pytorch房价预测练习

⑨充满智慧与力量⑨

已于 2022-03-06 22:51:11 修改

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分类专栏：机器学习文章标签： hbase hadoop big data

于 2022-03-06 22:17:42 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Kuicer/article/details/123318933

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任务：基于 pytorch 实现房价预测

收集数据，对数据的属性进行介绍
编程实现数据预处理并保存
数据统计分析并绘制效果图

gitee仓库地址

个人博客地址

数据来源

导入包

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

读取数据

train_data = pd.read_csv("../data/train.csv")
test_data = pd.read_csv("../data/test.csv")

查看数据

train_data.head(20)

	Id	MSSubClass	MSZoning	LotFrontage	LotArea	Street	Alley	LotShape	LandContour	Utilities	...	PoolQC	Fence	MiscFeature	MiscVal	MoSold	YrSold	SaleType	SaleCondition	SalePrice
0	1	60	RL	65.0	8450	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	...	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	2	2008	WD	Normal	208500
1	2	20	RL	80.0	9600	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	...	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	5	2007	WD	Normal	181500
2	3	60	RL	68.0	11250	Pave	NaN	IR1	Lvl	AllPub	...	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	9	2008	WD	Normal	223500
3	4	70	RL	60.0	9550	Pave	NaN	IR1	Lvl	AllPub	...	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	2	2006	WD	Abnorml	140000
4	5	60	RL	84.0	14260	Pave	NaN	IR1	Lvl	AllPub	...	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	12	2008	WD	Normal	250000
5	6	50	RL	85.0	14115	Pave	NaN	IR1	Lvl	AllPub	...	NaN	MnPrv	Shed	700	10	2009	WD	Normal	143000
6	7	20	RL	75.0	10084	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	...	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	8	2007	WD	Normal	307000
7	8	60	RL	NaN	10382	Pave	NaN	IR1	Lvl	AllPub	...	NaN	NaN	Shed	350	11	2009	WD	Normal	200000
8	9	50	RM	51.0	6120	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	...	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	4	2008	WD	Abnorml	129900
9	10	190	RL	50.0	7420	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	...	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	1	2008	WD	Normal	118000
10	11	20	RL	70.0	11200	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	...	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	2	2008	WD	Normal	129500
11	12	60	RL	85.0	11924	Pave	NaN	IR1	Lvl	AllPub	...	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	7	2006	New	Partial	345000
12	13	20	RL	NaN	12968	Pave	NaN	IR2	Lvl	AllPub	...	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	9	2008	WD	Normal	144000
13	14	20	RL	91.0	10652	Pave	NaN	IR1	Lvl	AllPub	...	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	8	2007	New	Partial	279500
14	15	20	RL	NaN	10920	Pave	NaN	IR1	Lvl	AllPub	...	NaN	GdWo	NaN	0	5	2008	WD	Normal	157000
15	16	45	RM	51.0	6120	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	...	NaN	GdPrv	NaN	0	7	2007	WD	Normal	132000
16	17	20	RL	NaN	11241	Pave	NaN	IR1	Lvl	AllPub	...	NaN	NaN	Shed	700	3	2010	WD	Normal	149000
17	18	90	RL	72.0	10791	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	...	NaN	NaN	Shed	500	10	2006	WD	Normal	90000
18	19	20	RL	66.0	13695	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	...	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	6	2008	WD	Normal	159000
19	20	20	RL	70.0	7560	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	...	NaN	MnPrv	NaN	0	5	2009	COD	Abnorml	139000

20 rows × 81 columns

train_data.describe()

	Id	MSSubClass	LotFrontage	LotArea	OverallQual	OverallCond	YearBuilt	YearRemodAdd	MasVnrArea	BsmtFinSF1	...	WoodDeckSF	OpenPorchSF	EnclosedPorch	3SsnPorch	ScreenPorch	PoolArea	MiscVal	MoSold	YrSold	SalePrice
count	1460.000000	1460.000000	1201.000000	1460.000000	1460.000000	1460.000000	1460.000000	1460.000000	1452.000000	1460.000000	...	1460.000000	1460.000000	1460.000000	1460.000000	1460.000000	1460.000000	1460.000000	1460.000000	1460.000000	1460.000000
mean	730.500000	56.897260	70.049958	10516.828082	6.099315	5.575342	1971.267808	1984.865753	103.685262	443.639726	...	94.244521	46.660274	21.954110	3.409589	15.060959	2.758904	43.489041	6.321918	2007.815753	180921.195890
std	421.610009	42.300571	24.284752	9981.264932	1.382997	1.112799	30.202904	20.645407	181.066207	456.098091	...	125.338794	66.256028	61.119149	29.317331	55.757415	40.177307	496.123024	2.703626	1.328095	79442.502883
min	1.000000	20.000000	21.000000	1300.000000	1.000000	1.000000	1872.000000	1950.000000	0.000000	0.000000	...	0.000000	0.000000	0.000000	0.000000	0.000000	0.000000	0.000000	1.000000	2006.000000	34900.000000
25%	365.750000	20.000000	59.000000	7553.500000	5.000000	5.000000	1954.000000	1967.000000	0.000000	0.000000	...	0.000000	0.000000	0.000000	0.000000	0.000000	0.000000	0.000000	5.000000	2007.000000	129975.000000
50%	730.500000	50.000000	69.000000	9478.500000	6.000000	5.000000	1973.000000	1994.000000	0.000000	383.500000	...	0.000000	25.000000	0.000000	0.000000	0.000000	0.000000	0.000000	6.000000	2008.000000	163000.000000
75%	1095.250000	70.000000	80.000000	11601.500000	7.000000	6.000000	2000.000000	2004.000000	166.000000	712.250000	...	168.000000	68.000000	0.000000	0.000000	0.000000	0.000000	0.000000	8.000000	2009.000000	214000.000000
max	1460.000000	190.000000	313.000000	215245.000000	10.000000	9.000000	2010.000000	2010.000000	1600.000000	5644.000000	...	857.000000	547.000000	552.000000	508.000000	480.000000	738.000000	15500.000000	12.000000	2010.000000	755000.000000

8 rows × 38 columns

数据中各属性在data/data_description.txt中已详细介绍，再次不再赘述

数据预处理

train_data.shape, test_data.shape

((1460, 81), (1459, 80))

Id属性对房价预测没有影响，去除

train_data = train_data.drop(['Id'], axis=1)
train_data

	MSSubClass	MSZoning	LotFrontage	LotArea	Street	Alley	LotShape	LandContour	Utilities	LotConfig	...	PoolArea	PoolQC	Fence	MiscFeature	MiscVal	MoSold	YrSold	SaleType	SaleCondition	SalePrice
0	60	RL	65.0	8450	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	Inside	...	0	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	2	2008	WD	Normal	208500
1	20	RL	80.0	9600	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	FR2	...	0	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	5	2007	WD	Normal	181500
2	60	RL	68.0	11250	Pave	NaN	IR1	Lvl	AllPub	Inside	...	0	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	9	2008	WD	Normal	223500
3	70	RL	60.0	9550	Pave	NaN	IR1	Lvl	AllPub	Corner	...	0	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	2	2006	WD	Abnorml	140000
4	60	RL	84.0	14260	Pave	NaN	IR1	Lvl	AllPub	FR2	...	0	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	12	2008	WD	Normal	250000
...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
1455	60	RL	62.0	7917	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	Inside	...	0	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	8	2007	WD	Normal	175000
1456	20	RL	85.0	13175	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	Inside	...	0	NaN	MnPrv	NaN	0	2	2010	WD	Normal	210000
1457	70	RL	66.0	9042	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	Inside	...	0	NaN	GdPrv	Shed	2500	5	2010	WD	Normal	266500
1458	20	RL	68.0	9717	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	Inside	...	0	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	4	2010	WD	Normal	142125
1459	20	RL	75.0	9937	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	Inside	...	0	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	6	2008	WD	Normal	147500

1460 rows × 80 columns

# 拆分数据与标签
# tx = train_data.drop(['SalePrice'],axis=1)
# ty = train_data['SalePrice']
# tx, ty
tx = train_data
tx

	MSSubClass	MSZoning	LotFrontage	LotArea	Street	Alley	LotShape	LandContour	Utilities	LotConfig	...	PoolArea	PoolQC	Fence	MiscFeature	MiscVal	MoSold	YrSold	SaleType	SaleCondition	SalePrice
0	60	RL	65.0	8450	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	Inside	...	0	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	2	2008	WD	Normal	208500
1	20	RL	80.0	9600	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	FR2	...	0	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	5	2007	WD	Normal	181500
2	60	RL	68.0	11250	Pave	NaN	IR1	Lvl	AllPub	Inside	...	0	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	9	2008	WD	Normal	223500
3	70	RL	60.0	9550	Pave	NaN	IR1	Lvl	AllPub	Corner	...	0	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	2	2006	WD	Abnorml	140000
4	60	RL	84.0	14260	Pave	NaN	IR1	Lvl	AllPub	FR2	...	0	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	12	2008	WD	Normal	250000
...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
1455	60	RL	62.0	7917	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	Inside	...	0	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	8	2007	WD	Normal	175000
1456	20	RL	85.0	13175	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	Inside	...	0	NaN	MnPrv	NaN	0	2	2010	WD	Normal	210000
1457	70	RL	66.0	9042	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	Inside	...	0	NaN	GdPrv	Shed	2500	5	2010	WD	Normal	266500
1458	20	RL	68.0	9717	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	Inside	...	0	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	4	2010	WD	Normal	142125
1459	20	RL	75.0	9937	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	Inside	...	0	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	6	2008	WD	Normal	147500

1460 rows × 80 columns

# 标准化后，房价也同样落在了[-1, 1]的区间里，预测出来的值不是真实值，为解决这个问题，计算出 mean max min后反算即可
d_mean = tx['SalePrice'].mean()
d_max = tx['SalePrice'].max()
d_min = tx['SalePrice'].min()

连续型属性处理

数据属性有些是连续型，有些是离散型，统计这些属性如下

continuous_colmuns = []
continuous_colmuns.extend(list(tx.dtypes[train_data.dtypes == np.int64].index))
continuous_colmuns.extend(list(tx.dtypes[train_data.dtypes == np.float64].index))
continuous_colmuns

['MSSubClass',
 'LotArea',
 'OverallQual',
 'OverallCond',
 'YearBuilt',
 'YearRemodAdd',
 'BsmtFinSF1',
 'BsmtFinSF2',
 'BsmtUnfSF',
 'TotalBsmtSF',
 '1stFlrSF',
 '2ndFlrSF',
 'LowQualFinSF',
 'GrLivArea',
 'BsmtFullBath',
 'BsmtHalfBath',
 'FullBath',
 'HalfBath',
 'BedroomAbvGr',
 'KitchenAbvGr',
 'TotRmsAbvGrd',
 'Fireplaces',
 'GarageCars',
 'GarageArea',
 'WoodDeckSF',
 'OpenPorchSF',
 'EnclosedPorch',
 '3SsnPorch',
 'ScreenPorch',
 'PoolArea',
 'MiscVal',
 'MoSold',
 'YrSold',
 'SalePrice',
 'LotFrontage',
 'MasVnrArea',
 'GarageYrBlt']

# 查找连续值是否存在缺失值
tx[continuous_colmuns].isnull().sum(),tx[continuous_colmuns].isna().sum()

(MSSubClass         0
 LotArea            0
 OverallQual        0
 OverallCond        0
 YearBuilt          0
 YearRemodAdd       0
 BsmtFinSF1         0
 BsmtFinSF2         0
 BsmtUnfSF          0
 TotalBsmtSF        0
 1stFlrSF           0
 2ndFlrSF           0
 LowQualFinSF       0
 GrLivArea          0
 BsmtFullBath       0
 BsmtHalfBath       0
 FullBath           0
 HalfBath           0
 BedroomAbvGr       0
 KitchenAbvGr       0
 TotRmsAbvGrd       0
 Fireplaces         0
 GarageCars         0
 GarageArea         0
 WoodDeckSF         0
 OpenPorchSF        0
 EnclosedPorch      0
 3SsnPorch          0
 ScreenPorch        0
 PoolArea           0
 MiscVal            0
 MoSold             0
 YrSold             0
 SalePrice          0
 LotFrontage      259
 MasVnrArea         8
 GarageYrBlt       81
 dtype: int64,
 MSSubClass         0
 LotArea            0
 OverallQual        0
 OverallCond        0
 YearBuilt          0
 YearRemodAdd       0
 BsmtFinSF1         0
 BsmtFinSF2         0
 BsmtUnfSF          0
 TotalBsmtSF        0
 1stFlrSF           0
 2ndFlrSF           0
 LowQualFinSF       0
 GrLivArea          0
 BsmtFullBath       0
 BsmtHalfBath       0
 FullBath           0
 HalfBath           0
 BedroomAbvGr       0
 KitchenAbvGr       0
 TotRmsAbvGrd       0
 Fireplaces         0
 GarageCars         0
 GarageArea         0
 WoodDeckSF         0
 OpenPorchSF        0
 EnclosedPorch      0
 3SsnPorch          0
 ScreenPorch        0
 PoolArea           0
 MiscVal            0
 MoSold             0
 YrSold             0
 SalePrice          0
 LotFrontage      259
 MasVnrArea         8
 GarageYrBlt       81
 dtype: int64)

# 标准化连续值
tx[continuous_colmuns] = tx[continuous_colmuns].apply(lambda x: (x - x.mean())/(x.std()))
tx[continuous_colmuns]

	MSSubClass	LotArea	OverallQual	OverallCond	YearBuilt	YearRemodAdd	BsmtFinSF1	BsmtFinSF2	BsmtUnfSF	TotalBsmtSF	...	3SsnPorch	ScreenPorch	PoolArea	MiscVal	MoSold	YrSold	SalePrice	LotFrontage	MasVnrArea	GarageYrBlt
0	0.073350	-0.207071	0.651256	-0.517023	1.050634	0.878367	0.575228	-0.288554	-0.944267	-0.459145	...	-0.116299	-0.270116	-0.068668	-0.087658	-1.598563	0.138730	0.347154	-0.207948	0.509840	0.992066
1	-0.872264	-0.091855	-0.071812	2.178881	0.156680	-0.429430	1.171591	-0.288554	-0.641008	0.466305	...	-0.116299	-0.270116	-0.068668	-0.087658	-0.488943	-0.614228	0.007286	0.409724	-0.572637	-0.101506
2	0.073350	0.073455	0.651256	-0.517023	0.984415	0.829930	0.092875	-0.288554	-0.301540	-0.313261	...	-0.116299	-0.270116	-0.068668	-0.087658	0.990552	0.138730	0.535970	-0.084413	0.322063	0.911061
3	0.309753	-0.096864	0.651256	-0.517023	-1.862993	-0.720051	-0.499103	-0.288554	-0.061648	-0.687089	...	-0.116299	-0.270116	-0.068668	-0.087658	-1.598563	-1.367186	-0.515105	-0.413838	-0.572637	0.789553
4	0.073350	0.375020	1.374324	-0.517023	0.951306	0.733056	0.463410	-0.288554	-0.174805	0.199611	...	-0.116299	-0.270116	-0.068668	-0.087658	2.100173	0.138730	0.869545	0.574436	1.360357	0.870558
...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
1455	0.073350	-0.260471	-0.071812	-0.517023	0.918196	0.733056	-0.972685	-0.288554	0.873022	-0.238040	...	-0.116299	-0.270116	-0.068668	-0.087658	0.620678	-0.614228	-0.074534	-0.331482	-0.572637	0.830055
1456	-0.872264	0.266316	-0.071812	0.381612	0.222899	0.151813	0.759399	0.721865	0.049245	1.104547	...	-0.116299	-0.270116	-0.068668	-0.087658	-1.598563	1.644646	0.366036	0.615614	0.084581	-0.020501
1457	0.309753	-0.147760	0.651256	3.077516	-1.002149	1.023678	-0.369744	-0.288554	0.701025	0.215567	...	-0.116299	-0.270116	-0.068668	4.951415	-0.488943	1.644646	1.077242	-0.166770	-0.572637	-1.519100
1458	-0.872264	-0.080133	-0.794879	0.381612	-0.704164	0.539309	-0.865252	6.090101	-1.283736	0.046889	...	-0.116299	-0.270116	-0.068668	-0.087658	-0.858816	1.644646	-0.488356	-0.084413	-0.572637	-1.154576
1459	-0.872264	-0.058092	-0.794879	0.381612	-0.207523	-0.962236	0.847099	1.509123	-0.975951	0.452629	...	-0.116299	-0.270116	-0.068668	-0.087658	-0.119069	0.138730	-0.420697	0.203833	-0.572637	-0.547036

1460 rows × 37 columns

# 缺失值默认设置为均值，标准化后均值为0
tx[continuous_colmuns] = tx[continuous_colmuns].fillna(0)
tx

	MSSubClass	MSZoning	LotFrontage	LotArea	Street	Alley	LotShape	LandContour	Utilities	LotConfig	...	PoolArea	PoolQC	Fence	MiscFeature	MiscVal	MoSold	YrSold	SaleType	SaleCondition	SalePrice
0	0.073350	RL	-0.207948	-0.207071	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	Inside	...	-0.068668	NaN	NaN	NaN	-0.087658	-1.598563	0.138730	WD	Normal	0.347154
1	-0.872264	RL	0.409724	-0.091855	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	FR2	...	-0.068668	NaN	NaN	NaN	-0.087658	-0.488943	-0.614228	WD	Normal	0.007286
2	0.073350	RL	-0.084413	0.073455	Pave	NaN	IR1	Lvl	AllPub	Inside	...	-0.068668	NaN	NaN	NaN	-0.087658	0.990552	0.138730	WD	Normal	0.535970
3	0.309753	RL	-0.413838	-0.096864	Pave	NaN	IR1	Lvl	AllPub	Corner	...	-0.068668	NaN	NaN	NaN	-0.087658	-1.598563	-1.367186	WD	Abnorml	-0.515105
4	0.073350	RL	0.574436	0.375020	Pave	NaN	IR1	Lvl	AllPub	FR2	...	-0.068668	NaN	NaN	NaN	-0.087658	2.100173	0.138730	WD	Normal	0.869545
...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
1455	0.073350	RL	-0.331482	-0.260471	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	Inside	...	-0.068668	NaN	NaN	NaN	-0.087658	0.620678	-0.614228	WD	Normal	-0.074534
1456	-0.872264	RL	0.615614	0.266316	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	Inside	...	-0.068668	NaN	MnPrv	NaN	-0.087658	-1.598563	1.644646	WD	Normal	0.366036
1457	0.309753	RL	-0.166770	-0.147760	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	Inside	...	-0.068668	NaN	GdPrv	Shed	4.951415	-0.488943	1.644646	WD	Normal	1.077242
1458	-0.872264	RL	-0.084413	-0.080133	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	Inside	...	-0.068668	NaN	NaN	NaN	-0.087658	-0.858816	1.644646	WD	Normal	-0.488356
1459	-0.872264	RL	0.203833	-0.058092	Pave	NaN	Reg	Lvl	AllPub	Inside	...	-0.068668	NaN	NaN	NaN	-0.087658	-0.119069	0.138730	WD	Normal	-0.420697

1460 rows × 80 columns

离散型属性处理

统计各属性属性值个数

discrete_colmuns = []
discrete_colmuns.extend(list(tx.dtypes[train_data.dtypes  == 'object'].index))
discrete_colmuns

['MSZoning',
 'Street',
 'Alley',
 'LotShape',
 'LandContour',
 'Utilities',
 'LotConfig',
 'LandSlope',
 'Neighborhood',
 'Condition1',
 'Condition2',
 'BldgType',
 'HouseStyle',
 'RoofStyle',
 'RoofMatl',
 'Exterior1st',
 'Exterior2nd',
 'MasVnrType',
 'ExterQual',
 'ExterCond',
 'Foundation',
 'BsmtQual',
 'BsmtCond',
 'BsmtExposure',
 'BsmtFinType1',
 'BsmtFinType2',
 'Heating',
 'HeatingQC',
 'CentralAir',
 'Electrical',
 'KitchenQual',
 'Functional',
 'FireplaceQu',
 'GarageType',
 'GarageFinish',
 'GarageQual',
 'GarageCond',
 'PavedDrive',
 'PoolQC',
 'Fence',
 'MiscFeature',
 'SaleType',
 'SaleCondition']

# 缺失值
tx[discrete_colmuns].isnull().sum(),tx[discrete_colmuns].isna().sum()

(MSZoning            0
 Street              0
 Alley            1369
 LotShape            0
 LandContour         0
 Utilities           0
 LotConfig           0
 LandSlope           0
 Neighborhood        0
 Condition1          0
 Condition2          0
 BldgType            0
 HouseStyle          0
 RoofStyle           0
 RoofMatl            0
 Exterior1st         0
 Exterior2nd         0
 MasVnrType          8
 ExterQual           0
 ExterCond           0
 Foundation          0
 BsmtQual           37
 BsmtCond           37
 BsmtExposure       38
 BsmtFinType1       37
 BsmtFinType2       38
 Heating             0
 HeatingQC           0
 CentralAir          0
 Electrical          1
 KitchenQual         0
 Functional          0
 FireplaceQu       690
 GarageType         81
 GarageFinish       81
 GarageQual         81
 GarageCond         81
 PavedDrive          0
 PoolQC           1453
 Fence            1179
 MiscFeature      1406
 SaleType            0
 SaleCondition       0
 dtype: int64,
 MSZoning            0
 Street              0
 Alley            1369
 LotShape            0
 LandContour         0
 Utilities           0
 LotConfig           0
 LandSlope           0
 Neighborhood        0
 Condition1          0
 Condition2          0
 BldgType            0
 HouseStyle          0
 RoofStyle           0
 RoofMatl            0
 Exterior1st         0
 Exterior2nd         0
 MasVnrType          8
 ExterQual           0
 ExterCond           0
 Foundation          0
 BsmtQual           37
 BsmtCond           37
 BsmtExposure       38
 BsmtFinType1       37
 BsmtFinType2       38
 Heating             0
 HeatingQC           0
 CentralAir          0
 Electrical          1
 KitchenQual         0
 Functional          0
 FireplaceQu       690
 GarageType         81
 GarageFinish       81
 GarageQual         81
 GarageCond         81
 PavedDrive          0
 PoolQC           1453
 Fence            1179
 MiscFeature      1406
 SaleType            0
 SaleCondition       0
 dtype: int64)

将离散值转化为 one hot 编码

tx = pd.get_dummies(tx, dummy_na=True)
tx

	MSSubClass	LotFrontage	LotArea	OverallQual	OverallCond	YearBuilt	YearRemodAdd	MasVnrArea	BsmtFinSF1	BsmtFinSF2	...	SaleType_Oth	SaleType_WD	SaleType_nan	SaleCondition_Abnorml	SaleCondition_AdjLand	SaleCondition_Alloca	SaleCondition_Family	SaleCondition_Normal	SaleCondition_Partial	SaleCondition_nan
0	0.073350	-0.207948	-0.207071	0.651256	-0.517023	1.050634	0.878367	0.509840	0.575228	-0.288554	...	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0
1	-0.872264	0.409724	-0.091855	-0.071812	2.178881	0.156680	-0.429430	-0.572637	1.171591	-0.288554	...	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0
2	0.073350	-0.084413	0.073455	0.651256	-0.517023	0.984415	0.829930	0.322063	0.092875	-0.288554	...	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0
3	0.309753	-0.413838	-0.096864	0.651256	-0.517023	-1.862993	-0.720051	-0.572637	-0.499103	-0.288554	...	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
4	0.073350	0.574436	0.375020	1.374324	-0.517023	0.951306	0.733056	1.360357	0.463410	-0.288554	...	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0
...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
1455	0.073350	-0.331482	-0.260471	-0.071812	-0.517023	0.918196	0.733056	-0.572637	-0.972685	-0.288554	...	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0
1456	-0.872264	0.615614	0.266316	-0.071812	0.381612	0.222899	0.151813	0.084581	0.759399	0.721865	...	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0
1457	0.309753	-0.166770	-0.147760	0.651256	3.077516	-1.002149	1.023678	-0.572637	-0.369744	-0.288554	...	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0
1458	-0.872264	-0.084413	-0.080133	-0.794879	0.381612	-0.704164	0.539309	-0.572637	-0.865252	6.090101	...	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0
1459	-0.872264	0.203833	-0.058092	-0.794879	0.381612	-0.207523	-0.962236	-0.572637	0.847099	1.509123	...	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0

1460 rows × 332 columns

到此数据处理完成，补充空值缺失值，数据标准化。

导出处理后训练数据数据

tx.to_csv("../data_process.csv",index=False)

线性回归训练

y = torch.tensor(pd.DataFrame(tx['SalePrice']).values, dtype=torch.float)
tx.drop(['SalePrice'],axis=1)
x =  torch.tensor(tx.values, dtype=torch.float)
x,y

(tensor([[ 0.0733, -0.2079, -0.2071,  ...,  1.0000,  0.0000,  0.0000],
         [-0.8723,  0.4097, -0.0919,  ...,  1.0000,  0.0000,  0.0000],
         [ 0.0733, -0.0844,  0.0735,  ...,  1.0000,  0.0000,  0.0000],
         ...,
         [ 0.3098, -0.1668, -0.1478,  ...,  1.0000,  0.0000,  0.0000],
         [-0.8723, -0.0844, -0.0801,  ...,  1.0000,  0.0000,  0.0000],
         [-0.8723,  0.2038, -0.0581,  ...,  1.0000,  0.0000,  0.0000]]),
 tensor([[ 0.3472],
         [ 0.0073],
         [ 0.5360],
         ...,
         [ 1.0772],
         [-0.4884],
         [-0.4207]]))

class Net(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, data_in, l1, l2, l3, data_out):
        super(Net, self).__init__()
        
        self.linear1 = nn.Linear(data_in, l1)
        self.linear2 = nn.Linear(l1, l2)
        self.linear3 = nn.Linear(l2, l3)
        self.linear4 = nn.Linear(l3, data_out)
        
    def forward(self, x):
        y_pred = self.linear1(x).clamp(min=0)
        y_pred = self.linear2(y_pred).clamp(min=0)
        y_pred = self.linear3(y_pred).clamp(min=0)
        y_pred = self.linear4(y_pred)
        return y_pred

# def get_net(feature_num):
#     net = nn.Linear(feature_num, 1)
#     for param in net.parameters():
#         nn.init.normal_(param, mean=0, std=0.01)
#     return net

l1, l2, l3 = 500, 1000, 200
data_in = x.shape[1]
data_out = y.shape[1]
model = Net(data_in,l1,l2,l3,data_out)
criterion = nn.MSELoss(reduction='sum')
optimizer = torch.optim.Adam(model.parameters(), lr=1e-4*2, weight_decay=0)

losses1 = []
y_p = y
for t in range(500):
    y_pred = model(x)
    
    loss = criterion(y_pred, y)
    print(t, loss.item())
    losses1.append(loss.item())
    
    if torch.isnan(loss):
        break
    
    optimizer.zero_grad()
    loss.backward()
    optimizer.step()
    y_p=y_pred

0 1459.40771484375
1 1392.9884033203125
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476 0.08529476821422577
477 0.039876788854599
478 0.0217688400298357
479 0.031408119946718216
480 0.05699583888053894
481 0.08281167596578598
482 0.09696558117866516
483 0.09485352784395218
484 0.07945433259010315
485 0.057723499834537506
486 0.03747238963842392
487 0.024086352437734604
488 0.019536178559064865
489 0.022679146379232407
490 0.0305526964366436
491 0.039793986827135086
492 0.04764045029878616
493 0.05252092704176903
494 0.05387616530060768
495 0.05217081680893898
496 0.04817085713148117
497 0.04296367987990379
498 0.03738382086157799
499 0.03214520961046219

训练结果展示

import os
os.environ["KMP_DUPLICATE_LIB_OK"]  =  "TRUE"
# 上面这个是处理jupyter notebook内核挂掉的，不必在意
# 横坐标为迭代次数，纵坐标为loss值
plt.figure(figsize=(12, 10))
plt.plot(range(len(losses1)), losses1)
plt.show()

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-YjR40Hbg-1646578210620)(file/output_30_0.png)]

y_p.shape,x.shape

(torch.Size([1460, 1]), torch.Size([1460, 332]))

模型预测

时间有限，目前仅仅只简单训练，暂时不考虑优化或者其他操作

同样先处理数据

test_data.isnull().sum()

Id                 0
MSSubClass         0
MSZoning           4
LotFrontage      227
LotArea            0
                ... 
MiscVal            0
MoSold             0
YrSold             0
SaleType           1
SaleCondition      0
Length: 80, dtype: int64

continuous_colmuns.remove('SalePrice')
test_data[continuous_colmuns] = test_data[continuous_colmuns].apply(lambda x: (x - x.mean())/(x.std()))
test_data[continuous_colmuns]=test_data[continuous_colmuns].fillna(0)
test_data[continuous_colmuns].isnull().sum()

MSSubClass       0
LotArea          0
OverallQual      0
OverallCond      0
YearBuilt        0
YearRemodAdd     0
BsmtFinSF1       0
BsmtFinSF2       0
BsmtUnfSF        0
TotalBsmtSF      0
1stFlrSF         0
2ndFlrSF         0
LowQualFinSF     0
GrLivArea        0
BsmtFullBath     0
BsmtHalfBath     0
FullBath         0
HalfBath         0
BedroomAbvGr     0
KitchenAbvGr     0
TotRmsAbvGrd     0
Fireplaces       0
GarageCars       0
GarageArea       0
WoodDeckSF       0
OpenPorchSF      0
EnclosedPorch    0
3SsnPorch        0
ScreenPorch      0
PoolArea         0
MiscVal          0
MoSold           0
YrSold           0
LotFrontage      0
MasVnrArea       0
GarageYrBlt      0
dtype: int64

# 这一步为了让网络参数统一
td=test_data
td = pd.get_dummies(test_data, dummy_na=True)
for col in tx.columns:
	if col not in td:
		td[col] = 0
td = td.drop(['Id'],axis=1)

# 预测
pred_y = model(torch.tensor(td.values, dtype=torch.float))
pred_y

tensor([[-0.3723],
        [-0.1471],
        [-0.0315],
        ...,
        [-0.1320],
        [-0.4483],
        [-0.0833]], grad_fn=<AddmmBackward0>)

res = pd.DataFrame(pred_y.data.numpy(), columns=['SalePrice'])
res['SalePrice']

0      -0.372343
1      -0.147053
2      -0.031502
3       0.103289
4      -0.258128
          ...   
1454   -0.568579
1455   -0.618316
1456   -0.132024
1457   -0.448310
1458   -0.083297
Name: SalePrice, Length: 1459, dtype: float32

# 计算房价

res['SalePrice'] = res['SalePrice'] * (d_max - d_min) + d_mean
res
# 预测值有点离谱，之后有时间找找问题再重新修正

	SalePrice
0	-87203.301559
1	75028.274554
2	158236.460120
3	255299.261917
4	-4957.003893
...	...
1454	-228512.597976
1455	-264328.452371
1456	85850.581086
1457	-141906.568785
1458	120939.053495

1459 rows × 1 columns

⑨充满智慧与力量⑨

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pytorch房价预测练习

任务：基于 pytorch 实现房价预测收集数据，对数据的属性进行介绍编程实现数据预处理并保存数据统计分析并绘制效果图gitee仓库地址个人博客地址数据来源导入包import torchimport torch.nn as nnimport numpy as npimport pandas as pdimport matplotlib.pyplot as plt读取数据train_data = pd.read_csv("../data/train.csv")test_da
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