoding: Set by libavformat.
- */
- AVRational sample_aspect_ratio;
- AVDictionary *metadata;
- /**
- * Average framerate
- */
- AVRational avg_frame_rate;
- /**
- * For streams with AV_DISPOSITION_ATTACHED_PIC disposition, this packet
- * will contain the attached picture.
- *
- * decoding: set by libavformat, must not be modified by the caller.
- * encoding: unused
- */
- AVPacket attached_pic;
- /*****************************************************************
- * All fields below this line are not part of the public API. They
- * may not be used outside of libavformat and can be changed and
- * removed at will.
- * New public fields should be added right above.
- *****************************************************************
- */
- /**
- * Stream information used internally by av_find_stream_info()
- */
- #define MAX_STD_TIMEBASES (60*12+5)
- struct {
- int64_t last_dts;
- int64_t duration_gcd;
- int duration_count;
- double duration_error[2][2][MAX_STD_TIMEBASES];
- int64_t codec_info_duration;
- int nb_decoded_frames;
- int found_decoder;
- } *info;
- int pts_wrap_bits; /**< number of bits in pts (used for wrapping control) */
- // Timestamp generation support:
- /**
- * Timestamp corresponding to the last dts sync point.
- *
- * Initialized when AVCodecParserContext.dts_sync_point >= 0 and
- * a DTS is received from the underlying container. Otherwise set to
- * AV_NOPTS_VALUE by default.
- */
- int64_t reference_dts;
- int64_t first_dts;
- int64_t cur_dts;
- int64_t last_IP_pts;
- int last_IP_duration;
- /**
- * Number of packets to buffer for codec probing
- */
- #define MAX_PROBE_PACKETS 2500
- int probe_packets;
- /**
- * Number of frames that have been demuxed during av_find_stream_info()
- */
- int codec_info_nb_frames;
- /**
- * Stream Identifier
- * This is the MPEG-TS stream identifier +1
- * 0 means unknown
- */
- int stream_identifier;
- int64_t interleaver_chunk_size;
- int64_t interleaver_chunk_duration;
- /* av_read_frame() support */
- enum AVStreamParseType need_parsing;
- struct AVCodecParserContext *parser;
- /**
- * last packet in packet_buffer for this stream when muxing.
- */
- struct AVPacketList *last_in_packet_buffer;
- AVProbeData probe_data;
- #define MAX_REORDER_DELAY 16
- int64_t pts_buffer[MAX_REORDER_DELAY+1];
- AVIndexEntry *index_entries; /**< Only used if the format does not
- support seeking natively. */
- int nb_index_entries;
- unsigned int index_entries_allocated_size;
- /**
- * flag to indicate that probing is requested
- * NOT PART OF PUBLIC API
- */
- int request_probe;
- } AVStream;
AVStream重要的变量如下所示:
int index:标识该视频/音频流
AVCodecContext *codec:指向该视频/音频流的AVCodecContext(它们是一一对应的关系)
AVRational time_base:时基。通过该值可以把PTS,DTS转化为真正的时间。FFMPEG其他结构体中也有这个字段,但是根据我的经验,只有AVStream中的time_base是可用的。PTS*time_base=真正的时间
int64_t duration:该视频/音频流长度
AVDictionary *metadata:元数据信息
AVRational avg_frame_rate:帧率(注:对视频来说,这个挺重要的)
AVPacket attached_pic:附带的图片。比如说一些MP3,AAC音频文件附带的专辑封面。
该结构体其他字段的作用目前还有待于探索。
原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/leixiaohua1020/article/details/14215821