1.空间谱与DOA估计
信号空间谱估计基于信号的空间傅氏变换:
X ( Φ ) = ∑ m = 0 M − 1 x m ( n ) e j m Φ ( 1 ) X(\Phi) = \sum_{m=0}^{M-1}x_{m}(n)e^{jm \Phi}\quad(1) X(Φ)=m=0∑M−1xm(n)ejmΦ(1)
上式中 x m ( n ) x_{m}(n) xm(n)为单个阵元的接收信号:
x m ( n ) = s 1 ( n ) e − j m Φ 1 m = 0 , 1 , ⋯ , M − 1 ( 2 ) x_{m}(n) = s_{1}(n)e^{-jm\Phi_1}\quad m=0,1,\cdots,M-1\quad(2) xm(n)=s1(n)e−jmΦ1m=0,1,⋯,M−1(2)
将(2)式代入(1)式并对(1)式取模平方得:
∣ X ( Φ ) ∣ 2 = ∣ s 1 ( n ) ∣ 2 ∣ s i n ( M 2 (