430学习任务一之用PWM出两路独立可调频率和相位的正弦波
实验内容
基于MSP430G2553开发板，用PWM处两路正弦波，并且两路波形的频率，相位可以独立改变。为了达到这个目标，需要掌握定时器-比较器的使用，中断函数的使用。
本文分两个阶段来逐步完成实验。第一个阶段不使用外中断，即没有用P1.3按钮，生成两路频率和相位在一定范围内能连续独立地改变。第二个阶段在阶段一的基础上加入外中段控制，利用长按键和短按键来分别控制两路正弦波的频率和相位的改变，按一次按键，频率和相位改变一次。下面分阶段来详细介绍。
阶段一
设计思路
• 生成2路相位，频率和相位可调的正弦波
• 保存了一个正弦波表
• 设定波表的初始读取地址用于设定波形相位
• 设定波表读取地址的增量用于设定频率
• 定义两个静态变量用于存储读取地址的增量的递增和递减值
• 在主函数中循环读取正弦波，当读取地址增量改变时，频率和相位也改变
代码块
/*
* main.c
*/
#include<msp430g2553.h>
#include "msp430g2553.h"
#define SIN_NUM 120
const unsigned int sine_table[SIN_NUM] = {60, 63, 66, 69, 72, 75, 78, 81, 84, 86, 89, 92, 94, 97, 99, 102, 104, 106, 108, 109, 111, 112, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 118, 119, 119, 119, 119, 119, 118, 118, 117, 116, 115, 114, 112, 111, 109, 108, 106, 104, 102, 99, 97, 94, 92, 89, 86, 84, 81, 78, 75, 72, 69, 66, 63, 60, 57, 54, 51, 48, 45, 42, 39, 36, 34, 31, 28, 26, 23, 21, 18, 16, 14, 12, 11, 9, 8, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 11, 12, 14, 16, 18, 21, 23, 26, 28, 31, 34, 36, 39, 42, 45, 48, 51, 54, 57};
#define PWM_PERIOD_CYCLE SIN_NUM // pwm wave period
#define PWM_DUTY_UPDATE_CYCLE 200 // duty update cycle
#define CH1_INC_PHASE 5 // ch1 sin wave phase increase step
#define CH1_INIT_PHASE 0 // ch1 sin wave initial phase
#define CH2_INC_PHASE 1 // ch2 sin wave phase increase step
#define CH2_INIT_PHASE (SIN_NUM*1/16) // ch2 sin wave initial phase
void init_clock(){
WDTCTL = WDTPW + WDTHOLD; // Stop watchdog timer
// If calibration constants erased, trap CPU!!
if (CALBC1_1MHZ == 0xFF || CALDCO_1MHZ == 0xFF) { while(1);}
if (CALBC1_12MHZ == 0xFF || CALDCO_12MHZ == 0xFF) { while(1);}
// Configure Basic Clock
BCSCTL1 = CALBC1_12MHZ; // Set range
DCOCTL = CALDCO_12MHZ; // Set DCO step + modulation
BCSCTL3 |= LFXT1S_2; // Set LFXT1
IFG1 &= ~OFIFG; // Clear OSCFault flag
BCSCTL2 |= SELM_1 + DIVM_0; // Set MCLK
}
void inline set_timer_A1_2ch_pwm_period_duty(int val_ta1ccr0, int val_ta1ccr1, int val_ta1ccr2) {
TA1CCR1 = val_ta1ccr1;
TA1CCR2 = val_ta1ccr2;
TA1CCR0 = val_ta1ccr0; // PWM Period
}
void init_timer_A1_2ch_pwm(int val_ta1ccr0, int val_ta1ccr1, int val_ta1ccr2) {
P2DIR |= BIT4+BIT1 ; // P2.1 and P2.4 output
P2SEL |= BIT4+BIT1 ; // P2.1 and P2.4 TA1 options
// TA1CCTL0 = CCIE; // CCR0 interrupt enabled
TA1CCTL1 = OUTMOD_7 ; // CCR1 reset/set
TA1CCTL2 = OUTMOD_7 ;
TA1CCR1 = val_ta1ccr1;
TA1CCR2 = val_ta1ccr2;
TA1CCR0 = val_ta1ccr0; // PWM Period
TA1CTL = TASSEL_2 + MC_1; // SMCLK, up mode
}
volatile int ch1_index = CH1_INIT_PHASE; // channel 1 wave table index
volatile int ch2_index = CH2_INIT_PHASE; // channel 1 wave table index
volatile int val_ta0ccr0 = PWM_DUTY_UPDATE_CYCLE ; // pwm duty update counter
volatile int val_ta1ccr0 = PWM_PERIOD_CYCLE ; // pwm period counter
volatile int val_ta1ccr1 = 1 ; // pwm wave 1 duty counter
volatile int val_ta1ccr2 = 1 ; // pwm wave 2 duty counter
static unsigned int ch1_inc=CH1_INC_PHASE,ch2_inc=CH2_INC_PHASE;
int main( void )
{
init_clock();
init_timer_A1_2ch_pwm(val_ta1ccr0, val_ta1ccr1, val_ta1ccr2);
// Configure TimerA
TA0CTL = TASSEL_2+MC_1 ; // Source: SMCLK, UP mode
TA0CCR0 = val_ta0ccr0 ; // Timer count
TA0CCTL0 = CCIE ; // CCR0 interrupt enabled
P1DIR |= BIT6 ; // P1.6 output dir (green LED)
P1OUT = 0 ; // LED off
P1DIR |= BIT0 ; // Set P1.0 to output direction
P1IES |= BIT3 ; // P1.3 Hi/lo edge
P1IFG &= ~BIT3; // P1.3 IFG cleared
P1IE |= BIT3 ; // P1.3 interrupt enabled
_EINT(); // global interrupt enable
while(1){
__no_operation(); // SET BREAKPOINT HERE
_delay_cycles(5000000);
ch1_inc--;
if(ch1_inc<=1) ch1_inc = 5;
ch2_inc++;
if(ch2_inc>=5) ch2_inc =1;
val_ta1ccr1 = 1;
val_ta1ccr2 = 1;
init_timer_A1_2ch_pwm(val_ta1ccr0, val_ta1ccr1, val_ta1ccr2);
}
}
// Timer A0 interrupt service routine
#pragma vector= TIMER0_A0_VECTOR
__interrupt void Timer_A0 (void)
{
set_timer_A1_2ch_pwm_period_duty(val_ta1ccr0, val_ta1ccr1, val_ta1ccr2);
__no_operation(); // SET BREAKPOINT HERE
P1OUT ^= BIT6; // toggle P1.6 output
// increase duty of channel 1
val_ta1ccr1 = sine_table[ch1_index];
val_ta1ccr2 = sine_table[ch2_index];
ch1_index += ch1_inc; while(ch1_index >= SIN_NUM){ch1_index -= SIN_NUM; }
ch2_index += ch2_inc; while(ch2_index >= SIN_NUM){ch2_index -= SIN_NUM; }
}实验结果
时域模式波形照片1
时域模式波形照片2
XY模式的李萨如图形1
XY模式的李萨如图形2
XY模式的李萨如图形3
阶段二
设计思路
• 基于阶段一的设计进行修改
• 加入PORT1_VECTOR中断，当短按键时改变CH1的频率和相位，长按 键时改变CH2的频率和相位
• 当长按键起作用时会相应地对LED1进行亮灭变换，即按一次长按键，灯亮，再按一次长按键，灯灭，短按键对LED1不起作用，以此来判别此时选中的是CH1还是CH2
代码块
/*
* main.c
*
* Created on: 2018年4月25日
* Author: 1
*/
/*
* main.c
*/
#include<msp430g2553.h>
#include "msp430g2553.h"
#define SIN_NUM 120
const unsigned int sine_table[SIN_NUM] = {60, 63, 66, 69, 72, 75, 78, 81, 84, 86, 89, 92, 94, 97, 99, 102, 104, 106, 108, 109, 111, 112, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 118, 119, 119, 119, 119, 119, 118, 118, 117, 116, 115, 114, 112, 111, 109, 108, 106, 104, 102, 99, 97, 94, 92, 89, 86, 84, 81, 78, 75, 72, 69, 66, 63, 60, 57, 54, 51, 48, 45, 42, 39, 36, 34, 31, 28, 26, 23, 21, 18, 16, 14, 12, 11, 9, 8, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 11, 12, 14, 16, 18, 21, 23, 26, 28, 31, 34, 36, 39, 42, 45, 48, 51, 54, 57};
#define PWM_PERIOD_CYCLE SIN_NUM // pwm wave period
#define PWM_DUTY_UPDATE_CYCLE 200 // duty update cycle
#define CH1_INC_PHASE 5 // ch1 sin wave phase increase step
#define CH1_INIT_PHASE 0 // ch1 sin wave initial phase
#define CH2_INC_PHASE 1 // ch2 sin wave phase increase step
#define CH2_INIT_PHASE (SIN_NUM*1/16) // ch2 sin wave initial phase
void init_clock(){
WDTCTL = WDTPW + WDTHOLD; // Stop watchdog timer
// If calibration constants erased, trap CPU!!
if (CALBC1_1MHZ == 0xFF || CALDCO_1MHZ == 0xFF) { while(1);}
if (CALBC1_12MHZ == 0xFF || CALDCO_12MHZ == 0xFF) { while(1);}
// Configure Basic Clock
BCSCTL1 = CALBC1_12MHZ; // Set range
DCOCTL = CALDCO_12MHZ; // Set DCO step + modulation
BCSCTL3 |= LFXT1S_2; // Set LFXT1
IFG1 &= ~OFIFG; // Clear OSCFault flag
BCSCTL2 |= SELM_1 + DIVM_0; // Set MCLK
}
void inline set_timer_A1_2ch_pwm_period_duty(int val_ta1ccr0, int val_ta1ccr1, int val_ta1ccr2) {
TA1CCR1 = val_ta1ccr1;
TA1CCR2 = val_ta1ccr2;
TA1CCR0 = val_ta1ccr0; // PWM Period
}
void init_timer_A1_2ch_pwm(int val_ta1ccr0, int val_ta1ccr1, int val_ta1ccr2) {
P2DIR |= BIT4+BIT1 ; // P2.1 and P2.4 output
P2SEL |= BIT4+BIT1 ; // P2.1 and P2.4 TA1 options
// TA1CCTL0 = CCIE; // CCR0 interrupt enabled
TA1CCTL1 = OUTMOD_7 ; // CCR1 reset/set
TA1CCTL2 = OUTMOD_7 ;
TA1CCR1 = val_ta1ccr1;
TA1CCR2 = val_ta1ccr2;
TA1CCR0 = val_ta1ccr0; // PWM Period
TA1CTL = TASSEL_2 + MC_1; // SMCLK, up mode
}
volatile int ch1_index = CH1_INIT_PHASE; // channel 1 wave table index
volatile int ch2_index = CH2_INIT_PHASE; // channel 1 wave table index
volatile int val_ta0ccr0 = PWM_DUTY_UPDATE_CYCLE ; // pwm duty update counter
volatile int val_ta1ccr0 = PWM_PERIOD_CYCLE ; // pwm period counter
volatile int val_ta1ccr1 = 1 ; // pwm wave 1 duty counter
volatile int val_ta1ccr2 = 1 ; // pwm wave 2 duty counter
static unsigned int ch1_inc=CH1_INC_PHASE,ch2_inc=CH2_INC_PHASE;
void P13_OnShortRelease() //P1.3的事件处理函数
{
ch1_inc--;
if(ch1_inc<=1) ch1_inc = 5;
// ch1_index += ch1_inc; if(ch2_index >= SIN_NUM){ch2_index -= SIN_NUM; }
// P1OUT ^= BIT0; // P1.0 = toggle
P1IFG &= ~BIT3; // P1.3 IFG cleared
}
void P13_OnLongClick() //P1.3的事件处理函数
{
ch2_inc++;
if(ch2_inc>=5) ch2_inc =1;
// ch2_index += ch2_inc; if(ch2_index >= SIN_NUM){ch2_index -= SIN_NUM; }
P1OUT ^= BIT0; // P1.0 = toggle
P1IFG &= ~BIT3; // P1.3 IFG cleared
}
int main( void )
{
init_clock();
init_timer_A1_2ch_pwm(val_ta1ccr0, val_ta1ccr1, val_ta1ccr2);
// Configure TimerA
TA0CTL = TASSEL_2+MC_1 ; // Source: SMCLK, UP mode
TA0CCR0 = val_ta0ccr0 ; // Timer count
TA0CCTL0 = CCIE ; // CCR0 interrupt enabled
P1DIR |= BIT6 ; // P1.6 output dir (green LED)
P1OUT = 0 ; // LED off
P1DIR |= BIT0 ; // Set P1.0 to output direction
P1IES |= BIT3 ; // P1.3 Hi/lo edge
P1IFG &= ~BIT3; // P1.3 IFG cleared
P1IE |= BIT3 ; // P1.3 interrupt enabled
_EINT(); // global interrupt enable
while(1){
__no_operation(); // SET BREAKPOINT HERE
_delay_cycles(5000000);
// val_ta1ccr1 = 1;
// val_ta1ccr2 = 1;
init_timer_A1_2ch_pwm(val_ta1ccr0, val_ta1ccr1, val_ta1ccr2);
if(!(P1IN & BIT3)){ // if key is push, its val is 0
ch1_index += ch1_inc; while(ch1_index >= SIN_NUM){ch1_index -= SIN_NUM; }
ch2_index += CH2_INC_PHASE; while(ch2_index >= SIN_NUM){ch2_index -= SIN_NUM; }
}
}
}
// Timer A0 interrupt service routine
#pragma vector= TIMER0_A0_VECTOR
__interrupt void Timer_A0 (void)
{
set_timer_A1_2ch_pwm_period_duty(val_ta1ccr0, val_ta1ccr1, val_ta1ccr2);
__no_operation(); // SET BREAKPOINT HERE
P1OUT ^= BIT6; // toggle P1.6 output
// increase duty of channel 1
val_ta1ccr1 = sine_table[ch1_index];
val_ta1ccr2 = sine_table[ch2_index];
ch1_index += ch1_inc; while(ch1_index >= SIN_NUM){ch1_index -= SIN_NUM; }
ch2_index += ch2_inc; while(ch2_index >= SIN_NUM){ch2_index -= SIN_NUM; }
}
//Port 1 interrupt service routine
#pragma vector=PORT1_VECTOR
__interrupt void Port_1(void)
{
unsigned int Push_Key=0;
//-----排除输出IO的干扰后，锁定唯一被触发的中断标志位-----
Push_Key=P1IFG&(~P1DIR);
//-----延时一段时间，避开机械抖动区域-----
__delay_cycles(10000);
//----判断按键状态是否与延时前一致-----
if((P1IN&Push_Key)==0) //如果该次按键确实有效
{
_delay_cycles(5000000);
if((P1IN&Push_Key)==0)//判断是否是长按键
{
P13_OnLongClick();//若是长按键，跳到该函数
}
else
{
P13_OnShortRelease();//若是短按键，跳到该函数
}
}
实验结果
时域模式下的波形图
与时域波形相对应的XY模式图形
时域模式下的波形图2
与时域波形2相对应的XY模式图形
总结
由于本人对于用CCS8软件中自带的仿真波形功能不能熟练掌握，故在此只给出用示波器显示的结果，相较于仿真图形应该更为准确。同时，该代码全部放在main.c文件中，所以代码整体看起来可能有点费劲，之后会加以注意改正。通过这次实验，发现自己对定时器、比较器的掌握还不够熟练，以后要多看书多练习。
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