【语音处理】语音信号处理与滤波【含GUI Matlab源码 1663期】

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信号处理（Matlab）
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⛄一、语音处理简介

语音信号的处理与滤波系统主要功能：录制一段自己的语音信号，并对录制的信号进行采样；画出采样后语音信号的时域波形和频谱图；给定滤波器的性能指标，采用窗函数法和双线性变换法设计滤波器，并画出滤波器的频率响应；然后用自己设计的滤波器对采集的信号进行滤波，画出滤波后信号的时域波形和频谱，并对滤波前后的信号进行对比，分析信号的变化；回放语音信号；换一个与你性别相异的人录制同样一段语音内容，分析两段内容相同的语音信号频谱之间有什么特点；再录制一段同样长时间的背景噪声叠加到你的语音信号中，分析叠加前后信号频谱的变化，设计一个合适的滤波器，能够把该噪声滤除。

⛄二、部分源代码

function varargout = untitled(varargin)
% UNTITLED MATLAB code for untitled.fig
% UNTITLED, by itself, creates a new UNTITLED or raises the existing
% singleton*.
%
% H = UNTITLED returns the handle to a new UNTITLED or the handle to
% the existing singleton*.
%
% UNTITLED(‘CALLBACK’,hObject,eventData,handles,…) calls the local
% function named CALLBACK in UNTITLED.M with the given input arguments.
%
% UNTITLED(‘Property’,‘Value’,…) creates a new UNTITLED or raises the
% existing singleton*. Starting from the left, property value pairs are
% applied to the GUI before untitled_OpeningFcn gets called. An
% unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
% stop. All inputs are passed to untitled_OpeningFcn via varargin.
%
% *See GUI Options on GUIDE’s Tools menu. Choose “GUI allows only one
% instance to run (singleton)”.
%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES

% Edit the above text to modify the response to help untitled

% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 16-Aug-2021 15:45:41

% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
gui_Singleton = 1;
gui_State = struct(‘gui_Name’, mfilename, …
‘gui_Singleton’, gui_Singleton, …
‘gui_OpeningFcn’, @untitled_OpeningFcn, …
‘gui_OutputFcn’, @untitled_OutputFcn, …
‘gui_LayoutFcn’, [] , …
‘gui_Callback’, []);
if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})
gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
end

if nargout
[varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
else
gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT

% — Executes just before untitled is made visible.
function untitled_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject handle to figure
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin command line arguments to untitled (see VARARGIN)

% Choose default command line output for untitled
handles.output = hObject;

% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);

% UIWAIT makes untitled wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);

% — Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
function varargout = untitled_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% varargout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
% hObject handle to figure
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Get default command line output from handles structure
varargout{1} = handles.output;

% 系统录音
function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
set(handles.pushbutton1,‘BackgroundColor’,[0.545,0.753,0.988]);
set(handles.pushbutton2,‘BackgroundColor’,[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
set(handles.pushbutton3,‘BackgroundColor’,[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
set(handles.pushbutton4,‘BackgroundColor’,[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
set(handles.pushbutton5,‘BackgroundColor’,[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
set(handles.pushbutton6,‘BackgroundColor’,[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
set(handles.pushbutton7,‘BackgroundColor’,[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
set(handles.pushbutton8,‘BackgroundColor’,[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
fs = 8000; % 采样频率
duration = 4; % 时间长度(秒）
% 创建一个录音文件：fs =8000Hz, 16-bit, 单通道
voice = audiorecorder(fs, 16, 1);
recordblocking(voice, duration); % 录音2秒钟
stop(voice);
y = getaudiodata(voice);
ymax = max(abs(y)); % 归一化
y = y/ymax;
audiowrite(‘系统录音.wav’,y,fs); % 存储录音文件

% 语音播放
function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
set(handles.pushbutton2,‘BackgroundColor’,[0.545,0.753,0.988]);
set(handles.pushbutton1,‘BackgroundColor’,[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
set(handles.pushbutton3,‘BackgroundColor’,[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
set(handles.pushbutton4,‘BackgroundColor’,[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
set(handles.pushbutton5,‘BackgroundColor’,[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
set(handles.pushbutton6,‘BackgroundColor’,[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
set(handles.pushbutton7,‘BackgroundColor’,[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
set(handles.pushbutton8,‘BackgroundColor’,[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
fs = 8000; % 采样频率
duration = 4; % 时间长度(秒）
n = durationfs; % 采样点数
t = (1:n)/fs;
y = audioread(‘系统录音.wav’); %读取音频100到10000部分
plot(handles.axes1,t,y); % 画出声音的时域波形图
xlabel(handles.axes1,‘时间/s’); % x轴标题
ylabel(handles.axes1,‘相对信号强度’); % y轴标题
L = length(y);
X=fft(y,L);
A = fftshift(X);
A=abs(A);
ws = 2 pi* fs;
w1 = (-ws/2 + (0:L-1) * ws/L)/(2 * pi);
plot(handles.axes2,w1, abs(A));
xlabel(handles.axes2,‘频率/Hz’);
ylabel(handles.axes2,‘幅度’);
clear sound
sound(y);

% 语音滤波
function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
set(handles.pushbutton3,‘BackgroundColor’,[0.545,0.753,0.988]);
set(handles.pushbutton2,‘BackgroundColor’,[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
set(handles.pushbutton1,‘BackgroundColor’,[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
set(handles.pushbutton4,‘BackgroundColor’,[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
set(handles.pushbutton5,‘BackgroundColor’,[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
set(handles.pushbutton6,‘BackgroundColor’,[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
set(handles.pushbutton7,‘BackgroundColor’,[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
set(handles.pushbutton8,‘BackgroundColor’,[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
fs = 8000; % 采样频率
duration = 4; % 时间长度(秒）
n = durationfs; % 采样点数
t = (1:n)/fs;
y = audioread(‘系统录音.wav’);
L = length(y);
ws = 2 pi* fs;
w1 = (-ws/2 + (0:L-1) * ws/L)/(2 * pi);
fs1 = str2double(get(handles.edit1,‘String’)); %阻带下边界
fsu = str2double(get(handles.edit3,‘String’)); %阻带上边界
fpl = str2double(get(handles.edit2,‘String’)); %通带下边界
fpu = str2double(get(handles.edit4,‘String’)); %通带上边界
As = str2double(get(handles.edit5,‘String’)); %阻带最小衰减
Fs = str2double(get(handles.edit6,‘String’)); %抽样频率
if ( fs1 > 100 || fsu > 100 || fpl > 100 || fpu > 100 || Fs > 100 )
%msgbox(‘单位：kHz，请重新输入’,‘注意’);
ha=msgbox(‘默认单位：kHz，请重新输入 0 ~ 100’,‘注意’);
% 设置显示字体大小和粗细
hb = findobj(ha, ‘Type’, ‘text’);
set(hb, ‘FontSize’, 16, ‘FontUnit’, ‘normal’,‘FontWeight’,‘Bold’);
% 设置字体居中
th = findall(0, ‘Tag’,‘MessageBox’ );
boxPosition = get(ha,‘position’);
textPosition = get(th, ‘position’);
set(th, ‘position’, [boxPosition(3).*1 textPosition(2) textPosition(3)]);
set(th, ‘HorizontalAlignment’, ‘center’);
set(ha,‘position’,[400 400 300 50]);% 使用这个语句可以修改msgbox的位置和大小
return;
end
if ( As > 80 )
%msgbox(‘As的范围为 0 ~ 80 ，请重新输入’,‘注意’);
ha=msgbox(‘As的范围为 0 ~ 80 ，请重新输入’,‘注意’);
% 设置显示字体大小和粗细
hb = findobj(ha, ‘Type’, ‘text’);
set(hb, ‘FontSize’, 16, ‘FontUnit’, ‘normal’,‘FontWeight’,‘Bold’);
% 设置字体居中
th = findall(0, ‘Tag’,‘MessageBox’ );
boxPosition = get(ha,‘position’);
textPosition = get(th, ‘position’);
set(th, ‘position’, [boxPosition(3).*1 textPosition(2) textPosition(3)]);
set(th, ‘HorizontalAlignment’, ‘center’);
set(ha,‘position’,[400 400 300 50]);% 使用这个语句可以修改msgbox的位置和大小
return;
end

⛄三、运行结果

⛄四、matlab版本及参考文献

1 matlab版本
2014a

2 参考文献
[1]韩纪庆,张磊,郑铁然.语音信号处理（第3版）[M].清华大学出版社，2019.
[2]柳若边.深度学习:语音识别技术实践[M].清华大学出版社，2019.
[3]宋云飞,姜占才,魏中华.基于MATLAB GUI的语音处理界面设计[J].科技信息. 2013,(02)

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