路由器上DHCP配置 及单臂路由

dhcp服务器监听端口67 客户端使用68端口

1.全局地址池的DHCP服务器分配地址给客户端

[AR]int g0/0/0
[AR-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.1 24
[AR]dhcp en  //开启dhcp
[AR]ip pool dz(地址池名称)
[AR-ip-pool-dz]gateway-list 192.168.1.1  
[AR-ip-pool-dz]network 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
[AR-ip-pool-dz]excluded-ip-address 192.168.1.100 192.168.1.200
[AR-ip-pool-dz]dns-list 8.8.8.8 144.144.144.144
[AR-ip-pool-dz]lease day 8 

[AR-ip-pool-dz]int g0/0/0
[AR-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dhcp select global 

2.基于接口的dhcp服务器给客户端分配地址

[AR]dhcp enable
[AR]int g0/0/0
[AR-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.1 24
[AR-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dhcp select interface 
[AR-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dhcp server dns-list 8.8.8.8 144.144.144.144
[AR-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dhcp server excluded-ip-address 192.168.1.100 192.168.1.200
[AR-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dhcp server lease day 8

3.DHCP Rely (配置在靠近客户端的路由器上,将客户机请求dhcp服务器的广播discover报文转化成单播)

dhcp过程
1.客户机发送以discover的广播报文
2.DHCP服务器广播offer报文
3.客户机广播发送DHCP Request后
4.服务器送DHCPACK广播消息进行最后的确认

[AR1]dhcp enable 
[AR1]ip pool dhcp-relay
[AR1-ip-pool-dhcp-relay]gateway-list 192.168.1.1 
[AR1-ip-pool-dhcp-relay]network 192.168.1.1 mask 24
[AR1-ip-pool-dhcp-relay]dns-list 8.8.8.8
[AR1]int g0/0/0 
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.1 24
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dhcp select global 
[AR1]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 12.1.1.2

[R2]dhcp enable
[R2]int g0/0/0 
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.1 24  //连接pc的接口
[R2] ping -a 192.168.1.1 12.1.1.1   //确保路由可达

[R2]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dhcp select relay 
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dhcp relay server-ip 12.1.1.1

4. 单臂路由+dhcp不同vlan分配不同地址题

[R1]dhcp en
[R1]ip pool vlan10-pool
[R1-ip-pool-vlan10-pool]gateway-list 192.168.10.1  
[R1-ip-pool-vlan10-pool]network 192.168.10.0 mask 24

[R1-ip-pool-vlan10-pool]ip pool vlan20-pool
[R1-ip-pool-vlan20-pool]gateway-list 192.168.20.1
[R1-ip-pool-vlan20-pool]network 192.168.20.0 mask 24
[R1-ip-pool-vlan20-pool]dns-lis 8.8.8.8

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.1]int g0/0/0.10
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.10]ip add 192.168.10.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.10]dhcp select global 
	单臂路由配置
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.10]dot1q termination vid 10   //封装子接口的vlan id为10 ,用于识别来自trink的vlan 10的流量
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.10]arp broadcast enable    //默认情况下不允许arp广播通过该端口

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.10]int g0/0/0.20
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.20]ip add 192.168.20.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.20]dhcp select global 
	单臂路由配置
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.20]dot1q termination vi 20
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.20]arp broadcast enable 


交换机配置
[SW]vlan batch 10 20
[SW]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
[SW-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] port link-type trunk
[SW-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20

[SW]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
[SW-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port link-type access
[SW-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port default vlan 10

[SW-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
[SW-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port link-type access
[SW-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port default vlan 20

地址回收
SW->reset ip pool name dhcp名  IP(要回收的IP地址)
eg: sw>reset ip pool name vla10_pool 192.168.10.10    //回收192.168.10.10 的地址

5.dhcp replay

[r1]dhcp enable
//配置dhcp
[r1]ip pool dh_vlan3
[r1-ip-pool-dh_vlan3] network 192.168.2.0 mask 255.255.255.0 
[r1-ip-pool-dh_vlan3] excluded-ip-address 192.168.2.1 

[r1]ip pool dh_vlan2
[r1-ip-pool-dh_vlan2] network 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 
[r1-ip-pool-dh_vlan2] excluded-ip-address 192.168.1.1 

[r1]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] ip address 12.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] dhcp select global

配置到达子网的路由
[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 12.0.0.2
[r1]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 12.0.0.2


// sw配置

[sw1]vlan batch 2 to 3 10
[sw1]dhcp enable

[sw1]interface Vlanif2
[sw1-Vlanif2] ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
[sw1-Vlanif2] dhcp select relay    //启用dhcp中继代理  (广播转单播)
[sw1-Vlanif2] dhcp relay server-ip 12.0.0.1   //配置DHCP服务器地址

[sw1]interface Vlanif3
[sw1-Vlanif3] ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
[sw1-Vlanif3] dhcp select relay
[sw1-Vlanif3] dhcp relay server-ip 12.0.0.1

//配置vlan 10 实现与r1 0口通信
[sw1]interface Vlanif10
[sw1-Vlanif10] ip address 12.0.0.2 255.255.255.0

[sw1]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port link-type access
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port default vlan 10

//配置接入层接口
[sw1]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port link-type access
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port default vlan 2     

[sw1]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] port link-type access
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] port default vlan 3