bzoj 1648: [Usaco2006 Dec]Cow Picnic 奶牛野餐（暴力DFS）

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本文解析了一个经典的图论问题——奶牛野餐问题。问题要求找出所有奶牛都能到达的牧场数量，这些牧场通过有向路径相连。文章提供了输入输出样例及一种高效的解决方案。

1648: [Usaco2006 Dec]Cow Picnic 奶牛野餐

Time Limit: 5 Sec Memory Limit: 64 MB
Submit: 774 Solved: 480
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Description

The cows are having a picnic! Each of Farmer John's K (1 <= K <= 100) cows is grazing in one of N (1 <= N <= 1,000) pastures, conveniently numbered 1...N. The pastures are connected by M (1 <= M <= 10,000) one-way paths (no path connects a pasture to itself). The cows want to gather in the same pasture for their picnic, but (because of the one-way paths) some cows may only be able to get to some pastures. Help the cows out by figuring out how many pastures are reachable by all cows, and hence are possible picnic locations.

K(1≤K≤100)只奶牛分散在N(1≤N≤1000)个牧场．现在她们要集中起来进餐．牧场之间有M(1≤M≤10000)条有向路连接，而且不存在起点和终点相同的有向路．她们进餐的地点必须是所有奶牛都可到达的地方．那么，有多少这样的牧场呢？

Input

* Line 1: Three space-separated integers, respectively: K, N, and M * Lines 2..K+1: Line i+1 contains a single integer (1..N) which is the number of the pasture in which cow i is grazing. * Lines K+2..M+K+1: Each line contains two space-separated integers, respectively A and B (both 1..N and A != B), representing a one-way path from pasture A to pasture B.

第1行输入K，N，M.接下来K行，每行一个整数表示一只奶牛所在的牧场编号．接下来M行，每行两个整数，表示一条有向路的起点和终点

Output

* Line 1: The single integer that is the number of pastures that are reachable by all cows via the one-way paths.

所有奶牛都可到达的牧场个数

Sample Input

2 4 4

1 2

1 4

2 3

3 4

Sample Output

暴力每头牛所有能到的点然后统计

闲着无聊试了下，这题没有重边但是有自环，所以若是

①用邻接矩阵：复杂度O(n²k)

②用邻接表：复杂度O((n+m)k)

③邻接矩阵后转邻接表：复杂度O(n²+nk)

其中第三种莫名最快

#include<stdio.h>
#include<vector>
#include<string.h>
using namespace std;
vector<int> G[1005];
int cow[105], sum[1005], vis[1005], road[1005][1005];
void Sech(int u)
{
	int i, v;
	vis[u] = 1, sum[u]++;
	for(i=0;i<G[u].size();i++)
	{
		v = G[u][i];
		if(vis[v]==0)
			Sech(v);
	}
}
int main(void)
{
	int ans, k, n, i, j, x, y, m;
	scanf("%d%d%d", &k, &n, &m);
	for(i=1;i<=k;i++)
		scanf("%d", &cow[i]);
	for(i=1;i<=m;i++)
	{
		scanf("%d%d", &x, &y);
		road[x][y] = 1;
	}
	for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
	{
		for(j=1;j<=n;j++)
		{
			if(road[i][j])
				G[i].push_back(j);
		}
	}
	for(i=1;i<=k;i++)
	{
		memset(vis, 0, sizeof(vis));
		Sech(cow[i]);
	}
	ans = 0;
	for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
	{
		if(sum[i]==k)
			ans++;
	}
	printf("%d\n", ans);
	return 0;
}