C++ 友元

在程序里，有些私有属性 也想让类外特殊的一些函数或者类进行访问，就需要用到友元的技术

友元的目的 就是让一个函数或者类 访问另一个类中的私有成员

友元的关键字为 friend

友元的三种实现

• 全局函数做友元
• 类做友元
• 成员函数做友元

1 全局函数做友元（代码）

class Building
{
	
	friend void laowang1(Building* _building);
	friend void laowang2(Building& _building);
	friend void laowang3(Building _building);
public:
	
	Building() {
		m_SittingRoom = "客厅";
		m_BedRoom = "卧室";

	}
	string m_SittingRoom;	// 客厅

private:

	string m_BedRoom;
};

void laowang1(Building* _building)
{
	cout << "laowang1正在放在访问 "<< _building->m_SittingRoom<<endl;
	cout << "laowang1正在放在访问 " << _building->m_BedRoom<<endl;
}
void laowang2(Building& _building)
{
	cout << "laowang1正在放在访问 " << _building.m_SittingRoom << endl;
	cout << "laowang1正在放在访问 " << _building.m_BedRoom << endl;
}
void laowang3(Building _building)
{
	cout << "laowang1正在放在访问 " << _building.m_SittingRoom << endl;
	cout << "laowang1正在放在访问 " << _building.m_BedRoom << endl;
}
int main() {
	Building building;
	laowang1(&building);
	laowang2(building);
	laowang3(building);
}

2.类做友元（代码）

class Building
{
	friend class laoWang;
public:
	Building();
	string m_SittingRoom;	// 客厅

private:

	string m_BedRoom;
};



Building::Building()
{
	m_SittingRoom = "客厅";
	m_BedRoom = "卧室";
}


class laoWang
{
public:
	laoWang();

	void visit();

		Building* building;
private:
};


void laoWang::visit()
{
	cout << "老王正在访问" << building->m_SittingRoom<<endl;
	cout << "老王正在访问" << building->m_BedRoom <<endl;
}

laoWang::laoWang()
{
	// 创建建筑物对象
	building = new Building;
}


void test()
{
	laoWang lw;
	lw.visit();
}
int main()
{
	test();
}

3.成员函数做友元

class Building;

class LaoWang
{
public:

	LaoWang();
	void visit1();	//让visit1()函数   可以 访问Building中的私有成员
	void visit2();	//让visit2()函数 不可以 访问Building中的私有成员

	Building *building;

private:

	
};

class Building
{
	// 告诉编译器，LaoWang类下的visit1()函数是Building类的好朋友，可以访问Building的私有成员
	friend void LaoWang::visit1();

public:
	Building();

	string m_SittingRoom;	//客厅
private:

	string m_BedRoom;		//卧室
};


LaoWang::LaoWang()
{
	building = new Building;
}

void LaoWang::visit1()
{
	cout << "隔壁老王LaoWang类中的visit1()函数正在访问：" << building->m_SittingRoom << endl;
	cout << "隔壁老王LaoWang类中的visit1()函数正在访问：" << building->m_BedRoom << endl;
}

void LaoWang::visit2()
{
	cout << "隔壁老王LaoWang类中的visit2()函数正在访问：" << building->m_SittingRoom << endl;
	//cout << "隔壁老王LaoWang类中的visit2()函数正在访问：" << building->m_BedRoom << endl;	//错误！私有属性不可访问
}

Building::Building()
{
	m_SittingRoom = "客厅";
	m_BedRoom = "卧室";
}

void test()
{
	LaoWang lw;
	
	lw.visit1();

	lw.visit2();
}

int main()
{
	test();
	
	return 0;
}