Java设计模式之观察者模式简单介绍

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我们今天简单介绍一下java的观察者模式，据说这个模式的使用频率非常高。

首先是主题接口：

public interface Subject {

    // 注册观察者
    public void registerObserver(Observer o);

    // 删除观察者
    public void removeObserver(Observer o);

    // 当主体状态改变时，这个方法会被调用，以通知所有观察者
    public void notifyObservers();

}

然后是观察者接口：

public interface Observer {
    // 需要实时更新的几个属性

    public void update(float temp, float humidity, float pressure);

}

主题实现类：

public class WeatherData implements Subject {

    private ArrayList observers;
    private float temperature;
    private float humidity;
    private float pressure;

    public WeatherData() {
        observers = new ArrayList();
    }

    @Override
    public void registerObserver(Observer o) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

        observers.add(o);
    }

    @Override
    public void removeObserver(Observer o) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        int i = observers.indexOf(o);
        if (i >= 0) {
            observers.remove(i);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void notifyObservers() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        for (int i = 0; i < observers.size(); i++) {
            Observer observer = (Observer) observers.get(i);
            observer.update(temperature, humidity, pressure);
        }

    }

    public void measurementsChanged() {
        notifyObservers();
    }

    public void setMeasurements(float temperature, float humidity, float pressure) {
        this.temperature = temperature;
        this.humidity = humidity;
        this.pressure = pressure;
        measurementsChanged();
    }

}

观察者类实现：

public class CurrentConditionsDisplay implements Observer, DisplayElement {

    private float temperature;
    private float humidity;
    private Subject weatherData;

    public CurrentConditionsDisplay(Subject weatherData) {

        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
        this.weatherData = weatherData;
        weatherData.registerObserver(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void display() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println(temperature + "\t" + humidity);
    }

    @Override
    public void update(float temp, float humidity, float pressure) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        this.temperature = temperature;
        this.humidity = humidity;
        display();

    }

}

测试类：

public class WeatherStation {
public static void main(String[] args) {
    WeatherData weatherData = new WeatherData();
    CurrentConditionsDisplay currentConditionsDisplay = new CurrentConditionsDisplay(weatherData);
    weatherData.setMeasurements(100, 99, 20);
}
}

输出：0.0 99.0