python-opencv文档扫描

#导入工具包
import numpy as np
import argparse
import cv2

#设置参数
ap = argparse.ArgumentParser()
ap.add_argument("-i","--image",required=True,
                help="Path to the image to be scanned")
args = vars(ap.parse_args())

def order_points(pts):
    # 一共4个坐标点
    rect = np.zeros((4,2), dtype = "float32")

    # 按顺序找到对应坐标0123分别是左上，右上，右下，坐下
    # 计算左下，右下
    s = pts.sum(axis = 1)
    rect[0] = pts[np.argmin(s)]
    rect[2] = pts[np.argmax(s)]

    # 计算右上和左下
    diff = np.diff(pts, axis = 1)
    rect[1] = pts[np.argmin(diff)]
    rect[3] = pts[np.argmax(diff)]

    return rect

def four_point_transform(image, pts):
    # 获取输入坐标点
    rect = order_points(pts)
    (tl, tr, br, bl) = rect

    # 计算输入的w和h值
    widthA = np.sqrt(((br[0] - bl[0]) ** 2) + ((br[1] - bl[1]) ** 2))
    widthB = np.sqrt(((tr[0] - tl[0]) ** 2) + ((tr[1] - tl[1]) ** 2))
    maxWidth = max(int(widthA), int(widthB))

    heightA = np.sqrt(((tr[0] - br[0]) ** 2) + ((tr[1] - br[1]) ** 2))
    heightB = np.sqrt(((tl[0] - bl[0]) ** 2) + ((tl[1] - bl[1]) ** 2))
    maxHeight = max(int(heightA), int(heightB))

    # 变换后对应坐标位置
    dst = np.array([
        [0,0],
        [maxWidth - 1, 0],
        [maxWidth - 1, maxHeight - 1],
        [0, maxHeight - 1]], dtype = "float32")

    # 计算变换矩阵
    M = cv2.getPerspectiveTransform(rect, dst)
    warped = cv2.warpPerspective(image,M,(maxWidth,maxHeight))

    # 返回变换后的结果
    return warped

def resize(image, width=None, height=None, inter = cv2.INTER_AREA):
    dim = None
    (h,w) = image.shape[:2]
    if width is None and height is None:
        return image
    if width is None:
        r = height / float(h)
        dim = (int(w*r),height)
    else:
        r = width / float(w)
        dim = (width, int(h*r))
    resized = cv2.resize(image, dim, interpolation=inter)
    return resized

# 读取输入
image = cv2.imread(args["image"])
# 坐标也会相同变化
ratio = image.shape[0] / 500.0  # 算改变的比例
orig = image.copy()


image = resize(orig, height = 500)

# 预处理
gray = cv2.cvtColor(image,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)# 转换成灰度图
gray = cv2.GaussianBlur(gray, (5,5),0)  # 高斯滤波操作，消除噪音点
edged = cv2.Canny(gray,75,200) # 边缘检测

# 展示预处理结果
print("STEP 1:边缘检测")
cv2.imshow("Image",image)
cv2.imshow("Edged",edged)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

# 轮廓检测
cnts = cv2.findContours(edged.copy(), cv2.RETR_LIST,cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)[1]
cnts = sorted(cnts, key = cv2.contourArea, reverse = True)[:5]  # 排序

# 遍历轮廓
for c in cnts:
    # 计算轮廓近似
    peri = cv2.arcLength(c, True)
    # C表示输入的点集
    # epsilon表示从原始轮廓到近似轮廓的最大距离，它是一个准确度参数
    # True表示封闭的
    approx = cv2.approxPolyDP(c, 0.02 * peri, True)

    # 4个点的时候就拿出来
    if len(approx) == 4:
        screenCnt = approx
        break

# 显示结果
print("STEP 2:获取轮廓")
cv2.drawContours(image, [screenCnt], -1,(0, 255, 0), 2)
cv2.imshow("Outline", image)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

# 透视变换
warped = four_point_transform(orig, screenCnt.reshape(4,2) * ratio)

#二值处理
warped = cv2.cvtColor(warped, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
ref = cv2.threshold(warped, 100, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)[1]
cv2.imwrite('scan.jpg',ref)
#显示结果
print("STEP 3:变换")
cv2.imshow("Original", resize(orig, height = 650))
cv2.imshow("Scanned", resize(ref, height = 650))
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()