Win32学习（九） 菜单分类

菜单分类
窗口的顶层菜单
弹出式菜单
系统菜单

HMENU类型表示菜单，ID表示菜单项。

资源相关
资源脚本文件：*.rc文件
编译器: RC.EXE

CL.EXE
.c/.cpp ------ .obj| -------- > .obj| LINK.EXE
RC.EXE | -----------------> .exe
.rc ---------------------------->.res|

菜单资源的使用
添加菜单资源
加载菜单资源
1> 注册窗口类时设置菜单
2>创建窗口传参设置菜单
3>在主窗口WM_CREATE消息中利用SetMenu函数设置菜单
加载菜单资源
HMENU LoadMenu(
HINSTANCE hInstance, //handle to module
LPCTSTR IpMenuName // menu name or rersource identifier
);

#include <windows.h>
#include "resource.h"  //添加
HINSTANCE g_hInstance = 0;
void OnCreate(HWND hWnd) {
	HMENU hMenu = LoadMenu(g_hInstance, (char*)IDR_MENU1);
	SetMenu(hWnd, hMenu);
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT msgID, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM IParam)
{
	switch (msgID) {
	case WM_CREATE:
		OnCreate(hWnd);
		break;
	case WM_DESTROY:
		PostQuitMessage(0);
		break;
	}
	return DefWindowProc(hWnd, msgID, wParam, IParam);
}

int CALLBACK WinMain(HINSTANCE hIns, HINSTANCE hPreIns, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) {
	g_hInstance = hIns;
	WNDCLASS wc = { 0 };
	wc.cbClsExtra = 0;
	wc.cbWndExtra = 0;
	wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW + 1);
	wc.hCursor = NULL;
	wc.hIcon = NULL;
	wc.hInstance = hIns;
	wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
	wc.lpszClassName = "Main";
	wc.lpszMenuName = NULL;//(char*)IDR_MENU1;  //设置菜单
	wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
	RegisterClass(&wc); //将以上所有赋值全部写入操作系统中
	//在内存创建窗口
	//HMENU hMenu = LoadMenu(hIns, (char*)IDR_MENU1);
	HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx(0, "Main", "window", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 100, 100, 500, 500, NULL, NULL
		, hIns
		, NULL); //倒数第三个（菜单句柄 ）

	//显示窗口
	ShowWindow(hWnd, SW_SHOW);
	UpdateWindow(hWnd);
	//消息循环
	MSG nMsg = { 0 };
	while (GetMessage(&nMsg, NULL, 0, 0)) { //抓消息
		TranslateMessage(&nMsg);//翻译消息
		DispatchMessage(&nMsg);//派发消息：将消息交给窗口处理函数来处理。
	}

	return 0;
}
//需要在任务管理器中退出线程！

命令消息处理（WM_COMMAND）处理
附带信息:
wPARAM:
HIWORD - 对于菜单为0
LOWORD - 菜单项的ID
IPARAM - 对于菜单为0

#include <windows.h>
#include "resource.h"  //添加
HINSTANCE g_hInstance = 0;
void OnCreate(HWND hWnd) {
	HMENU hMenu = LoadMenu(g_hInstance, (char*)IDR_MENU1);
	SetMenu(hWnd, hMenu);
}
void OnCommand(HWND hWnd, WPARAM wParam) {
	switch (LOWORD(wParam))
	{
	case ID_NEW:
		MessageBox(hWnd, "新建被点击", "Infor",MB_OK);
		break;
	case ID_EXIT:
		MessageBox(hWnd, "退出被点击", "Infor", MB_OK);
		break;
	case ID_ABOUT:
		MessageBox(hWnd, "关于被点击", "Infor", MB_OK);
		break;
	}
}

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT msgID, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM IParam)
{
	switch (msgID) {
	case WM_COMMAND:
		OnCommand(hWnd, wParam);
		break;
	case WM_CREATE:
		OnCreate(hWnd);
		break;
	case WM_DESTROY:
		PostQuitMessage(0);
		break;
	}
	return DefWindowProc(hWnd, msgID, wParam, IParam);
}

int CALLBACK WinMain(HINSTANCE hIns, HINSTANCE hPreIns, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) {
	g_hInstance = hIns;
	WNDCLASS wc = { 0 };
	wc.cbClsExtra = 0;
	wc.cbWndExtra = 0;
	wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW + 1);
	wc.hCursor = NULL;
	wc.hIcon = NULL;
	wc.hInstance = hIns;
	wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
	wc.lpszClassName = "Main";
	wc.lpszMenuName = NULL;//(char*)IDR_MENU1;  //设置菜单
	wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
	RegisterClass(&wc); //将以上所有赋值全部写入操作系统中
	//在内存创建窗口
	//HMENU hMenu = LoadMenu(hIns, (char*)IDR_MENU1);
	HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx(0, "Main", "window", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 100, 100, 500, 500, NULL, NULL
		, hIns
		, NULL); //倒数第三个（菜单句柄 ）

	//显示窗口
	ShowWindow(hWnd, SW_SHOW);
	UpdateWindow(hWnd);
	//消息循环
	MSG nMsg = { 0 };
	while (GetMessage(&nMsg, NULL, 0, 0)) { //抓消息
		TranslateMessage(&nMsg);//翻译消息
		DispatchMessage(&nMsg);//派发消息：将消息交给窗口处理函数来处理。
	}

	return 0;
}
//需要在任务管理器中退出线程！

图标资源
添加资源
注意i图标的大小，一个图标文件中，可以有多个不同大小的图标。

加载
HICON LoadIcon(
HINSTANCE hInstance,
LPCTSTR IpIconName
);成功返回HICON句柄

设置
注册窗口类

#include <windows.h>
#include "resource.h"
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT msgID, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM IParam)
{
	switch (msgID) {
	case WM_DESTROY:
		PostQuitMessage(0);
		break;
	}
	return DefWindowProc(hWnd, msgID, wParam, IParam);
}

int CALLBACK WinMain(HINSTANCE hIns, HINSTANCE hPreIns, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) {
	WNDCLASS wc = { 0 };
	wc.cbClsExtra = 0;
	wc.cbWndExtra = 0;
	wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW + 1);
	wc.hCursor = NULL;
	wc.hIcon = LoadIcon(hIns,(char*)IDI_ICON1); //写在这里！
	wc.hInstance = hIns;
	wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
	wc.lpszClassName = "Main";
	wc.lpszMenuName = NULL;
	wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
	RegisterClass(&wc); //将以上所有赋值全部写入操作系统中
	//在内存创建窗口
	HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx(0, "Main", "window", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 100, 100, 500, 500, NULL, NULL
		, hIns
		, NULL);

	//显示窗口
	ShowWindow(hWnd, SW_SHOW);
	UpdateWindow(hWnd);
	//消息循环
	MSG nMsg = { 0 };
	while (GetMessage(&nMsg, NULL, 0, 0)) { //抓消息
		TranslateMessage(&nMsg);//翻译消息
		DispatchMessage(&nMsg);//派发消息：将消息交给窗口处理函数来处理。
	}

	return 0;
}
//需要在任务管理器中退出线程！

光标资源
添加光标的资源
光标的大小默认是32X32像素,每个光标有HotSpot,是当前鼠标的热点
加载资源
HCURSOR LoadCursor(
HINSTANCE hInstance，
LPCTSTR IpCursorName
);hInstance - 可以为NULL,获取系统默认的Cursor
设置资源
在注册窗口时,设置光标
使用SetCursor设置光标

HCURSOR SetCursor(
HCURSOR hCursor //handle to cursor
);

WM_SETCURSOR 消息参数
wPARAM - 当前使用的光标句柄
IPARAM - LOWORD 当前区域的代码 (Hit - Test code)
HTCLIENT / HTCAPTION…
HIWORD - 当前鼠标消息ID

#include <windows.h>
#include "resource.h"
HINSTANCE g_hInstance = 0;
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT msgID, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM IParam)
{
	switch (msgID) {
	case WM_SETCURSOR:
	{
		HCURSOR hCur = LoadCursor(g_hInstance, (char*)IDC_CURSOR2);
		if (LOWORD(IParam) == HTCLIENT) {
			SetCursor(hCur);
			return 0;
		}
		else
		{

		}
	}
	break;
	case WM_DESTROY:
		PostQuitMessage(0);
		break;
	}
	return DefWindowProc(hWnd, msgID, wParam, IParam);
}

int CALLBACK WinMain(HINSTANCE hIns, HINSTANCE hPreIns, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) {
	g_hInstance = hIns;
	WNDCLASS wc = { 0 };
	wc.cbClsExtra = 0;
	wc.cbWndExtra = 0;
	wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW + 1);
	wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(hIns,(char*)IDC_CURSOR1);
	wc.hIcon = LoadIcon(hIns,(char*)IDI_ICON1); //写在这里！
	wc.hInstance = hIns;
	wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
	wc.lpszClassName = "Main";
	wc.lpszMenuName = NULL;
	wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
	RegisterClass(&wc); //将以上所有赋值全部写入操作系统中
	//在内存创建窗口
	HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx(0, "Main", "window", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 100, 100, 500, 500, NULL, NULL
		, hIns
		, NULL);
	//显示窗口
	ShowWindow(hWnd, SW_SHOW);
	UpdateWindow(hWnd);
	//消息循环
	MSG nMsg = { 0 };
	while (GetMessage(&nMsg, NULL, 0, 0)) { //抓消息
		TranslateMessage(&nMsg);//翻译消息
		DispatchMessage(&nMsg);//派发消息：将消息交给窗口处理函数来处理。
	}
	return 0;
}
//需要在任务管理器中退出线程！