利用SpringAMQP演示DirectExchange的使用（发布订阅：路由）

1、在消费者服务中，利用注解声明队列、交换机，并将两者绑定

 在listener包下创建SpringDirectRabbitListener类

package cn.itheima.mq.listener;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.ExchangeTypes;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Exchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.QueueBinding;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * 接收消息
 * @author ning
 * @since 2022/12/2 20:31
 */

@Component
public class SpringDirectRabbitListener {

    /**
     * 声明要监听的队列
     * bindings 要绑定队列
     * value 创建一个队列，name 队列名
     * exchange 创建一个交换机，name 交换机名，type 交换机类型
     * key 交换机根据key值来判断把消息转发给哪个队列
     */
    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue(name = "direct.queue1"),
            exchange = @Exchange(name = "exchange.direct",type = ExchangeTypes.DIRECT),
            key = {"blue","red"}
    ))
    public void listenDirectQueue1(String msg) {
        System.out.println("消费者1接受到了消息" + msg);
    }

    /**
     * 声明要监听的队列
     * bindings 要绑定队列
     * value 创建一个队列，name 队列名
     * exchange 创建一个交换机，name 交换机名，type 交换机类型
     * key 交换机根据key值来判断把消息转发给哪个队列
     */
    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue(name = "direct.queue2"),
            exchange = @Exchange(name = "exchange.direct",type = ExchangeTypes.DIRECT),
            key = {"yellow","red"}
    ))
    public void listenDirectQueue2(String msg) {
        System.out.println("消费者2接受到了消息" + msg);
    }
}

2、在生产者服务中，编写测试方法，向exchange.fanout发送消息

package cn.itheima.mq.helloworld;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

/**
 * 发送消息测试类
 *
 * @author ning
 * @since 2022/12/2 20:09
 */

@SpringBootTest
public class SpringAmqpDirectTest {

    //注入收发消息模板
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @Test
    void testSimpleDirectQueue() {
        //消息
        String msg = "hello, spring amqp!";
        //交换机名称
        String exchangeName = "exchange.direct";
        //发送消息,转成字节数组发送
        //给交换机发送消息是三个参数
        //参数分别是：交互机名称、RoutingKey、消息 
        //RoutingKey：交换机根据这个key值来判断消息转发给谁
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(exchangeName,"blue",msg);

        System.out.println("消息发送完毕");
    }
}

3、测试结果：