C++设计模式（2）：状态模式(代码)

状态模式代码（上篇博客超过代码限制）

class GumballMachine;
/* 抽象接口，在此接口内，糖果机的每个动作都有一个对应的方法 */
class State{
public:
	virtual void insertQuarter() = 0; /* 投入25分钱 */
	virtual void ejectQuarter() = 0;  /* 退回25分钱 */
	virtual void turnCrank() = 0;     /* 转动曲柄 */
	virtual void dispense() = 0;      /* 发放糖果 */
};

/* 没有25分钱状态：根据状态图，当前状态只能执行"投入25分钱"的动作 */
class NoQuarterState:public State {
private:
	GumballMachine *gumballMachine;
public:
	NoQuarterState(GumballMachine *gumballMachine) {
		this->gumballMachine = gumballMachine;
	}
	/* 当前状态下，可以投币，机器状态根据状态图改变 */
	void insertQuarter() {
		cout << "You inserted a quarter" << endl;
		gumballMachine->setState(gumballMachine->getHasQuarterState());
	}
	/* 不恰当操作 */
	void ejectQuarter() { 
		cout << "You have not inserted a quarter"<<endl;
	}
	/* 不恰当操作 */
	void turnCrank() { 
		cout << "You turned,but there is no quarter" << endl;
	}
	/* 不恰当操作 */
	void dispense() {
		cout << "You need to pay quarter first."<<endl;
	}
};

/* 有25分钱状态：根据状态图，当前状态可以执行"退回25分钱"和"转动曲柄"的动作 */
class HasQuarterState:public State {
private:
	GumballMachine *gumballMachine;
public:
	HasQuarterState(GumballMachine *gumballMachine) {
		this->gumballMachine = gumballMachine;
	}
	/* 不恰当操作 */
	void insertQuarter() {
		cout << "You can't insert another quarter." << endl;
	}
	/* 当前状态下，可以退出25分钱，状态需要根据状态图改变 */
	void ejectQuarter() {
		cout << "Quarter returned" << endl;
		gumballMachine->setState(gumballMachine->getNoQuarterState());
	}
	/* 当前状态下，可以转动曲柄，状态需要根据状态图改变 */
	void turnCrank() {
		cout << "You turned the Crank..." << endl;
		gumballMachine->setState(gumballMachine->getSoldState());
	}
	/* 不恰当操作 */
	void dispense() {
		cout << "No gumball disoensed"<<endl;
	}
};

/* 售出糖果状态：根据状态图，当前状态只能执行"发放糖果"的动作 */
class SoldState:public State {
private:
	GumballMachine *gumballMachine;
public:
	SoldState(GumballMachine *gumballMachine) {
		this->gumballMachine = gumballMachine;
	}
	/* 不恰当操作 */
	void insertQuarter() {
		cout << "Pleaae wait, we're already giving you a gunball" << endl;
	}
	/* 不恰当操作 */
	void ejectQuarter() {
		cout << "Sorry, you aleady turned the crank." << endl;
	}
	/* 不恰当操作 */
	void turnCrank() {
		cout << "Turning twice doesn't get you another gunball" << endl;
	}
	/* 当前状态可以放糖果 */
	void dispense() {
		gumballMachine->releaseBall();
		if (gumballMachine->getCount() > 0){
			gumballMachine->setState(gumballMachine->getNoQuarterState());
		} else {
			gumballMachine->setState(gumballMachine->getSoldState());
		}
	}
};

/* 售罄状态：根据状态图，当前状态都不能执行，只有等着人员给机器装糖果 */
class SoldOutState:public State {
private:
	GumballMachine *gumballMachine;
public:
	SoldOutState(GumballMachine *gumballMachine) {
		this->gumballMachine = gumballMachine;
	}
	void insertQuarter() {
		cout << "you can't insert a quarter, the machine is sold out" << endl;
	}
	void ejectQuarter() {
		cout << "you can't insert a quarter, you have not inserted a quarter yet" << endl;
	}
	void turnCrank() {
		cout << "you turned, but there no gumballs" << endl;
	}
	void dispense() {
		cout << "No gumball dispensed" << endl;
	}
};

class GumballMachine{
private:
	State *soldOutState;
	State *noQuarterState;
	State *hasQuarterState;
	State *soldState;
	State *state = soldOutState;
	int count = 0;
public:
	GumballMachine(int count) {
		soldOutState = new SoldOutState(this);
		noQuarterState = new NoQuarterState(this);
		hasQuarterState = new HasQuarterState(this);
		soldOutState = new SoldState(this);
		this->count = count;
		if (count > 0) {
			state = noQuarterState;//糖果机初始状态
		}
	}
	void insertQuarter() {
		state->insertQuarter();
	}
	void ejectQuarter() {
		state->ejectQuarter();
	}
	void turnCrank(){
		state->turnCrank();
		state->dispense();
	}
	void setState(State *state){
		this->state = state;
	}
	void releaseBall(){
		cout << "A gumball comes rolling out the slot"<<endl;
		if (count != 0){
			count = count - 1;
		}
	}
	State* getSoldState() {
		return soldState;
	}
	State* getHasQuarterState() {
		return hasQuarterState;
	}
	State* getNoQuarterState() {
		return noQuarterState;
	}
	State* getSoldOutState() {
		return soldOutState;
	}
	int getCount(){
		return count;
	}
};