OSPF综合实验

1.网段划分

172.16.0.0/16   
172.16.0.0/19    六个区域借三位，八个网段用六段
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

172.16.0.0/19  area0
172.16.0.0/24--p2p
172.16.0.0/30
......

172.16.1.0/24--MA
172.16.1.0/29
......

172.16.32.0/19    area1
172.16.32.0/24--p2p
172.16.32.0/30
......

172.16.33.0/24--MA
172.16.33.0/29
......

172.16.64.0/19    area2
172.16.64.0/24--P2P
172.16.64.0/30
.....

172.16.65.0/24--MA
172.16.65.0/29
......

172.16.96.0/19    area3
172.16.96.0/24--P2P
172.16.96.0/30
......

172.16.97.0/24--MA
172.16.97.0/29
......

172.16.128.0/19       area4
172.16.128.0/24--P2P
172.16.128.0/30
......

172.16.129.0/24--MA
172.16.129.0/29
......

172.16.160.0/19      rip

172.16.160.0/24

172.16.161.0/24

172.16.192.0/19
172.16.224.0/19

2.拓扑概要

3.配各个公网链路和环回

area0

[R3]int s 4/0/0
[R3-Serial4/0/0]ip add 34.0.0.1 24
[R3-Serial4/0/0]q
[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.0.0.2

[R4]int s 4/0/0
[R4-Serial4/0/0]ip add 34.0.0.2 24
[R4-Serial4/0/0]int s 4/0/1
[R4-Serial4/0/1]ip add 45.0.0.2 24
[R4-Serial4/0/1]int s 3/0/0
[R4-Serial3/0/0]ip add 46.0.0.2 24
[R4-Serial3/0/0]int g 0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 47.0.0.2 24
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo 0                        #公网环回模拟互联网
[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 4.4.4.4 24

[R5]int s 4/0/0
[R5-Serial4/0/0]ip add 45.0.0.1 24
[R5-Serial4/0/0]int l0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.2.1 24
[R5-LoopBack0]q
[R5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 45.0.0.2

[R6]int s 4/0/0
[R6-Serial4/0/0]ip add 46.0.0.1 24
[R6-Serial4/0/0]int l0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.3.1 24
[R6-LoopBack0]q
[R6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 46.0.0.2

[R7]int g 0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 47.0.0.1 24
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.4.1 24
[R7-LoopBack0]q
[R7]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 47.0.0.2

area1

[R1]int g 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.1 29
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.34.1 24
 

[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.2 29
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.35.1 24
 

[R3]int g 0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.3 29
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.36.1 24

area2
 

[R6]int g 0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.64.1 30
 

[R11]int g 0/0/0
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.64.2 30
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.64.5 30

[R11]int l0
[R11-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.66.1 24

[R12]int g 0/0/0
[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.64.6 30

area3

[R7]int g0/0/1
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.96.1 30
 

[R8]int g0/0/0
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.96.2 30
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.96.5 30

[R8]int l0
[R8-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.98.1 24

[R9]int g 0/0/0
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.96.6 30

[R9]int l0
[R9-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.99.1 24

area4

[R9]int g0/0/1
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.128.1 30
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R9-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.130.1 24

[R10]int g0/0/0
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.128.2 30
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R10-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.131.1 24

RIP

[R12]int l0
[R12-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.160.1 24
[R12-LoopBack0]int l1
[R12-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.161.1 24

4.R3中心的MGRE隧道

[R3]int t 0/0/0
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.1 29        #模拟MA骨干
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp 
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]source 34.0.0.1
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic        #开启伪广播

interface Tunnel0/0/0
 ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.248 
 tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
 source 34.0.0.1
 nhrp entry multicast dynamic
 nhrp network-id 100

[R5]int t 0/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.2 29
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp 
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]source s 4/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.0.0.1 register 

[R6]int t 0/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.3 29
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp 
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]source s 4/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.0.0.1 register 

[R7]int t0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.4 29
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp    
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]source g 0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.0.0.1 register

检验

5.启动ospf

[R1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1    
[R1-ospf-1]area 1
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.32.0 0.0.31.255
 
 
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2    
[R2-ospf-1]area 1
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.32.0 0.0.31.255
 
 

[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]area 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.33.3 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.36.1 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]area 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.1 0.0.0.0

[R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5    
[R5-ospf-1]area 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.2.1 0.0.0.0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.2 0.0.0.0
 
 

[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-ospf-1]area 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.3.1 0.0.0.0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.3 0.0.0.0
[R6-ospf-1]area 2
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.64.1 0.0.0.0

[R7-ospf-1]area 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.4.1 0.0.0.0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.4 0.0.0.0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]area 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.96.1 0.0.0.0

[R8]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8
[R8-ospf-1]area 3
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.96.0 0.0.31.255

[R9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9
[R9-ospf-1]area 3
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.96.6 0.0.0.0
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]area 4
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.31.255

[R10]ospf 1 router-id 10.10.10.10
[R10-ospf-1]area 4
[R10-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.31.255

[R11]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11
[R11-ospf-1]area 2
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.64.0 0.0.31.255

[R12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12
[R12-ospf-1]area 2
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.64.0 0.0.31.255

6.更改R3,R5,R6,R7的tunnel接口类型
 

[R3]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp
 
 
[R5]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp
 
 
[R6]int Tunnel 0/0/0    
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp
 
 
[R7]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp

检验 

7.在R12上进行重发布，使得运行OSPF的设备学习到域外路由信息

[R12]ospf 1
[R12-ospf-1]import-route rip
[R12-ospf-1]rip 1
[R12-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0

远离骨干的area4创建一个新的ospf区域2

[R9]ospf 1
[R9-ospf-1]undo area 4
[R9-ospf-2]q
[R9]ospf 2 router-id 9.9.9.9
[R9-ospf-2]area 0 
[R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.31.255

[R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.0]q
[R9-ospf-2]q
[R9]ospf 1
[R9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2

[R10]undo ospf 1
Warning: The OSPF process will be deleted. Continue? [Y/N]:y
[R10]ospf 2 router-id 10.10.10.10
[R10-ospf-2]area 0
[R10-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.31.255

8.路由汇总

[R3]ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1]area 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0

[R6]ospf 1
[R6-ospf-1]area 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.224.0

[R7]ospf 1
[R7-ospf-1]area 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0 

[R9]ospf 1
[R9-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.224.0

[R12]ospf
[R12-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.160.0 255.255.224.0

9.特殊区域 

[R1]ospf
[R1-ospf-1]area 1
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub

[R2]ospf
[R2-ospf-1]area 1
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub

[R3]ospf
[R3-ospf-1]area 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary 

[R6]ospf
[R6-ospf-1]area 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary

[R11]ospf
[R11-ospf-1]area 2
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa

[R12]ospf
[R12-ospf-1]area 2
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa

[R9]ospf 2
[R9-ospf-2]default-route-advertise

10.配置nat，使得可以访问公网

[R3]acl 2000
[R3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit s 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R3-acl-basic-2000]int s 4/0/0
[R3-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

[R5]acl 2000
[R5-acl-basic-2000]ru    
[R5-acl-basic-2000]rule pe    
[R5-acl-basic-2000]rule permit s 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R5-acl-basic-2000]int s 4/0/0
[R5-Serial4/0/0]nat    
[R5-Serial4/0/0]nat out    
[R5-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

[R6]acl 2000
[R6-acl-basic-2000]rule permit s 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R6-acl-basic-2000]int s 4/0/0
[R6-Serial4/0/0]int s 4/0/0
[R6-Serial4/0/0]nat ou    
[R6-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

[R7]acl 2000
[R7-acl-basic-2000]rule permit s 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R7-acl-basic-2000]int g 0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat ou    
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000

11.区域加密认证 

[R1]ospf 1
[R1-ospf-1]area 1
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
 

[R2]ospf 1    
[R2-ospf-1]area 1    
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
 

[R3]ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1]area 1    
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

12.加快收敛，修改hello时间 

[R3]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10
 
 
[R5]int Tunnel 0/0/0    
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10
 
 
[R6]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10
 
 
[R7]int Tunnel 0/0/0    
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10

13.全网可达