USB串行口Linux驱动器

USB串口登记

USB串口驱动器登记

驱动器定义

static int __init ir_init(void)
{
   
    ...
    return usb_serial_register_drivers(serial_drivers, KBUILD_MODNAME, ir_id_table);
}

static const struct usb_device_id ir_id_table[] = {
   
    {
    USB_DEVICE(0x050f, 0x0180) },         /* KC Technology, KC-180 */
    {
    USB_DEVICE(0x08e9, 0x0100) },         /* XTNDAccess */
    {
    USB_DEVICE(0x09c4, 0x0011) },         /* ACTiSys ACT-IR2000U */
    {
    USB_INTERFACE_INFO(USB_CLASS_APP_SPEC, USB_SUBCLASS_IRDA, 0) },
    {
    }                                     /* Terminating entry */
};

static struct usb_serial_driver ir_device = {
   
    .driver = {
   
         .owner  = THIS_MODULE,
         .name   = "ir-usb",
    },
    .description          = "IR Dongle",
    .id_table             = ir_id_table,
    .num_ports            = 1,
    .set_termios          = ir_set_termios,
    .attach               = ir_startup,
    .open                 = ir_open,
    .prepare_write_buffer = ir_prepare_write_buffer,
    .process_read_urb     = ir_process_read_urb,
};

登记驱动器

多个不同的类似设备可以用同一个usb_serial_driver。具体是哪些设备由ir_id_table表指定。

static struct usb_serial_driver * const serial_drivers[] = {
   
        &ir_device, 
        NULL
};

usb_serial_register_drivers(serial_drivers, KBUILD_MODNAME, ir_id_table);

usb_serial_register_drivers 能够登记多个USB串行口设备驱动器，usb_serial_driver。
一个usb_serial_driver指针数组定义具体哪些设备驱动器。

usb_serial_register_drivers登记驱动器

usb_serial_register_drivers从存储器分配一个struct usb_driver结构变量udriver。初始化这个结构变量。

初始化USB驱动器

struct usb_driver *udriver;

udriver->name = name;
udriver->no_dynamic_id = 1;
udriver->supports_autosuspend = 1;
udriver->suspend = usb_serial_suspend;
udriver->resume = usb_serial_resume;
udriver->probe = usb_serial_probe;
udriver->disconnect = usb_serial_disconnect;

使用这个usb_driver结构变量，登记一个USB驱动器。
rc = usb_register(udriver);

使用usb_serial_register_drivers函数进行驱动器登记的所有USB串行口驱动器，有相同的USB驱动器函数。

• usb_serial_suspend
• usb_serial_resume
• usb_serial_probe
• usb_serial_disconnect

登记USB设备驱动器

udriver->drvwrap.for_devices = 0;
udriver->drvwrap.driver.name = udriver->name;
udriver->drvwrap.driver.bus = &usb_bus_type;
udriver->drvwrap.driver.probe = usb_probe_interface;
udriver->drvwrap.driver.remove = usb_unbind_interface;
udriver->drvwrap.driver.owner = owner;
udriver->drvwrap.driver.mod_name = mod_name;
...
retval = driver_register(&udriver->drvwrap.driver);

usb_driver的定义如下：

struct usb_driver {
        const char *name;
        ...
        const struct usb_device_id *id_table;
        const struct attribute_group **dev_groups;

        struct usb_dynids dynids;
        struct usbdrv_wrap drvwrap;
        unsigned int no_dynamic_id:1;
        unsigned int supports_autosuspend:1;
        unsigned int disable_hub_initiated_lpm:1;
        unsigned int soft_unbind:1;
};

struct usbdrv_wrap {
        struct device_driver driver;
        int for_devices;
};

usb_register， 即usb_register_driver，使用driver_register登记设备驱动器，其参数包含在usb_driver的结构定义之中。

int driver_register(struct device_driver *drv)

登记usb_serial_driver设备驱动器

usb_serial_register登记所有的usb_serial_driver驱动器。

usb_serial_register登记包括

• 初始化
• 将驱动器加入到驱动器表usb_serial_driver_list中
• 按总线类型usb_serial_bus_type，登记设备驱动器

USB串口登记流程图

USB串口驱动器登记包括

• 登记一个USB驱动器
• 登记一组USB串口驱动器
• 链接设备与设备驱动器

驱动器登记，driver_register

bus的数据结构

struct bus_type {
   
        const char              *name;
        const char              *dev_name;
        struct device           *dev_root;
        const struct attribute_group **bus_groups;
        const struct attribute_group **dev_groups;
        const struct attribute_group **drv_groups;
        ...
        const struct dev_pm_ops *pm;
        const struct iommu_ops *iommu_ops;
        struct subsys_private *p;
        struct lock_class_key lock_key;
        bool need_parent_lock;
};

struct subsys_private {
   
        struct kset subsys;
        struct kset *devices_kset;
        struct list_head interfaces;
        struct mutex mutex;

        struct kset *drivers_kset;
        struct klist klist_devices;
        struct klist klist_drivers;
        struct blocking_notifier_head bus_notifier;
        unsigned int drivers_autoprobe:1;
        struct bus_type *bus;

        struct kset glue_dirs;
        struct class *class;
};

所有同一bus的驱动器被保存在下列的kset结构中。

struct kset *devices_kset;

登记流程图

driver_register函数的定义如下：
int driver_register(struct device_driver *drv)；

将设备驱动器加到bus的drivers_kset中，如果没有登记，则登记驱动器。

• 在bus的drivers_kset，检查驱动器是否已经登记
• 如果还没有登记，则登记驱动器，并将驱动器加到drivers_kset

将驱动器加到bus结构中，完成登记