Dependency Inversion Principle

DIP(Dependency Inversion Principle) 是一种设计原则.

定义

1. 高层不应该依赖底层, 他们都应该依赖抽象.
2. 抽象不应该依赖细节, 细节应该依赖抽象.

举例

public class CustomerBusinessLogic
{
    public CustomerBusinessLogic()
    {
    }

    public string GetCustomerName(int id)
    {
        DataAccess _dataAccess = DataAccessFactory.GetDataAccessObj();

        return _dataAccess.GetCustomerName(id);
    }
}

public class DataAccessFactory
{
    public static DataAccess GetDataAccessObj() 
    {
        return new DataAccess();
    }
}

public class DataAccess
{
    public DataAccess()
    {
    }

    public string GetCustomerName(int id) {
        return "Dummy Customer Name"; // get it from DB in real app
    }
}

存在的问题.

1. 高层对象CustomerBusinessLogic 依赖具体的底层对象DataAccess. 他们都应该依赖于他们的抽象.

解决方法

1. CustomerBusinessLogic 依赖与他的抽象ICustomerDataAccerror
2. DataAccess 依赖于他的抽象IDataAccess.
3. CustomerBusnessLogic 不应该依赖具体的对象DataAccess, 而应该依赖于他的抽象IDataAccess

public interface ICustomerDataAccess
{
    string GetCustomerName(int id);
}

public class CustomerDataAccess: ICustomerDataAccess
{
    public CustomerDataAccess() {
    }

    public string GetCustomerName(int id) {
        return "Dummy Customer Name";        
    }
}

public class DataAccessFactory
{
    public static ICustomerDataAccess GetCustomerDataAccessObj() 
    {
        return new CustomerDataAccess();
    }
}

public class CustomerBusinessLogic
{
    ICustomerDataAccess _custDataAccess;

    public CustomerBusinessLogic()
    {
        _custDataAccess = DataAccessFactory.GetCustomerDataAccessObj();
    }

    public string GetCustomerName(int id)
    {
        return _custDataAccess.GetCustomerName(id);
    }
}