RT-Thread 使用外部时钟

方法

直接修改drv_clk文件中的system_clock_config()函数

至于board.h中的

#define BSP_CLOCK_SOURCE                  ("HSE")
#define BSP_CLOCK_SOURCE_FREQ_MHZ         ((int32_t)8)
#define BSP_CLOCK_SYSTEM_FREQ_MHZ         ((int32_t)72)

推荐根据自己的情况更改 [ 但其实这个改不改并不会影响到时钟配置,因为RT_Thread压根好像没有使用这几个参数,目前看来是这样的2022/1/24 ]

源码分析

startup_stm32f103xe.S文件

/* Call the clock system intitialization function.*/
    bl  SystemInit
/* Call static constructors */
    /* bl __libc_init_array */
/* Call the application's entry point.*/
  bl  entry
  bx lr

先执行SystemInit ,<system_stm32f1xx.c >
再执行entry , <component.c>

---

system_stm32f1xx.c文件

void SystemInit (void)
{
  /* Reset the RCC clock configuration to the default reset state(for debug purpose) */
  /* Set HSION bit */
  RCC->CR |= 0x00000001U;

  /* Reset SW, HPRE, PPRE1, PPRE2, ADCPRE and MCO bits */
#if !defined(STM32F105xC) && !defined(STM32F107xC)
  RCC->CFGR &= 0xF8FF0000U;
#else
  RCC->CFGR &= 0xF0FF0000U;
#endif /* STM32F105xC */   
  
  /* Reset HSEON, CSSON and PLLON bits */
  RCC->CR &= 0xFEF6FFFFU;

  /* Reset HSEBYP bit */
  RCC->CR &= 0xFFFBFFFFU;

  /* Reset PLLSRC, PLLXTPRE, PLLMUL and USBPRE/OTGFSPRE bits */
  RCC->CFGR &= 0xFF80FFFFU;

#if defined(STM32F105xC) || defined(STM32F107xC)
  /* Reset PLL2ON and PLL3ON bits */
  RCC->CR &= 0xEBFFFFFFU;

  /* Disable all interrupts and clear pending bits  */
  RCC->CIR = 0x00FF0000U;

  /* Reset CFGR2 register */
  RCC->CFGR2 = 0x00000000U;
#elif defined(STM32F100xB) || defined(STM32F100xE)
  /* Disable all interrupts and clear pending bits  */
  RCC->CIR = 0x009F0000U;

  /* Reset CFGR2 register */
  RCC->CFGR2 = 0x00000000U;      
#else
  /* Disable all interrupts and clear pending bits  */
  RCC->CIR = 0x009F0000U;
#endif /* STM32F105xC */
    
#if defined(STM32F100xE) || defined(STM32F101xE) || defined(STM32F101xG) || defined(STM32F103xE) || defined(STM32F103xG)
  #ifdef DATA_IN_ExtSRAM
    SystemInit_ExtMemCtl(); 
  #endif /* DATA_IN_ExtSRAM */
#endif 

#ifdef VECT_TAB_SRAM
  SCB->VTOR = SRAM_BASE | VECT_TAB_OFFSET; /* Vector Table Relocation in Internal SRAM. */
#else
  SCB->VTOR = FLASH_BASE | VECT_TAB_OFFSET; /* Vector Table Relocation in Internal FLASH. */
#endif 
}

因为还没有仔细研究ST公司的Reference文档 , 目前还不太清除具体做了什么,但是肯定是进行硬件初始化

---

component.c

int entry(void)
{
    rtthread_startup();
    return 0;
}

int rtthread_startup(void)
{
    rt_hw_interrupt_disable();

    /* board level initialization
     * NOTE: please initialize heap inside board initialization.
     */
    rt_hw_board_init();

    /* show RT-Thread version */
    rt_show_version();

    /* timer system initialization */
    rt_system_timer_init();

    /* scheduler system initialization */
    rt_system_scheduler_init();

#ifdef RT_USING_SIGNALS
    /* signal system initialization */
    rt_system_signal_init();
#endif

    /* create init_thread */
    rt_application_init();

    /* timer thread initialization */
    rt_system_timer_thread_init();

    /* idle thread initialization */
    rt_thread_idle_init();

    /* start scheduler */
    rt_system_scheduler_start();

    /* never reach here */
    return 0;
}

我们直接看rt_hw_board_init() 函数

---

board.c文件

RT_WEAK void rt_hw_board_init()
{
    extern void hw_board_init(char *clock_src, int32_t clock_src_freq, int32_t clock_target_freq);

    /* Heap initialization */
#if defined(RT_USING_HEAP)
    rt_system_heap_init((void *) HEAP_BEGIN, (void *) HEAP_END);
#endif

    hw_board_init(BSP_CLOCK_SOURCE, BSP_CLOCK_SOURCE_FREQ_MHZ, BSP_CLOCK_SYSTEM_FREQ_MHZ);

    /* Set the shell console output device */
#if defined(RT_USING_DEVICE) && defined(RT_USING_CONSOLE)
    rt_console_set_device(RT_CONSOLE_DEVICE_NAME);
#endif

    /* Board underlying hardware initialization */
#ifdef RT_USING_COMPONENTS_INIT
    rt_components_board_init();
#endif

}

再看hw_board_init()

---

drv_common.c

void hw_board_init(char *clock_src, int32_t clock_src_freq, int32_t clock_target_freq)
{
    extern void rt_hw_systick_init(void);
    extern void clk_init(char *clk_source, int source_freq, int target_freq);

#ifdef SCB_EnableICache
    /* Enable I-Cache---------------------------------------------------------*/
    SCB_EnableICache();
#endif

#ifdef SCB_EnableDCache
    /* Enable D-Cache---------------------------------------------------------*/
    SCB_EnableDCache();
#endif

    /* HAL_Init() function is called at the beginning of the program */
    HAL_Init();

    /* enable interrupt */
    __set_PRIMASK(0);
    /* System clock initialization */
    clk_init(clock_src, clock_src_freq, clock_target_freq);
    /* disbale interrupt */
    __set_PRIMASK(1);

    rt_hw_systick_init();

    /* Pin driver initialization is open by default */
#ifdef RT_USING_PIN
    extern int rt_hw_pin_init(void);
    rt_hw_pin_init();
#endif

    /* USART driver initialization is open by default */
#ifdef RT_USING_SERIAL
    extern int rt_hw_usart_init(void);
    rt_hw_usart_init();
#endif

}

我们再看clk_init()

---

drv_clk.c

void clk_init(char *clk_source, int source_freq, int target_freq)
{
    system_clock_config(target_freq);
}

void system_clock_config(int target_freq_Mhz)
{
    RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
    RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

    /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
    * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
    */
    RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
    RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
    RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;
    RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
    RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
    RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
    RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL9;
    if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
    {
      Error_Handler();
    }
    /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
    */
    RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                                |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
    RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
    RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
    RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
    RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

    if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
    {
      Error_Handler();
    }
}

看到这,我直接想说好家伙. 从代码分析我们可以看出其实RT-Thread在初始化时钟的时候其实忽略的输入参数的,因此我们如果想要更换时钟源只需要将system_clock_config()函数改成我们需要设置的时钟源即可.

这里我推荐直接使用CubeMX生成对应的时钟初始化函数,赋值粘贴过来即可