104 Dependency Inversion Principle

public HomeController()
{
    _citiesService = new CitiesService();
}

这个生成实例的方法，有两个缺点：

1、CitiesService类必须要已经完成才可以这么写不报错，Controller需要等该类写完才可以写；

2、如果将来需要替换类，且很多地方使用，那么工作量很大；

解决方法就是Dependency Inversion Principle(DIP)

存在的问题：

DIP

示例

新建一个类库项目，名称为ServiceContracts，添加接口ICitiesService

namespace ServiceContracts
{
    public interface ICitiesService
    {
        List<string> GetCities();
    }
}

HomeController.cs

 public class HomeController : Controller
 {
     //private readonly CitiesService _citiesService;

     private readonly ICitiesService _citiesService;

     public HomeController(ICitiesService services)
     {
         _citiesService = services;
         //_citiesService = new CitiesService();
     }

     [Route("/")]
     public IActionResult Index()
     {
         List<string> cities = _citiesService.GetCities();
         return View(cities);
     }
 }

项目Service添加ServiceContracts项目引用，并实现接口ICitiesService

public class CitiesService : ICitiesService
{
    private List<string> _cities;

    public CitiesService()
    {
        _cities = new List<string>()
        {
            "Lodon",
            "Paris",
            "New York",
            "Tokyo",
            "Rome"
        };
    }

    public List<string> GetCities()
    {
        return _cities;
    }
}

Program.cs中添加AddScoped

using ServiceContracts;
using Services;

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
builder.Services.AddControllersWithViews();
builder.Services.AddScoped<ICitiesService, CitiesService>();
var app = builder.Build();

//app.MapGet("/", () => "Hello World!");
app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseRouting();
app.MapControllers();

app.Run();

程序可以正常运行

Gitee获取源码：

https://gitee.com/huang_jianhua0101/asp.-net-core-8.git